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- ArticlePrzybyla J, Taylor J, Zhou X.Sensors (Basel). 2010;10(9):8070-91.In this paper, a spatial information-theoretic model is proposed to locate sensors for detecting source-to-target patterns of special nuclear material (SNM) smuggling. In order to ship the nuclear materials from a source location with SNM production to a target city, the smugglers must employ global and domestic logistics systems. This paper focuses on locating a limited set of fixed and mobile radiation sensors in a transportation network, with the intent to maximize the expected information gain and minimize the estimation error for the subsequent nuclear material detection stage. A Kalman filtering-based framework is adapted to assist the decision-maker in quantifying the network-wide information gain and SNM flow estimation accuracy.
- ArticleLee J, Oh ET, Yoon H, Kim H, Park HJ, Kim C.Nanoscale. 2016 Apr 21;8(15):8070-7.Mesoporous silica nanocontainers (MSNs) with biologically responsive gatekeepers have great potential for effective delivery of cargo molecules to the desired sites. For that purpose, peptides could be effective candidates as gatekeepers because of their bioresponsiveness and targeting capability. Taking advantage of the zinc finger domain peptide (CXXC), we designed a biocompatible all-peptide gatekeeper (WCGKC) with on-off gatekeeping capability through stimulus-responsive conformational conversion and the steric bulkiness of the tryptophan unit. The turn structure induced by an intramolecular disulfide bond of the peptide gatekeeper (WCGKC-SS) completely inhibited the release of the entrapped doxorubicin (DOX). However, upon reduction of the disulfide bond by glutathione (GSH), the peptide conformation was converted to a random structure, which opened the orifice of the mesopore leading to the release of DOX. The amine moiety of the lysine of the peptide gatekeeper was PEGylated to enhance dispersion stability and biocompatibility of the nanocontainer. Furthermore, the MSNs with the peptide gatekeeper (PEG-WCGKC-SS-Si) selectively released the entrapped DOX in A549 human lung cancer cells in a controlled manner triggered by intracellular GSH, but not in CCD normal lung cells containing a low intracellular GSH level. In A549 cells, DOX-loaded PEG-WCGKC-SS-Si exhibited about 10-times higher cytotoxicity induced by apoptosis than that in CCD cells.
- ArticlePertusati F, McGuigan C.Chem Commun (Camb). 2015 May 11;51(38):8070-3.The first copper-catalysed diastereoselective synthesis of P-chiral phosphoramidate prodrugs (ProTides) is reported. This procedure allows the synthesis of diastereomeric-enriched mixtures of ProTides. Application of this methodology to the asymmetric phosphorylation of purine and pyrimidine nucleoside analogues is presented.
- ArticleSulima AS, Zhukov VA, Kulaeva OA, Vasileva EN, Borisov AY, Tikhonovich IA.PeerJ. 2019;7:e8070.At the onset of legume-rhizobial symbiosis, the mutual recognition of partners occurs based on a complicated interaction between signal molecules and receptors. Bacterial signal molecules named Nod factors ("nodulation factors") are perceived by the plant LysM-containing receptor-like kinases (LysM-RLKs) that recognize details of its structure (i.e., unique substitutions), thus providing the conditions particular to symbiosis. In the garden pea (Pisum sativum L.), the allelic state of Sym2 gene has long been reported to regulate the symbiotic specificity: for infection to be successful, plants with the Sym2 A allele (for "Sym2 Afghan", as these genotypes originate mostly from Afghanistan) require an additional acetylation of the Nod factor which is irrelevant for genotypes with the Sym2 E allele (for "Sym2 European"). Despite being described about 90 years ago, Sym2 has not yet been cloned, though phenotypic analysis suggests it probably encodes a receptor for the Nod factor. Recently, we described a novel pea gene LykX (PsLykX) from the LysM-RLK gene family that demonstrates a perfect correlation between its allelic state and the symbiotic specificity of the Sym2 A-type. Here we report on a series of Middle-Eastern pea genotypes exhibiting the phenotype of narrow symbiotic specificity discovered in the VIR plant genetic resources gene bank (Saint-Petersburg, Russia). These genotypes are new sources of Sym2 A, as has been confirmed by an allelism test with Sym2 A pea cv. Afghanistan. Within these genotypes, LykX is present either in the allelic state characteristic for cv. Afghanistan, or in another, minor allelic state found in two genotypes from Tajikistan and Turkmenistan. Plants carrying the second allele demonstrate the same block of rhizobial infection as cv. Afghanistan when inoculated with an incompatible strain. Intriguingly, this "Tajik" allele of LykX differs from the "European" one by a single nucleotide polymorphism leading to an R75P change in the receptor part of the putative protein. Thus, our new data are in agreement with the hypothesis concerning the identity of LykX and the elusive Sym2 gene.
