BookWeidong Le, editor.
Contents:
1.3.4 Prion Disease and Autophagy
1.4 Conclusion
References
2 Autophagy and Parkinson's Disease
2.1 The Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease
2.1.1 Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease
2.1.2 Molecular Pathogenesis
2.2 The Roles of Autophagy in the Pathogenesis of PD
2.2.1 PD-Related Genes and Autophagy
2.2.2 Oxidative Damage, Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Autophagy
2.2.3 Selective Autophagy
2.2.4 Lysosome Function and Autophagy
2.2.5 Synaptic Vesicle Trafficking and Autophagy
2.2.6 Neurotoxic Parkinson's Disease Model and Autophagy 2.3 Autophagy Regulation in PD Treatment
2.3.1 Small Molecular Autophagy Regulators in PD Models
2.3.2 Autophagy-Related Genes Regulation in PD Models
2.4 Conclusion
References
3 Autophagy and Motor Neuron Diseases
3.1 Introduction
3.2 SOD1 and Autophagy
3.2.1 Degradation of mSOD1 Protein
3.2.2 SOD1 and Autophagic Flux
3.3 TDP-43 and Autophagy
3.3.1 Degradation of TDP-43 Protein
3.3.2 Loss-of-Function
3.4 C9orf72 and Autophagy
3.4.1 Loss-of-Function of the C9orf72 Protein
3.4.2 RNA-Mediated Toxicity 3.4.3 Dipeptide Repeat Proteins Gain-of-Function Mechanism
3.4.4 C9orf72 and Autophagy
3.5 Other ALS-Related Genes and Autophagy
3.5.1 Ubiquilin-2
3.5.2 VCP
3.5.3 Sequestosome 1/P62
3.5.4 Optineurin (OPTN)
3.5.5 CHMP2B
3.5.6 TANK-binding enzyme 1 (TBK1)
3.5.7 Factor-Induced Gene 4 (FIG4)
3.6 Dysfunction of Autophagy in ALS
3.6.1 Altered Autophagy in SOD1-G93A Mice
3.6.2 Defects at Different Stages of Autophagy in ALS
3.6.3 Initiation Stage: Substrates Sequestration
3.6.4 Maturation Stage: Autophagosome-Lysosome Fusion 3.7 Therapeutic Effects of Autophagic Inducers on ALS
3.7.1 Lithium
3.7.2 Other Autophagic Inducers
3.8 Conclusion
References
4 Autophagy and Prion Disease
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Prion Diseases
4.2.1 The History of Prion Diseases
4.2.2 Prion and Related Disease
4.3 The Mechanism of Prion Disease
4.3.1 The Function of PrP
4.3.2 Prion-Like Protein
4.3.3 The Mechanism of Prion Protein Toxicity
4.4 The Function of Autophagy in Prion Diseases
4.4.1 The Discovery of Autophagy in Prion Diseases
4.4.2 Mechanisms of Autophagic Activation in Prion Diseases
4.4.3 The Intervention of Autophagy in Prion Diseases.