BookStefano Di Girolamo, editor.
Summary: This book presents the state of the art in atrophic rhinitis and analyses its specific characteristics in non-allergic rhinitis. Little has been written on this condition, which represents a topical issue in modern clinical practice, and as such many clinicians tend to underestimate its impact on patients quality of life. This book covers the definition, aetiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management, providing specialists with a better understanding of this condition and of the treatment options. It describes in detail the latest diagnostic tools, such as the innovative computational fluid-dynamics studies, nasal cytology, trigeminal stimulation tests, olfactometry, subjective questionnaires, with a focus on the psychological aspects, which have not yet been systematically investigated. Further, it discusses therapeutic strategies, both medical and surgical, reviewing the literature, from the first historical procedures to recent conservative techniques, such as lateral nasal wall reconstruction with various materials, and septal perforation repair. Illustrating all the options currently available, the book is an invaluable resource, not only for otolaryngologists, but also for plastic surgeons, clinical allergists and rheumatologists.
Contents:
Intro
Foreword
Contents
Introduction
Part I: Primary Atrophic Rhinitis
1: Primary Atrophic Rhinitis: Ozaena and Other Infective Forms
1.1 Etiology of Primary Atrophic Rhinitis
1.1.1 Bacteriology
1.1.2 Virology
1.1.3 Mycology
1.2 Clinical Presentation
1.2.1 Signs
1.2.2 Symptoms
1.3 Histopathology
1.4 Diagnosis
1.5 Management
1.5.1 Medical Therapy
1.5.2 Surgical Therapy
References
Part II: Secondary Atrophic Rhinitis
2: Secondary Atrophic Rhinitis: Autoimmune and Granulomatous Forms
2.1 Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis 2.1.1 Epidemiology and Pathogenesis
2.1.2 Clinical Features
2.1.2.1 ENT Involvement
2.1.2.2 Other-Than-ENT Involvement
2.1.3 Diagnosis
2.1.4 Management
2.2 Sarcoidosis
2.2.1 Epidemiology and Pathogenesis
2.2.2 Clinical Features
2.2.2.1 ENT Involvement
2.2.2.2 Other-Than-ENT Involvement
2.2.3 Diagnosis
2.2.4 Management
2.3 Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid
2.3.1 Epidemiology and Pathogenesis
2.3.2 Clinical Features
2.3.2.1 ENT Involvement
2.3.3 Diagnosis
2.3.4 Management
2.4 Tuberculosis
2.4.1 Natural History of Disease 2.4.2 Epidemiology
2.4.2.1 ENT Involvement
2.4.3 Diagnosis
2.4.4 Management
2.5 Syphilis
2.5.1 Epidemiology
2.5.2 Clinical Presentation and Natural History
2.5.2.1 ENT Involvement
2.5.3 Diagnosis
2.5.4 Management
2.6 Other Autoimmune and Granulomatous Causes of Atrophic Rhinitis
References
3: Iatrogenic Atrophic Rhinitis: Post-Nasal Surgery or Empty Nose Syndrome (ENS)
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Epidemiology
3.3 Pathophysiology
3.4 Clinical Manifestations
3.5 Evaluation and Diagnosis
3.6 Differential Diagnosis
3.7 Treatment 3.7.1 Prevention
3.7.2 Medical Therapy
3.7.3 Surgical Repair
3.7.3.1 Temporary Fillers
3.7.3.2 Acellular Dermis Allografts and Xenografts
3.7.3.3 Autologous Cartilage
3.7.3.4 Synthetic Implants
3.8 Conclusions
References
4: Drug-Induced Atrophic Rhinitis
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Rhinitis Medicamentosa
4.2.1 Physiopathology of Rebound Nasal Congestion
4.2.2 Clinical Evaluation
4.2.3 Management
4.3 Cocaine-Induced Midline Destructive Lesions
4.3.1 Clinical Presentation
4.3.2 Pathogenesis
4.3.3 Diagnosis 4.3.4 Differential Diagnosis
4.3.5 Management
References
Part III: Diagnosis of Atrophic Rhinitis
5: Empty Nose Syndrome: Clinical Evaluation with Subjective Questionnaires and Psychological Evaluation
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Clinical Evaluation with Subjective Questionnaire
5.2.1 SNOT-25 (ENS Modification)
5.2.2 ENS6Q
5.2.3 Other Questionnaires That Were Applied for Empty Nose Syndrome Assessment
5.3 Psychological Evaluation (Mental Health Questionnaires)
5.4 Conclusion
References
6: The Role of Nasal Cytology in the Diagnosis of Atrophic Rhinitis