Section I. Introduction -- Section II. Pathophysiology -- Section III. Diagnostic Strategy -- Section IV. Subtypes of Acute Encephalopathy -- Section V. Subtypes of Acute Encephalitis -- Section VI. Encephalopathy/Encephalitis With Refractory Epileptic Status: Rima Nabbout -- Section VII. Management of Acute Encephalopathy and Encephalitis.