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- ArticleTomar V, Dhillon GS, Singh D, Singh RP, Poland J, Joshi AK, Tiwari BS, Kumar U.PeerJ. 2021;9:e11593.Genetic diversity and population structure information are crucial for enhancing traits of interest and the development of superlative varieties for commercialization. The present study elucidated the population structure and genetic diversity of 141 advanced wheat breeding lines using single nucleotide polymorphism markers. A total of 14,563 high-quality identified genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) markers were distributed covering 13.9 GB wheat genome, with a minimum of 1,026 SNPs on the homoeologous group four and a maximum of 2,838 SNPs on group seven. The average minor allele frequency was found 0.233, although the average polymorphism information content (PIC) and heterozygosity were 0.201 and 0.015, respectively. Principal component analyses (PCA) and population structure identified two major groups (sub-populations) based on SNPs information. The results indicated a substantial gene flow/exchange with many migrants (Nm = 86.428) and a considerable genetic diversity (number of different alleles, Na = 1.977; the number of effective alleles, Ne = 1.519; and Shannon's information index, I = 0.477) within the population, illustrating a good source for wheat improvement. The average PIC of 0.201 demonstrates moderate genetic diversity of the present evaluated advanced breeding panel. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) detected 1% and 99% variance between and within subgroups. It is indicative of excessive gene traffic (less genetic differentiation) among the populations. These conclusions deliver important information with the potential to contribute new beneficial alleles using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and marker-assisted selection to enhance genetic gain in South Asian wheat breeding programs.
- ArticleHaraguchi T, Otsubo K, Sakata O, Fujiwara A, Kitagawa H.Inorg Chem. 2015 Dec 21;54(24):11593-5.Highly oriented crystalline thin films of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have promising practical applications, such as in gas separation, catalysis, and sensing. We report on the successful fabrication of highly oriented crystalline thin films of three-dimensional porous MOFs, Fe(pz)[M(CN)4] (M = Ni, Pd; pz = pyrazine). Synchrotron X-ray diffraction studies reveal not only the highly oriented crystalline nature but also the remarkable shrunken structure of the thin films (∼3-7% volume shrinkage) compared with bulk samples. Furthermore, because of lattice shrinkage, these films exhibit large lattice expansions upon guest adsorption, in marked contrast to the almost unchanged lattice in the bulk samples.
- ArticleJunold K, Baus JA, Burschka C, Vent-Schmidt T, Riedel S, Tacke R.Inorg Chem. 2013 Oct 07;52(19):11593-9.Reaction of the donor-stabilized silylene 1 with [Cr(CO)6], [Mo(CO)6], [W(CO)6], or [Fe(CO)5] leads to the formation of the transition-metal silylene complexes 2-5, which contain five-coordinate silicon(II) moieties with Si-M bonds (M = Cr, Mo, W, Fe). These compounds were characterized by NMR spectroscopic studies in the solid state and in solution and by crystal structure analyses. These experimental investigations were complemented by computational studies to gain insight into the bonding situation of 2-5. The nature of the Si-M bonds is best described as a single bond.
- ArticleOyebisi S, Olutoge F, Oyaotuderekumor I, Bankole F, Owamah H, Mazino U.Heliyon. 2022 Nov;8(11):e11593.The present study valorizes cashew nutshell ash (CNA) and uses it at 5-20 wt. % of cement for concrete production. The concrete grades of 25-40 MPa were used as mix design proportions. The thermal and mechanical properties of the concrete samples were determined on day 28 of curing. Regression models were used to predict the thermophysical properties of the concrete specimens. Also, the concrete's sustainability was estimated via the inventory of carbon and energy (ICE). The results revealed that CNA enhanced the thermal insulating characteristics of the concrete produced. Maximum compressive strength was obtained at 15 wt. % of CNA content, while the developed models yielded high precision. Compared with the control concrete, the sustainability index decreased as CNA content in the mix increased, indicating that incorporating CNA in concrete production improves the sustainability of such concrete. Therefore, the outcome of this work can be beneficial, especially in hot or arid climate regions, and at the same time, achieve a cleaner environment.