- ArticleCámara-Reyes RR, Obregón-Gavilán D.Medwave. 2020 11 26;20(10):e8070.
- ArticleStoyanov GS, Lyutfi E, Dzhenkov DL, Petkova L.Cureus. 2020 May 12;12(5):e8070.Acute necrotizing encephalitis (ANE) is a rare complication of viral respiratory tract infections, with specific histological changes. The condition is most commonly described in the pediatric population, however, it can also develop in the elderly, with some genetic factors being described as contributory. Herein, we report the autopsy finding of a patient with a viral respiratory tract infection, complicated with ANE. The patient was a 77-year-old female with multiple comorbidities living in a social home. For the two months prior, she had been hospitalized with cerebral infarction, respiratory tract infection, and exacerbation of chronic cardiac failure and concomitant hypertension and type 2 diabetes. On gross examination, the brain was edematous, with ground-glass opacity meninges a focus of encephalomalacia in the right cerebral hemisphere and multiple petechial hemorrhages. Histology revealed diffuse foci of encephalitis, with large areas of neuronal necrosis (coagulative-like necrosis) around the blood vessels and a sharp border with the surrounding healthy parenchyma - ANE. The patients tested negative for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
- ArticleAdamowski M, Sharma Y, Molcan T, Wołodko K, Kelsey G, Galvão AM.Sci Rep. 2024 04 05;14(1):8070.Obesity is associated with increased ovarian inflammation and the establishment of leptin resistance. We presently investigated the role of impaired leptin signalling on transcriptional regulation in granulosa cells (GCs) collected from genetically obese mice. Furthermore, we characterised the association between ovarian leptin signalling, the activation of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and macrophage infiltration in obese mice. After phenotype characterisation, ovaries were collected from distinct group of animals for protein and mRNA expression analysis: (i) mice subjected to a diet-induced obesity (DIO) protocol, where one group was fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and another a standard chow diet (CD) for durations of 4 or 16 weeks; (ii) mice genetically deficient in the long isoform of the leptin receptor (ObRb; db/db); (iii) mice genetically deficient in leptin (ob/ob); and (iv) mice rendered pharmacologically hyperleptinemic (LEPT). Next, GCs from antral follicles isolated from db/db and ob/ob mice were subjected to transcriptome analysis. Transcriptional analysis revealed opposing profiles in genes associated with steroidogenesis and prostaglandin action between the genetic models, despite the similarities in body weight. Furthermore, we observed no changes in the mRNA and protein levels of NLRP3 inflammasome components in the ovaries of db/db mice or in markers of M1 and M2 macrophage infiltration. This contrasted with the downregulation of NLRP3 inflammasome components and M1 markers in ob/ob and 16-wk HFD-fed mice. We concluded that leptin signalling regulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the expression of M1 markers in the ovaries of obese mice in an ObRb-dependent and ObRb-independent manner. Furthermore, we found no changes in the expression of leptin signalling and NLRP3 inflammasome genes in GCs from db/db and ob/ob mice, which was associated with no effects on macrophage infiltration genes, despite the dysregulation of genes associated with steroidogenesis in homozygous obese db/db. Our results suggest that: (i) the crosstalk between leptin signalling, NLRP3 inflammasome and macrophage infiltration takes place in ovarian components other than the GC compartment; and (ii) transcriptional changes in GCs from homozygous obese ob/ob mice suggest structural rearrangement and organisation, whereas in db/db mice the impairment in steroidogenesis and secretory activity.
