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  • Article
    Wu M, Wang L, Song L, Liu B, Liu Y, Bi J, Liu Q, Chen K, Li Y, Xia W, Xu S, Cao Z, Zhou A, Tian Y, Wang Y.
    Chemosphere. 2021 Feb;265:129025.
    BACKGROUND: Thallium is a widely known toxic heavy metal that has been reported have embryo toxicity.
    OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the relationship of prenatal thallium exposure with neonatal telomere length.
    METHODS: A total of 746 mother-newborn pairs were recruited from Wuhan Children Hospital between November 2013 and March 2015 in Wuhan City, China. Maternal thallium exposure levels were measured in spot urine samples collected during the three trimesters and during hospital delivery using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Neonatal relative telomere length (rTL) was measured by a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay in cord blood. Multiple informant models were used to evaluate the association of maternal thallium exposure with neonatal rTL.
    RESULTS: After adjustment for multiple potential confounders, each 25% incremental increase of maternal thallium exposure, measured in urine samples collected during hospital delivery, was associated with a 1.85% shortened neonatal rTL (95% CI: -3.62%, -0.05%; P = 0.044). Similarly, mothers in the highest quartile of urinary thallium exposure had a 11.74% (95% CI: -21.57%, -0.68%; P = 0.038) shorter cord blood leukocyte rTL than those in the lowest quartile. However, no significant association was found between neonatal rTL and maternal thallium exposure measured in urine samples collected during the three trimesters of pregnancy.
    CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals that prenatal thallium exposure was related to shortened neonatal telomere length in Chinese population, pointing to the important role of thallium exposure in accelerating biological aging.
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  • Article
    Lin H, Taniyasu S, Yamazaki E, Wu R, Lam PKS, Eun H, Yamashita N.
    J Hazard Mater. 2022 08 05;435:129025.
    Given that only a small number of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are routinely monitored, levels of PFAS in the atmosphere may be underestimated. A protocol including analyses of target PFAS (n = 50), water-soluble fluoride, and total fluorine has been proposed and applied to atmospheric samples. The whole method recovery (including extraction recovery and sampling efficiency) of 90-110% were obtained for the majority of compounds (48/50) with low deviations between replicates (< 20%). Fluorotelomer alcohols were the most prevalent PFAS in the indoor air, while the outdoor air was dominated by the ultrashort-chain ionic PFAS (e.g., trifluoroacetic acid and perfluoropropanoic acid). Concentrations of organofluorine (OF) compounds calculated from the fluorine mass balance ranged from 1.74 ng F/m3 to 14.3 ng F/m3 and from 52.0 ng F/m3 to 1100 ng F/m3 in the particulate and gaseous phases, respectively, whereas only a minor proportion (around 1%) could be explained by target PFAS. In indoor air, OF compounds were observed in relatively high levels and with a shift to the fine particles (PM<1) . Our results reveal a large proportion of unidentified OF signatures in the atmosphere and suggest the need to use multiple approaches to improve our understanding of airborne fluorinated substances.
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  • Article
    Hussain N, Pu H, Sun DW.
    Food Chem. 2021 Jul 15;350:129025.
    Silver-coated gold nanoparticles (Au@AgNPs) were optimized with different gold (Au) core sizes and modified surface with mercaptooctane (MCO) to determine fungicide residues in pear fruit extracts. The developed MCO/Au@AgNPs with a gold core size of 28 nm and silver shell thickness of 6 nm exhibited high sensitivity and significant enhancement of Raman scattering in detecting tricyclazole (TCZ) and thiram fungicides in standard and pear fruit samples. The detection limits for TCZ and thiram in the pear fruit extracts were 0.005 and 0.003 ppm with coefficients of determination of (R2) of 0.9984 and 0.9971, percent recovery ranging from 82.7 to 107.4% and 80.7 to 109.8%, and relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.5 to 7.9% and 3.7 to 9.5%, respectively. Results showed that this easily prepared method could be employed as SERS active platforms for the rapid assessment of trace contaminants of agrochemicals in agriculture production.
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  • Article
    Chen Y, Gao K, Quan X, Zhang J.
    Bioresour Technol. 2023 Jul;379:129025.