- ArticleZhang D, Zhan D, Zhang R, Sun Y, Duan C, Yang J, Wei J, Li X, Lu Y, Lai X.Sci Rep. 2024 05 21;14(1):11593.Multiple myeloma (MM) progression involves diminished tumor antigen presentation and an immunosuppressive microenvironment, characterized by diminished expression of major histocompatibility complexes (MHC) class I molecule and elevated programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1) in MM cells, along with an enriched population of regulatory T cells (Tregs). To investigate Treg's influence on MM cells, we established a co-culture system using Tregs from MM patients and the MM cell lines (MM.1S and SK-MM-1) in vitro and assessed the effects of intervening in the relevant pathways connecting Tregs and MM cells in vivo. In vitro, Tregs induced transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) production, downregulated MHC I members, and increased PDL1 expression in MM cells. Treg-derived TGF-β1 suppressed the cGAS-STING pathway, contributing to the loss of MHC I molecule expression and PDL1 upregulation. Correspondingly, neutralizing TGF-β1 or activating the cGAS-STING pathway restored MHC I and PDL1 expression, effectively countering the pro-tumorigenic effect of Tregs on MM cells in vivo. These data elucidated how Tregs influence tumor antigen presentation and immunosuppressive signal in MM cells, potentially providing therapeutic strategies, such as neutralizing TGF-β1 or activating the cGAS-STING pathway, to address the immune escape and immunosuppressive dynamics in MM.
- ArticleRoy A, Prabhakaran P, Baruah PK, Sanjayan GJ.Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Nov 14;47(42):11593-611.Conformationally ordered synthetic oligomers, also called "foldamers", have attracted considerable attention in recent years owing to their ability to mimic the structural architecture of biopolymers and also because of their potential applications in biomedical and material science fields. Until recently, the major focus in this area has been the development of oligomers featuring a single type of monomer building blocks. However, due to the enormous possibility of augmenting the conformational space available for oligomer design, the hetero foldamer approach has been introduced very recently. This feature article aims to describe foldamers with unique structural architectures, exclusively featuring heterogeneous backbones (hetero foldamers).
- ArticleChung SW, Rho H, Lim CK, Jeon MK, Kim S, Jang YJ, An HJ.Sci Rep. 2022 07 08;12(1):11593.To investigate the effects of short-term low temperatures, three-year-old avocado (Persea americana cv. Hass) seedlings were treated with 1, - 2, or - 5 °C for 1 h and subsequently recovered in ambient condition for 24 h. Leaf color changes were investigated with chlorophyll, carotenoid, and phenolic contents. Photosynthetic responses were examined using gas exchange analysis. With H2O2 contents as oxidative stresses, enzymatic (ascorbate peroxidase, APX; glutathione reductase, GR; catalase, CAT; peroxidase, POD) and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities were determined using spectrophotometry. Leaves in the avocado seedlings started to be discolored with changes in the contents of chlorophyll a, carotenoids, and phenolics when treated with - 5 °C. However, the H2O2 content was not different in leaves treated with low temperatures. Photosynthetic activities decreased in leaves in the seedlings treated with - 5 °C. Of antioxidant enzymes, APX and GR have high activities in leaves in the seedlings treated with 1 and - 2 °C. In leaves in the seedlings treated with - 5 °C, the activities of all enzymes decreased. Non-enzymatic antioxidant activity was not different among leaves treated with low temperatures. These results indicated that APX and GR would play a critical role in withstanding chilling stress in 'Hass' avocado seedlings. However, under lethal temperature, even for a short time, the plants suffered irreversible damage with the breakdown of photosystem and antioxidant system.