- ArticleKwakye SK, Mostert K, Garnett D, Masenge A.Sci Rep. 2023 05 18;13(1):8070.There seems to be no information on the incidence of injury and associated risk factors for academy football players in Ghana. We determine the risk factors associated with match and training injuries among male football players at an academy in Ghana. Preseason measurements of players' height, weight, and ankle dorsiflexion (DF) range of motion (ROM) were measured with a stadiometer (Seca 213), a digital weighing scale (Omron HN-289), and tape measure, respectively. The functional ankle instability (FAI) of players was measured using the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT), and dynamic postural control was measured with the Star Excursion Balance Test. Injury surveillance data for all injuries were collected by resident physiotherapists throughout one season. Selected factors associated with injury incidence were tested using Spearman's rank correlation at a 5% significance level. Age was negatively associated with overall injury incidence (r = - 0.589, p = 0.000), match (r = - 0.294, p = 0.008), and training incidence (r = - 0.314, p = 0.005). Previous injury of U18s was associated with training injuries (r = 0.436, p = 0.023). Body mass index (BMI) was negatively associated with overall injury incidence (r = - 0.513, p = 0.000), and training incidence (r = - 0.395, p = 0.000). CAIT scores were associated with overall injury incidence (n = 0.263, p = 0.019) and match incidence (r = 0.263, p = 0.029). The goalkeeper position was associated with match incidence (r = 0.241, p = 0.031) while the U16 attacker position was associated with training incidence. Exposure hours was negatively associated with overall injury incidence (r = - 0.599, p = 0.000). Age, BMI, previous injury, goalkeeper and attacker positions, ankle DF ROM, and self-reported FAI were associated with injury incidence among academy football players in Ghana.
- ArticleKara V, Sohn YI, Atikian H, Yakhot V, Lončar M, Ekinci KL.Nano Lett. 2015 Dec 09;15(12):8070-6.Single-crystal diamond nanomechanical resonators are being developed for countless applications. A number of these applications require that the resonator be operated in a fluid, that is, a gas or a liquid. Here, we investigate the fluid dynamics of single-crystal diamond nanomechanical resonators in the form of nanocantilevers. First, we measure the pressure-dependent dissipation of diamond nanocantilevers with different linear dimensions and frequencies in three gases, He, N2, and Ar. We observe that a subtle interplay between the length scale and the frequency governs the scaling of the fluidic dissipation. Second, we obtain a comparison of the surface accommodation of different gases on the diamond surface by analyzing the dissipation in the molecular flow regime. Finally, we measure the thermal fluctuations of the nanocantilevers in water and compare the observed dissipation and frequency shifts with theoretical predictions. These findings set the stage for developing diamond nanomechanical resonators operable in fluids.
- ArticleWu S, Li Y, Zhang S.J Org Chem. 2016 09 02;81(17):8070-6.The first utility of praseodymium as a mediating metal in the Barbier reaction of carbonyl compounds with allyl halides was reported in this paper. In contrast to the traditional metal-mediated or catalyzed Barbier reactions, exclusive α-adducts were obtained in this one-pot reaction with a broad scope of substrates and feasible reaction conditions.
- ArticleBergström K, Nordahl O, Söderling P, Koch-Schmidt P, Borger T, Tibblin P, Larsson P.Sci Rep. 2022 05 16;12(1):8070.Studies of life-history variation across a species range are crucial for ecological understanding and successful conservation. Here, we examined the growth and age of Wels catfish (Silurus glanis) in Sweden, which represent the northernmost populations in Europe. A total of 1183 individuals were captured, marked and released between 2006 and 2020. Mark-recapture data from 162 individuals (size range: 13-195 cm) were used to estimate von Bertalanffy growth curve parameters which revealed very slow growth rates compared to catfish within the core distribution area (central Europe). The fitted von Bertalanffy growth curve predicted a 150 cm catfish to be around 40 years old, while the largest recaptured individual (length 195 cm) was estimated to be 70 (95% CI 50-112) years old. This was substantially older than the previously documented maximum age of a catfish. The weight at length relationships in these northern peripheral populations were similar to those documented for catfish in central Europe indicating that resources did not constrain growth. This indicates that the slow growth and exceptional high age in the northern catfish populations are the result of lower temperatures and/or local adaptations.
