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  • Book
    Antonio Carbone, Giovanni Palleschi, Antonio Luigi Pastore, Aurel Messas, editors.
    Contents:
    Functional Anatomy of the Pelvic Organs
    Preoperative Assessment and Intraoperative Anesthesiologic Care in Miniinvasive Laparoscopic Surgery
    Preserving Continence During Laparoscopic (LRP) or Robot Assisted Radical Prostatectomy (RARP)
    Selecting Patients for Continent or Incontinent, Heterotopic or Orthotopic Diversion
    Robot Assisted Radical Cystectomy and Totally Intracorporeal Urinary Diversions
    Treating Incontinence After Prostatectomy & Cystectomy: Role of Advanced Minimally Invasive Surgery
    Preserving Sexual Function and Continence During Radical Hysterectomy
    Preserving Sexual Function and Continence During Radical Rectal Surgery
    Psychosexual Issues and Quality of Life After Oncologic Pelvic Surgery, with Focus on Cervical Cancer
    Neurogenic Voiding Dysfunction: Physiopathology and Classification
    Treatment of Pelvic Chronic Pain: Multidisciplinary Approach
    Bladder Outlet Obstruction (BOO) and Neurodegenerative Disease: When is Surgery Mandatory? Botulinum Toxin Bladder Injection in the Treatment of Neurogenic Detrusor Overactivity and Idiopathic OAB
    Bladder Augmentation: Is There an Indication for Mini-Invasive Surgical Approach?
    Digital Access Springer 2016
  • Article
    Beaman BL.
    Infect Immun. 1977 Mar;15(3):925-37.
    The interaction of Nocardia asteroides with cultured "normal" nonimmune rabbit alveolar macrophages was studied by light and electron microscopy. It was shown that the alveolar macrophage response to the more virulent strain (N. asteroides 14759) was quite different from the response to the less virulent organism (N. asteroides 10905). N. asteroides 14759 elicited a dramatic in vitro response of the macrophages toward the nocardial infection. Within a few hours postinfection, there was a migration of macrophages toward other cells actively infected with viable nocardia, so that at 6 h considerable macrophage aggregation on the cover slips had occurred. Many of the macrophages within these aggregates exhibited tight cell-to-cell contact, whereas others were observed to fuse, forming multinucleate giant cells, with many containing more than 10 nuclei. Upon continued incubation, these giant cells appeared to destroy the intracellular nocardia, so that, at 24 h postinfection, gram-positive, ultrastructurally intact bacteria could not be observed. At the same time, some of the macrophage aggregates that did not fuse appeared to be unable to stop the intracellular growth of nocardia. At 12 to 24 h large numbers of gram-positive, acid-fast filaments were observed growing out from within these macrophage aggregates. The macrophage response seemed dependent upon the strain of Nocardia infecting them, since N. asteroides 10905 did not induce a similar response within the macrophage population.
    Digital Access Access Options