- ArticleGhilane J, Hauquier F, Lacroix JC.Anal Chem. 2013 Dec 03;85(23):11593-601.The immobilization of dopamine, a neurotransmitter, onto macroelectrode and microelectrode surfaces has been performed following two strategies. The first consists of a one-step grafting based on electrochemical oxidation of an amino group in acidic media. The second is a stepwise process starting with electrochemical grafting of diazonium, leading to the attachment of aryl layer bearing an acidic headgroup, followed by chemical coupling leading to immobilized dopamine molecules onto the electrode surface. Electrochemical, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses evidence that both methods are suitable for the immobilization of dopamine onto millimetric and micronic electrodes. The electrochemical responses of modified electrodes demonstrate that the electroactivity of the attached dopamine layer appears unaffected by the nature of the spacer, alkyl or aryl layers, suggesting that the communication, through tunneling, between the attached dopamine and the electrode is possible. More interestingly, the dopamine-modified electrode exhibits electron transfer activation toward dopamine in solution. As a result, not only does the dopamine modified electrode yield a fast electron transfer with lower ΔE(p) (30 mV) than the majority of pretreatment procedures but also the ΔE(p) is as small as that observed for more complex surface treatments.
- ArticleIancu V, Braun KF, Schouteden K, Van Haesendonck C.Langmuir. 2013 Sep 17;29(37):11593-9.Nowadays molecular nanoporous networks have numerous uses in surface nanopatterning applications and in studies of host-guest interactions. Trimesic acid (TMA), a benzene derivative with three carboxylic groups, is a marvelous building block for forming 2D H-bonded porous networks. Here, we report a low-temperature study of the nanoporous "chicken-wire" superstructure formed by TMA molecules adsorbed on a Au(111) surface. Distinct preferential orientations of the porous networks on Au(111) lead to the formation of peculiar TMA polymorphs that are stabilized only at the boundary between rotational molecular domains. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy are used to investigate the electronic properties of both the molecular building blocks and the pores. Sub-molecular-resolution imaging and spatially resolved electronic spectroscopy reveal a remarkable change in the appearance of the molecules in the STM images at energies in the range of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, accompanied by highly extended molecular wave functions into the pores. The electronic structure of the pores reflects a weak confinement of surface electrons by the TMA network. Our experimental observations are corroborated by density-functional-theory-based calculations of the nanoporous structure adsorbed on Au(111).
- ArticleSkaarud KJ, Hov JR, Hansen SH, Kummen M, Valeur J, Seljeflot I, Bye A, Paulsen V, Lundin KEA, Trøseid M, Tjønnfjord GE, Iversen PO.Sci Rep. 2021 06 02;11(1):11593.Gut mucosal barrier injury is common following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and associated with poor clinical outcomes. Diet is critical for microbial diversity, but whether nutritional support affects microbiota and outcome after allo-HSCT is unknown. We present a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled nutritional intervention trial during allo-HSCT. We investigated if the intervention influenced gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and markers of gut barrier functions, and if these parameters were associated with clinical outcomes. Fecal specimens were available from 47 recipients, and subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We found no significant differences between the intervention group and controls in investigated parameters. We observed a major depletion of microbiota, SCFAs, and altered markers of gut barrier function from baseline to 3 weeks post-transplant. One-year mortality was significantly higher in patients with lower diversity at 3 weeks post-HSCT, but not related to diversity at baseline. The relative abundance of Blautia genus at 3 weeks was higher in survivors. Fecal propionic acid was associated with survival. Markers of gut barrier functions were less strongly associated with clinical outcomes. Possibly, other strategies than dietary intervention are needed to prevent negative effects of gut microbiota and clinical outcomes after allo-HSCT.ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01181076).
- ArticleFranz A, Pirson PA, Pilger D, Halder S, Achuthankutty D, Kashkar H, Ramadan K, Hoppe T.Nat Commun. 2016 05 17;7:11593.