- ArticleKenfield SA, Van Blarigan EL, Panchal N, Bang A, Zhang L, Graff RE, Chen YH, Ryan CJ, Luke A, Newton RU, Tenggara I, Schultz B, Wang E, Lavaki E, Zuniga K, Pinto N, Borno H, Aggarwal R, Friedlander T, Koshkin VS, Harzstark A, Small E, Chan JM.Cancer Med. 2021 11;10(22):8058-8070.BACKGROUND: Exercise may improve clinical and quality of life outcomes for men with prostate cancer. No randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have examined the feasibility, safety, and acceptability of remote exercise training in men with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
METHODS: We conducted a pilot RCT (1:1:1 aerobic or resistance exercise 3x/week or usual care) to determine the feasibility, safety, and acceptability of remotely monitored exercise over 12 weeks in 25 men with mCRPC. A prescribed exercise program was based on baseline testing including high- and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise or resistance exercise completed at a local exercise facility. Feasibility was based on attendance, adherence, and tolerance; safety on adverse events; and acceptability on participant interviews.
RESULTS: Between March 2016 and March 2020, 25 patients were randomized (8 aerobic, 7 resistance, and 10 control). Twenty-three men (82%) completed the 12-week study. Men who completed the remote intervention attempted 90% and 96% of prescribed aerobic and resistance training sessions, respectively, and 86% and 88% of attempted sessions were completed as or more than prescribed. We observed changes in performance tests that corresponded with the exercise prescription. No safety concerns were identified. Ninety percent of participants interviewed were satisfied with the program and would recommend it to others.
CONCLUSIONS: Remotely monitored exercise training is feasible, safe, and acceptable in men with mCRPC; there was no difference in these outcomes by mode of exercise. Through this research, we provide direction and rationale for future studies of exercise and clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. - ArticleParry HA, Randall RB, Hyatt HW, Hood WR, Kavazis AN.Heliyon. 2021 Sep;7(9):e08070.We evaluated mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy by investigating the acute and long-term changes in the liver and skeletal muscle of rats in multiple reproductive stages. A total of 48 rats were used. Rats were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 16 per group): nonreproductive females; females that became pregnant, gave birth, but had their pups removed at birth, and thus, did not lactate; and females that experienced pregnancy, gave birth, and were allowed to lactate. Each group was further divided into two-time subgroups (n = 8 per subgroup) and data were collected at a time-point corresponding to 1) peak lactation (day 14 of lactation) in the lactating animals (4 months of age) and 2) 15 weeks after parturition (12 weeks post-weaning in lactating animals; 7 months of age). Levels of several proteins involved in mitochondrial dynamics and the autophagy system were measured in the liver and skeletal muscle. Beclin1 protein levels in the liver were higher in non-lactating rats two weeks after parturition, while Beclin1 protein levels were highest in 7-month-old animals that had previously experienced a standard reproductive event that included pregnancy and a full 3 week of lactation. These animals also exhibited higher protein levels of the mitochondrial fusion marker Mfn2 in the liver. In skeletal muscle, we also observed increased protein levels of the mitochondrial fission marker DRP1 in non-lactating animals compared to animals that lactated. In summary, our data provide insightful information on the mechanisms that influence liver and skeletal muscle remodeling in response to the metabolic challenges of reproduction, and lactation in particular. Autophagy remodeling and mitochondrial fusion seem to coincide with liver mass size during the lactation stage of reproduction. Our findings highlight the complex changes that occur in the liver and skeletal muscle during reproduction, and highlights the remarkable plasticity required during this demanding metabolic feat.