    The production of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) from lignocelluloses with conjugated acid-base system is highly efficient. However, XOS production from wheat straw with conjugated system of acetic acid/sodium acetate (HAc/NaAc) has not been reported. In addition, the impact of delignification of wheat straw for XOS production was not clear. In this study, the optimal conditions for HAc/NaAc hydrolysis were: 0.4 M, molar ratio 10:1, 170 °C, and 60 min. The yield of XOS could be rose to 50.2% after the HAc/NaAc hydrolysate was hydrolyzed using xylanase. After 70.3% of lignin in wheat straw was removed by hydrogen peroxide-acetic acid treatment, the XOS yield of delignified wheat straw using HAc/NaAc reached 54.7%. Finally, a glucose yield of 96.6% was gained by cellulase from wheat straw solid. This work suggested that HAc/NaAc hydrolysis could efficiently produce XOS from wheat straw and the delignification of wheat straw was conducive to XOS and monosaccharides production.
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  • Article
    Kirkpatrick BW, Morris CA.
    PLoS One. 2015;10(6):e0129025.
    Half-sib daughters sired by a bull believed to be a carrier of a major gene for high ovulation rate were evaluated for ovulation rate and genotyped in an effort to both test the hypothesis of segregation of a major gene and to map the gene's location. A total of 131 daughters were produced over four consecutive years at a University of Wisconsin-Madison research farm. All were evaluated for ovulation rate over an average of four estrous cycles using transrectal ultrasonography. The sire and all daughters were genotyped using a 3K SNP chip and the genotype and phenotype data were used in a linkage analysis. Subsequently, daughters recombinant within the QTL region and the sire were genotyped successively with 50K and 777K SNP chips to refine the location of the causative polymorphism. Positional candidate genes within the fine-mapped region were examined for polymorphism by Sanger sequencing of PCR amplicons encompassing coding and 5' and 3' flanking regions of the genes. Sire DNA was used as template in the PCR reactions. Strong evidence of a major gene for ovulation rate was observed (p < 1 x 10(-28)) with the gene localized to bovine chromosome 10. Fine-mapping subsequently reduced the location to a 1.2 Mb region between 13.6 and 14.8 Mb on chromosome 10. The location identified does not correspond to that for any previously identified major gene for ovulation rate. This region contains three candidate genes, SMAD3, SMAD6 and IQCH. While candidate gene screening failed to identify the causative polymorphism, three polymorphisms were identified that can be used as a haplotype to track inheritance of the high ovulation rate allele in descendants of the carrier sire.
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  • Book
    William Pai-Dei Chen ; illustrations by Paul Kim and Sara Jarret.
    Summary: Regarded as the "go-to" reference on this complex and intricate procedure, Dr. William P.D. Chen’s Asian Blepharoplasty and the Eyelid Crease, 4th Edition, has been thoroughly revised to include the most up-to-date and authoritative information you need to expand your practice or refine your skills. Ideal for plastic surgeons, ophthalmologists, and cosmetic dermatologic surgeons, this unique multimedia resource offers comprehensive coverage of eyelid anatomy, surgical approaches, and revision surgery-all highlighted by more than 450 step-by-step illustrations and a comprehensive video program that provide operative guidance and illustrate patient outcomes over time. Revised throughout with updated case examples, select new patient photos, and updated coverage based on the recent literature. Eight new chapters, including Visual, Physiological and Aesthetic Factors Affecting Outcome in Asian Blepharoplasty; Techniques, Principles, and Benchmarks in Asian Blepharoplasty; Depth of Upper Lid Crease Construction in Asian Blepharoplasty; Ratios and Proportions in Double-Eyelid Segments; The Eyelid Crease Height, Depth, and Shape: A Scoring System for Revisional Asian Blepharoplasty; Failure Analysis in Asian Blepharoplasty; An Intraoperative Primer: Paths, Pitfalls, and Solutions in Asian Blepharoplasty (Incisional Methods), and A Deeper Interpretation of the Asian Blepharoplasty Technique of Trapezoidal Debulking and Clearance of Preaponeurotic Space. Contains a new paradigm of scoring suboptimal findings based on eyelid crease height, depth, and crease shape, providing realistic assessment and comparison. Step-by-step instructions for optimizing the biodynamics for eyelid crease formation; how to eliminate the prominent medial upper lid fold; removing tissues as a trapezoidal block using minimized steps; and much more. Expanded guidance on managing complications integrated throughout, with surgical pearls and summative boxes where relevant. High-quality, full-color artwork shows three-dimensional representations of key anatomy and procedural steps. Extensive collection of case studies, with before and after patient photos; plus practice worksheets, appendix tables, comprehensive references, and pearls and pitfalls throughout. Features a comprehensive video program including 18 primary surgery cases, 12 revisional surgery cases, 10 "short step" videos, 6 concept videos, and 22 edited compilations of video clips depicting how to approach each procedural step across a range of patient cases. An eBook version is included with purchase. The eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures and references, with the ability to search, customize your content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud.
    Digital Access ClinicalKey [2025]