- ArticleHou YF, Li WL, Zhang TD, Wang W, Cao WP, Liu XL, Fei WD.Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2015 May 07;17(17):11593-7.BaTiO3, BiFeO3 and BiFeO3/BaTiO3 polycrystalline films were prepared by the radio frequency magnetron sputtering on the Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrate. The phase structure, converse piezoelectric coefficient and domain structure of BaTiO3, BiFeO3 and BiFeO3/BaTiO3 thin films are characterized by XRD and PFM, respectively. The converse piezoelectric coefficient d33 of BiFeO3/BaTiO3 thin films is 119.5 pm V(-1), which is comparable to that of lead-based piezoelectric films. The large piezoelectric response of BiFeO3/BaTiO3 thin films is ascribed to the low-symmetry T-like phase BiFeO3, because the spontaneous polarization vector of T-like phase (with monoclinic symmetry) BiFeO3 can rotate easily under external field. In addition, the reduced leakage current and major domains with upward polarization are also attributed to the large piezoelectricity.
- ArticleMarchetti F, Pettinari C, Pettinari R, Cerquetella A, Di Nicola C, Macchioni A, Zuccaccia D, Monari M, Piccinelli F.Inorg Chem. 2008 Dec 15;47(24):11593-603.Arene ruthenium(II) complexes containing bis(pyrazolyl)methane ligands have been prepared by reacting the ligands L' (L' in general; specifically L(1) = H(2)C(pz)(2), L(2) = H(2)C(pz(Me2))(2), L(3) = H(2)C(pz(4Me))(2), L(4) = Me(2)C(pz)(2) and L(5) = Et(2)C(pz)(2) where pz = pyrazole) with [(arene)RuCl(mu-Cl)](2) dimers (arene = p-cymene or benzene). When the reaction was carried out in methanol solution, complexes of the type [(arene)Ru(L')Cl]Cl were obtained. When L(1), L(2), L(3), and L(5) ligands reacted with excess [(arene)RuCl(mu-Cl)](2), [(arene)Ru(L')Cl][(arene)RuCl(3)] species have been obtained, whereas by using the L(4) ligand under the same reaction conditions the unexpected [(p-cymene)Ru(pzH)(2)Cl]Cl complex was recovered. The reaction of 1 equiv of [(p-cymene)Ru(L')Cl]Cl and of [(p-cymene)Ru(pzH)(2)Cl]Cl with 1 equiv of AgX (X = O(3)SCF(3) or BF(4)) in methanol afforded the complexes [(p-cymene)Ru(L')Cl](O(3)SCF(3)) (L' = L(1) or L(2)) and [(p-cymene)Ru(pzH)(2)Cl]BF(4), respectively. [(p-cymene)Ru(L(1))(H(2)O)][PF(6)](2) formed when [(p-cymene)Ru(L(1))Cl]Cl reacts with an excess of AgPF(6). The solid-state structures of the three complexes, [(p-cymene)Ru{H(2)C(pz)(2)}Cl]Cl, [(p-cymene)Ru{H(2)Cpz(4Me))(2)}Cl]Cl, and [(p-cymene)Ru{H(2)C(pz)(2)}Cl](O(3)SCF(3)), were determined by X-ray crystallographic studies. The interionic structure of [(p-cymene)Ru(L(1))Cl](O(3)SCF(3)) and [(p-cymene)Ru(L')Cl][(p-cymene)RuCl(3)] (L' = L(1) or L(2)) was investigated through an integrated experimental approach based on NOE and pulsed field gradient spin-echo (PGSE) NMR experiments in CD(2)Cl(2) as a function of the concentration. PGSE NMR measurements indicate the predominance of ion pairs in solution. NOE measurements suggest that (O(3)SCF(3))(-) approaches the cation orienting itself toward the CH(2) moiety of the L(1) (H(2)C(pz)(2)) ligand as found in the solid state. Selected Ru species have been preliminarily investigated as catalysts toward styrene oxidation by dihydrogen peroxide, [(p-cymene)Ru(L(1))(H(2)O)][PF(6)](2) being the most active species.