- ArticleWang C, Lv J, Xie J, Yu J, Li J, Zhang J, Tang C, Niu T, Patience BE.Sci Rep. 2021 04 13;11(1):8070.To avoid the negative impact of excessive fertilization on vegetable production, a decreased fertilization experiment was conducted in a multi-layer covered plastic greenhouse in 2017 to 2018. Treatments included no fertilizer (CK), traditional fertilization (TF), slow-release fertilizers (SRF), and decreased fertilization with slow-release fertilizers (DSRF). Results showed that the SRF and DSRF increased leaf length (13% and 8.3%) and chlorophyll content (7.1% and 8.2%) of Chinese chives compared to TF. Similarly, DSRF was found to increase the accumulation of dry matter accumulation of roots (22%) and the dry matter accumulation of shoots (36%) of Chinese chives. Flavonoid, soluble sugar, and soluble protein content were enhanced by 18%, 8.5%, and 4.6%, respectively, in DSRF compared to TF. Nitrate content of the SRF and SRFR decreased significantly by 26% and 35%, respectively. In addition, there was a significant increase in soil nutrient and enzyme activity in the middle and late harvest of Chinese chives under DSRF compared to TF, and there was a high correlation between soil nutrients and the quality of Chinese chives. The available P and total P content significantly differed among the different greenhouse soil samples, and this significantly affected the quality of Chinese chives. The content of available P and total P in greenhouse soil was 125.07 g kg-1 and 1.26 mg kg-1, respectively. Optimal quality was obtained. Hence, the application of DSRF promoted the growth of Chinese chives and improved soil fertility, thereby enhancing the productivity and quality of Chinese chives.
- ArticleLee SE, Kim HJ, Lee SH, Choi DG.Langmuir. 2013 Jun 25;29(25):8070-5.We present a novel method of fabricating superhydrophobic and superoleophobic surfaces with nanoscale reentrant curvature by nanotransfer molding and controlled wet etching of the facile undercut. This method produces completely ordered re-entrant nanostructures and prevents capillary-induced bundling effects. The mushroom-like, re-entrant, overhanging structure demonstrates superhydrophobic and superoleophobic characteristics, as tested by water droplet bouncing and contact angle measurements, and has high transparency on a flexible substrate. Widespread use as self-cleaning surfaces is expected in the near future.
- ArticleTsuru T, Shigemoto H, Kanezashi M, Yoshioka T.Chem Commun (Camb). 2011 Jul 28;47(28):8070-2.Amorphous SiO(2) membranes were prepared via a 2-step plasma-enhanced CVD (PECVD) technique at room temperature on porous TiO(2)/Al(2)O(3) substrates. SiO(2) membranes showed molecular sieving properties with a high separation factor for He/N(2) and He/H(2), and high thermal stability, indicating the successful preparation of high-performance membranes at low temperatures.
- ArticleLee KY, Jeon W.Sci Rep. 2020 May 15;10(1):8070.Hierarchically structured phononic crystals are proposed for filtering multiple frequency bands. The advantages of using structural hierarchy come from its multiscale periodicity and the increased number of controllable parameters, which contribute to open multiple bandgaps in broadband frequency ranges and adjust the positions of those bandgaps. By deriving a transfer-matrix-based theoretical formula, hierarchical phononic crystals are designed that filter the frequency bands for randomly selected frequencies in the ultrasonic range of 20 kHz to 10 MHz. Their wave-filtering capability is demonstrated by using numerical simulations with consideration of material loss. By comparing the transmittance spectra of the hierarchical phononic crystals with those of conventional ones, the structural hierarchy of the former is shown to be advantageous in filtering multiple frequency bands.
- ArticleDing H, Tong J, Lin H, Ping F, Yao T, Ye Z, Chu J, Yuan D, Wang K, Liu X, Chen F.Aging (Albany NY). 2024 May 08;16(9):8070-8085.BACKGROUND: Inflammation is one of the significant consequences of ox-LDL-induced endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) is a critical source of inflammation factors. However, the molecular mechanism by which the SASP is regulated in ECs under ox-LDL conditions remains unknown.
