BookPaul C. Guest, editor.
Summary: The book recognizes that throughout the scientific, medical, and economic communities, new tests incorporating biomarkers are needed to improve the diagnosis of patients suffering from metabolic disorders. The early identification of those at risk of developing obesity will help to place these individuals on the best treatment course as early as possible for improved treatment outcomes. This will also help to cut costs incurred by the healthcare services. For all of this to occur, new research efforts are needed to identify novel biomarkers that can be used to predict the disease in the presymptomatic stage, for disease monitoring and for prediction of treatment response. It is also possible that new drug targets can be identified using these approaches which, in turn, can lead to the development of new treatment approaches. This volume also includes a series of reviews on biomarker discovery and usage in the study of diseases marked by perturbations in metabolism. It will describe the pros and cons of the various approaches and cover the successes and failures in this important research field.
Contents:
Intro; Preface; Contents; Contributors;
Chapter 1: Insulin Resistance in Schizophrenia; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Syndrome Associated with Antipsychotic Treatment; 1.3 Insulin Resistance in First Onset Antipsychotic Naive Schizophrenia Patients; 1.4 Effects of Insulin Resistance in Schizophrenia on Other Neuroendocrine Systems; 1.4.1 Growth Hormone; 1.4.2 Cortisol; 1.4.3 Gonadal Steroids; 1.4.4 Other Hormones; 1.5 Conclusions; References;
Chapter 2: Biogenesis of the Insulin Secretory Granule in Health and Disease; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Biosynthesis of Insulin 2.3 Secretion of the Insulin Secretory Granule Contents2.4 Insulin Secretory Granule Contents; 2.4.1 Chromogranin A; 2.4.2 PC1; 2.4.3 PC2; 2.4.4 CPH; 2.4.5 Other Insulin Secretory Granule Proteins; 2.5 Conclusions; References;
Chapter 3: Current Models of Fatty Liver Disease; New Insights, Therapeutic Targets and Interventions; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 NASH Pathogenesis; 3.3 Diet-Induced Models; 3.3.1 High Fat Diet (HFD); 3.3.2 Modified High Fat Diets; 3.3.3 Methionine- and Choline-Deficient Diet (MCD); 3.4 Mechanistic Insights, Susceptibility Factorsand Interventions 3.4.1 Mitochondrial Stress3.4.2 Oxidative Stress; 3.4.3 Inflammation; 3.4.4 Gut-Liver Axis and Microbiome; 3.5 Animal Models to Study Developmental Origins of NAFLD; 3.5.1 Rodents; 3.5.2 Non-human Primates; 3.5.3 Other Models; 3.6 Brain-Liver Axis; 3.7 Conclusions; References;
Chapter 4: Preclinical Models of Altered Early Life Nutrition and Development of Reproductive Disorders in Female Offspring; 4.1 Introduction; 4.1.1 Developmental Origins of Health and Disease; 4.1.2 The Importance of Preclinical Models; 4.1.3 Metabolic Effects on Reproductive Health; 4.2 Study Design 4.2.1 Animal Husbandry Guidelines4.2.2 Diets; 4.2.3 Preventing Bias; 4.2.4 Timing; 4.3 Animal Models; 4.3.1 Rodents; 4.3.2 Sheep; 4.3.3 Non-human Primates; 4.4 Models of Reproductive Dysfunction; 4.5 Early-Life Dietary Models and Reproductive Dysfunction; 4.5.1 Undernutrition; 4.5.1.1 Global Undernutrition; 4.5.1.2 Protein Restriction; 4.5.2 Maternal Overnutrition; 4.5.2.1 Single Source High-Fat Diet; 4.5.2.2 Other Single Nutrient Diets; 4.5.2.3 Cafeteria Diet; 4.5.3 Surgical Interventions; 4.6 Conclusions; References