BookCheng-Kung Cheng, Savio L-Y. Woo, editors.
Springer Nature eBook.
Summary: This book provides state-of-the-art and up-to-date discussions on the pathology-related considerations and implications in the field of orthopaedic biomechanics. It presents fundamental engineering and mechanical theories concerning the biomechanics of orthopaedic and anatomical structures, and explores the biological and mechanical features that influence or modify the biomechanics of these structures. It also addresses clinically relevant biomechanical issues with a focus on diagnosis, injury, prevention and treatment. The first 12 chapters of the book provide a detailed review of the principles of orthopaedic biomechanics in the musculoskeletal system, including cartilage, bone, muscles and tendon, ligament, and multiple joints. Each chapter also covers important biomechanical concepts relevant to surgical and clinical practice. The remaining chapters examines clinically relevant trauma and injury challenges in the field, including diagnostic techniques such as movement analysis and rehabilitation intervention. Lastly it describes advanced considerations and approaches for fracture fixation, implant design, and biomaterials.
Contents:
Intro
Foreword
Contents
Introduction
Chapter 1: Biomechanics of Bone and Cartilage
1 Background
2 Bone Structure, Physiology, and Basic Biomechanics
3 Mechanical Properties and Characterization of Biological Tissues
3.1 Stress
3.2 Strain
3.3 Elastic Modulus
4 Musculoskeletal Tissue Response to Dynamic Mechanical Signals
5 Functional Disuse-Induced Bone Loss and Muscle Atrophy
6 Frequency-Dependent Marrow Pressure and Bone Strain Generated by Muscle Stimulation
7 Dynamic Muscle Stimulation Induced Attenuation of Bone Loss 8 Cellular and Molecular Pathways of Bone in Response to Mechanical Loading
8.1 Basic Multicellular Units (BMU)
9 Mechanical Signal Induced Marrow Stem Cell Elevation and Adipose Cell Suppression
10 Osteocyte and Its Response to Mechanical Signals Coupled with Wnt Signaling
10.1 The Role of LRP5 in Bone Responding to Mechanical Loading
10.2 MicroRNA and Its Role in Mechanotransduction in Tissue
10.3 Mechanotransductive Implication in Bone Tissue Engineering
11 Biomechanics of Articular Cartilage
11.1 The Composition of Articular Cartilage 11.2 The Effect of Mechanical Load on the Metabolism of Articular Cartilage
11.3 The Degeneration of Articular Cartilage Caused by Joint Overuse/Disuse
12 Discussion
References
Chapter 2: Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscle and Tendon
1 Skeletal Muscle
1.1 Structure and Composition
1.1.1 Muscle Fiber
1.1.2 Mononuclear Cells
1.1.3 Extracellular Matrix (ECM)
1.2 Passive Muscles
1.2.1 Elastic Behavior
1.2.2 Viscoelastic Behavior
1.3 Active Muscles
1.3.1 Muscle Force Production
1.3.2 Muscle Size and Force Production 1.3.3 Force Production and Muscle's Moment Arm
1.3.4 Force Production and Level of Recruitment of Motor Units
1.3.5 Force Production and Fiber Type
2 Tendon
2.1 Structure and Composition
2.1.1 Cell Population within Tendon
2.1.2 Extracellular Matrix
2.2 Basic Mechanics
2.2.1 Elastic Behavior
2.2.2 Viscoelastic Behavior
2.3 Mechano-responses of Tendon
2.3.1 Physiological Mechano-responses
2.3.2 Pathological Mechano-responses
2.3.3 Mechanotransduction
References
Chapter 3: Biomechanics of Ligaments
1 Ligament Composition, Structure, and Function 1.1 Composition
1.2 Structure
1.3 Function
2 Biomechanical Properties of Ligaments
2.1 Tensile Properties
2.2 Viscoelastic Properties
3 Ligament Injury, Treatment, and Rehabilitation
3.1 Injury
3.2 Treatment
3.3 ACL Reconstruction Animal Model
3.4 Rehabilitation
4 Summary
References
Chapter 4: Hand and Wrist Biomechanics
1 Skeletal and Ligamentous Anatomy
2 Biomechanics
2.1 Wrist Motion
2.2 Muscular Biomechanics
2.3 Carpometacarpal Joints
2.4 CMC Joint of the Thumb
2.5 Metacarpophalangeal Joints