RESULTS: The level of SASP was increased in ox-LDL-treated ECs, which could be augmented by KLF4 knockdown whereas restored by KLF4 knock-in. Furthermore, we found that KLF4 directly promoted PDGFRA transcription and confirmed the central role of the NAPMT/mitochondrial ROS pathway in KLF4/PDGFRA-mediated inhibition of SASP. Animal experiments showed a higher SASP HFD-fed mice, compared with normal feed (ND)-fed mice, and the endothelium of EC-specific KLF4-/- mice exhibited a higher proportion of SA-β-gal-positive cells and lower PDGFRA/NAMPT expression.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results revealed that KLF4 inhibits the SASP of endothelial cells under ox-LDL conditions through the PDGFRA/NAMPT/mitochondrial ROS.
METHODS: Ox-LDL-treated ECs and HFD-fed mice were used as endothelial senescence models in vitro and in vivo. SA-β-gal stain, detection of SAHF and the expression of inflammatory factors determined SASP and senescence of ECs. The direct interaction of KLF4 and PDGFRA promotor was analyzed by EMSA and fluorescent dual luciferase reporting analysis. - ArticleWang B, Fu Y, Shen Y, Wang P, Chen Y, Feng F, Xu Z, Huang W, Wu D.Inorg Chem. 2024 May 06;63(18):8070-8078.High-power LED lighting is a crucial challenge due to the notorious thermal quenching (TQ) effect of traditional phosphors at high operating currents, which would result in poor device performance and hamper practical optoelectronic application. Herein, we demonstrate ligand engineering of a cubane- versus staircase-like [Cu4I4] conformer as a node in coordination polymers, which remarkably suppresses the TQ effect of cluster-based photoluminescence. For complex 1 (the formula [Cu4I4(bbimb)2]n) with the cubane-like [Cu4I4] conformer as a node, the metallophilicity interaction enables ultrabright triplet emission with a photoluminescence quantum yield over 82%, and the phonon-assisted detrapping process of excitons effectively suppresses the TQ effect in the wide temperature range. In contrast, the staircase-like [Cu4I4] conformer as a node in complex 2 (the formula [Cu4I4(bbtmb)2]n) exhibits a serious TQ effect over the investigated temperature. Phosphor-converted white LEDs (pc-wLEDs) were fabricated by integrating the cluster-based coordination polymers as a color converter, and their electroluminescence performances were investigated under high bias currents. The prototype pc-wLED device by incorporating the phosphor with the suppressed TQ effect exhibits a continuous rise in brightness under a high bias current of 300 mA. The results demonstrate that ligand engineering of the cluster conformer via suppressing the TQ effect proves efficient in designing an ideal color converter for high-power pc-wLED lighting.
- ArticleNadappuram BP, McKelvey K, Al Botros R, Colburn AW, Unwin PR.Anal Chem. 2013 Sep 03;85(17):8070-4.The easy fabrication and use of nanoscale dual function pH-scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) probes is reported. These probes incorporate an iridium oxide coated carbon electrode for pH measurement and an SICM barrel for distance control, enabling simultaneous pH and topography mapping. These pH-SICM probes were fabricated rapidly from laser pulled theta quartz pipets, with the pH electrode prepared by in situ carbon filling of one of the barrels by the pyrolytic decomposition of butane, followed by electrodeposition of a thin layer of hydrous iridium oxide. The other barrel was filled with an electrolyte solution and Ag/AgCl electrode as part of a conductance cell for SICM. The fabricated probes, with pH and SICM sensing elements typically on the 100 nm scale, were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and various electrochemical measurements. They showed a linear super-Nernstian pH response over a range of pH (pH 2-10). The capability of the pH-SICM probe was demonstrated by detecting both pH and topographical changes during the dissolution of a calcite microcrystal in aqueous solution. This system illustrates the quantitative nature of pH-SICM imaging, because the dissolution process changes the crystal height and interfacial pH (compared to bulk), and each is sensitive to the rate. Both measurements reveal similar dissolution rates, which are in agreement with previously reported literature values measured by classical bulk methods.