- ArticleLiu Q, Liu N, Shangguan Q, Zhang F, Chai W, Tong X, Zhao X, Li Z, Qi D, Ye X.Sci Rep. 2019 08 12;9(1):11593.Chronic hepatitis B virus infection is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV infection affects lncRNA expression in infected cells, but the detailed mechanism and biological significance are not yet clear. In this study, we focused on exploring the function of the HBV-upregulated lncRNA SAMD12-AS1 in cell proliferation. We found that there is a higher level of SAMD12-AS1 expression in tumors than in adjacent nontumorous liver tissues. We showed that ectopic expression of SAMD12-AS1 promotes cell growth and blocks apoptosis, while knockdown of SAMD12-AS1 inhibits cell proliferation and enhances etoposide-induced apoptosis. Using RNA immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry, we determined that SAMD12-AS1 interacts with NPM1 and confirmed that SAMD12-AS1(1-350) is required for the interaction with NPM1. As it is known that NPM1 interacts with the E3 ligase HDM2 and reduces HDM2-mediated p53 degradation, we examined whether SAMD12-AS1 can affect p53 stability. Overexpression of SAMD12-AS1 caused a reduction in p53 protein levels by shortening its half-life. Conversely, knockdown of SAMD12-AS1 prolonged the half-life of p53. We further demonstrated that SAMD12-AS1 increased the interaction of HDM2 and p53 and enhanced p53 ubiquitination. Our findings reveal that HBV-upregulated SAMD12-AS1 regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis via the NPM1-HDM2-p53 axis.
- ArticleSong J, Ratcliffe B, Kess T, Lai BS, Korecký J, El-Kassaby YA.Sci Rep. 2018 08 02;8(1):11593.Seed orchards main function is delivering breeding programs' gains in the form of genetically improved seedlings. They are unique experimental populations, perfectly suited for studying various pollination environments (natural or otherwise), affecting their mating system parameters. Here, under different pollination environment (natural and intrusive (pollen augmentation and/or bloom-delay)), the mating system of a second generation, wind-pollinated, coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seed orchard was evaluated over four years. Using DNA microsatellite markers and bulk seed samples, we conducted pedigree reconstruction to assign each seed's male and female parents, followed by determining the extent of pollen contamination (external gene flow), selfing rate, and, parental gametic contribution for each year. Overall, external pollen contamination rates ranged between 10 and 28%, selfing rate varied between 12 and 17%, and 80% of the seed crops were produced by 37-64% of the orchard's parents. Pollination environment and seed crop size substantially influenced the observed results, particularly for small crops as pollen contamination was high in natural (28%) vs. intrusive pollination (10%). Generally, irrespective of the crop size, seed produced under natural pollination had higher pollen contamination, confirming the role of pollination environment manipulation in improving seed crops' genetic quality.
- ArticleStumbar S, Lage O, Whisenant EB, Brown DR.Cureus. 2020 Nov 20;12(11):e11593.INTRODUCTION: To educate students about social determinants of health, our medical school assigns interprofessional student teams to work longitudinally with underserved households to identify and address their health and social needs. To cultivate reflective practice--an essential component to training competent professionals through service-learning programs--students are asked to recognize their emotional responses to patient encounters. This project used reflective essays to identify the emotional responses of medical students to the start of their household visit experience and to assess their observations in relation to social determinants of health.
METHODS: Thematic analysis was used to examine patterns in reflective essays provided by 99 medical students. Two independent reviewers read the essays and created initial codes, which were developed into a common codebook by consensus. Codes were categorized into themes, including observations of the social determinants and emotional reactions to household visits.
RESULTS: Through the provision of household-centered care, medical students recognize the roles that social determinants play in the health of patients, households, and communities. Furthermore, they are able to identify household and community level interventions to address these identified needs. A variety of emotional responses to household visits were identified, ranging from frustration and sadness to empathy and humility. Conclusions: Medical students undergo an emotional evolution even at the start of their household visit experience; highlighting that early patient care responsibilities play an important role in their development from pre-professional students to doctors-in-training. Additionally, student observations of the social determinants suggest that household visits can provide an opportunity for the application of knowledge about identifying and addressing these barriers to care. - ArticleJiang D, Dong S, Tang W, Lu T, Du D.J Org Chem. 2015 Nov 20;80(22):11593-7.A stereoselective synthetic approach to spirooxindole γ-butyrolactams is developed via N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed formal [3 + 2] annulation of α-bromoenals with 3-aminooxindoles. An enantioselective variant of this methodology is also investigated resulting in good substrate tolerance and high enantioselectivities.
- ArticleSon M, Kang WC, Oh S, Bayarsaikhan D, Ahn H, Lee J, Park H, Lee S, Choi J, Lee HS, Yang PC, Byun K, Lee B.Sci Rep. 2017 09 14;7(1):11593.Post-ischemic reperfusion injury (PIRI) triggers an intense inflammatory response which is essential for repair but is also implicated in pathogenesis of post-ischemic remodeling in several organs in human. Stem cell therapy has recently emerged as a promising method for treatment of PIRI in human. However, satisfactory results have not been reported due to severe loss of injected stem cells in PIRI including critical limb ischemia (CLI). For investigating the advanced glycation end-product-albumin (AGE-albumin) from activated macrophages is critical in both muscle cell and stem cell death, we evaluated the recovery of PIRI-CLI by injection of human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBD-MSCs) with or without soluble receptor for AGEs (sRAGE). Our results showed that activated M1 macrophages synthesize and secrete AGE-albumin, which induced the skeletal muscle cell death and injected hBD-MSCs in PIRI-CLI through RAGE increase. Combined injection of sRAGE and hBD-MSCs resulted in enhanced survival of hBD-MSCs and angiogenesis in PIRI-CLI mice. Taken together, AGE-albumin from activated macrophages is critical for both skeletal muscle cell and hBD-MSCs death in PIRI-CLI. Therefore, the inhibition of AGE-albumin from activated macrophages could be a successful therapeutic strategy for treatment of PIRI including CLI with or without stem cell therapy.
- ArticleTahir MA, Dina NE, Cheng H, Valev VK, Zhang L.Nanoscale. 2021 Jul 15;13(27):11593-11634.In recent years, bioanalytical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has blossomed into a fast-growing research area. Owing to its high sensitivity and outstanding multiplexing ability, SERS is an effective analytical technique that has excellent potential in bioanalysis and diagnosis, as demonstrated by its increasing applications in vivo. SERS allows the rapid detection of molecular species based on direct and indirect strategies. Because it benefits from the tunable surface properties of nanostructures, it finds a broad range of applications with clinical relevance, such as biological sensing, drug delivery and live cell imaging assays. Of particular interest are early-stage-cancer detection and the fast detection of pathogens. Here, we present a comprehensive survey of SERS-based assays, from basic considerations to bioanalytical applications. Our main focus is on SERS-based pathogen detection methods as point-of-care solutions for early bacterial infection detection and chronic disease diagnosis. Additionally, various promising in vivo applications of SERS are surveyed. Furthermore, we provide a brief outlook of recent endeavours and we discuss future prospects and limitations for SERS, as a reliable approach for rapid and sensitive bioanalysis and diagnosis.
- ArticleToop HD, Don AS, Morris JC.Org Biomol Chem. 2015 Dec 28;13(48):11593-6.A convergent synthesis to access hydrophobic tail analogs and head group modifications of AAL(S) is described. The analogs synthesised were evaluated for their ability to inhibit ceramide synthase 1 and for their cytotoxicity in K562 cells. Our results have identified inhibitors which are non-cytotoxic yet maintain CerS1 inhibition.