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- ArticleBlackford SJI, Yu TTL, Norman MDA, Syanda AM, Manolakakis M, Lachowski D, Yan Z, Guo Y, Garitta E, Riccio F, Jowett GM, Ng SS, Vernia S, Del Río Hernández AE, Gentleman E, Rashid ST.Biomaterials. 2023 02;293:121982.Human pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocytes (hPSC-Heps) may be suitable for treating liver diseases, but differentiation protocols often fail to yield adult-like cells. We hypothesised that replicating healthy liver niche biochemical and biophysical cues would produce hepatocytes with desired metabolic functionality. Using 2D synthetic hydrogels which independently control mechanical properties and biochemical cues, we found that culturing hPSC-Heps on surfaces matching the stiffness of fibrotic liver tissue upregulated expression of genes for RGD-binding integrins, and increased expression of YAP/TAZ and their transcriptional targets. Alternatively, culture on soft, healthy liver-like substrates drove increases in cytochrome p450 activity and ureagenesis. Knockdown of ITGB1 or reducing RGD-motif-containing peptide concentration in stiff hydrogels reduced YAP activity and improved metabolic functionality; however, on soft substrates, reducing RGD concentration had the opposite effect. Furthermore, targeting YAP activity with verteporfin or forskolin increased cytochrome p450 activity, with forskolin dramatically enhancing urea synthesis. hPSC-Heps could also be successfully encapsulated within RGD peptide-containing hydrogels without negatively impacting hepatic functionality, and compared to 2D cultures, 3D cultured hPSC-Heps secreted significantly less fetal liver-associated alpha-fetoprotein, suggesting furthered differentiation. Our platform overcomes technical hurdles in replicating the liver niche, and allowed us to identify a role for YAP/TAZ-mediated mechanosensing in hPSC-Hep differentiation.
- ArticleKariper IA, Üstündağ Z, Caglayan MO.Talanta. 2021 Apr 01;225:121982.A sensitive and selective, aptamer and spectroscopic ellipsometry based sensor is reported here for the early diagnosis of breast cancer, which is a common type of cancer following lung cancer. It was aimed to develop a single-step and label-free assay for the sensitive and selective detection of VEGF165. To this end, two different aptamers and spectroscopic ellipsometry were used. In the presented study, by determining the appropriate aptamer immobilization conditions, the spectroscopic ellipsometry technique was successfully applied for the detection of VEGF165 at the range of 1 pM-1000 pM in the buffer. Aptasensors have a detection limit of 5.81 pM and 4.29 pM, respectively.
- ArticleWu H, Li W, Liang Z, Gan T, Hu H, Huang Z, Qin Y, Zhang Y.Carbohydr Polym. 2024 Jun 01;333:121982.The production of high-performance starch-based packaging films by extrusion blowing is challenging, ascribed to poor processability of the blend precursors. In this study, a new strategy of mechanical activation (MA)-enhanced metal-organic coordination was proposed to improve the processability of starch (St)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blend precursor, with calcium acetate (CA) as a chelating agent and glycerol as a plasticizer. MA pretreatment activated the hydroxyl groups of starch and PVA for constructing strong metal-organic coordination between CA and St/PVA during reactive extrusion, which effectively enhanced the melt processing properties of the blend precursor, contributing to the fabrication of high-performance St/PVA films by the extrusion-blowing method. The as-prepared St/PVA films exhibited excellent mechanical properties (tensile strength of 34.5 MPa; elongation at break of 271.8 %), water vapor barrier performance (water vapor permeability of 0.704 × 10-12 g·cm-1·s-1·Pa-1), and oxygen barrier performance (oxygen transmission rate of 0.7 cm3/(m2·day·bar)), along with high transmittance and good uniformity. These outstanding characteristics and performances can be attributed to the improved interfacial interaction and compatibility between the two matrix phases. This study uncovers the mechanism of MA-enhanced metal-organic coordination for improving the properties of starch-based films, which provides a convenient and eco-friendly technology for the preparation of high-performance biodegradable films.
- ArticleLu Y, Xiao Y, Zheng G, Lu J, Zhou L.J Hazard Mater. 2020 03 15;386:121982.Sulfate radical (SO4-)-based conditioning methods, such as zero-valent iron (ZVI, i.e., Fe0) or ferrous iron (Fe2+) activated peroxydisulfate (S2O82-), have recently developed to improve sludge dewaterability, but it remains unclear how they impact the intracellular and extracellular antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in sewage sludge. In this study, it was found that conditioning treatments that used ZVI/S2O82- or Fe2+/S2O82- system, at an acidic initial sludge pH, removed the intracellular ARGs and intI1 and the extracellular intI1 from sewage sludge, but led to the accumulation of extracellular ARGs of aadA-01, aadA-02, aadA1, aadA2-03, and strB in conditioned sludge. During sludge conditioning with ZVI/S2O82- or Fe2+/S2O82-, bacterial hosts of ARGs and intI1 were seriously lysed to release the intracellular ARGs and intI1 to the extracellular environment, thus removing intracellular ARGs and intI1 in sludge, while the released ARGs and intI1 were primarily degraded by the produced SO4- to attenuate most extracellular ARGs and intI1. However, the relatively lower degradation ability of SO4- for extracellular ARGs of aadA-01, aadA-02, aadA1, aadA2-03, and strB led to their accumulation in conditioned sludge. Therefore, SO4--based conditioning methods can be employed to reduce ARGs in sludge, but the subsequent treatment of sludge dewatering filtrate requires more attention.
- ArticleLi S, Jia S, Liu Y, Li R.J Environ Manage. 2024 Sep;367:121982.The continuous deepening of aging has posed new challenges for global sustainable development. Measuring the impact of population aging on carbon emissions is crucial for the next stage of climate governance. However, the structural changes in social production and consumption make it difficult to evaluate the impact effects. Therefore, this study constructed a bidirectional fixed Space Durbin Model to explore the mediating pathway of aging's impact on carbon emissions. Furthermore, we have established high-precision prediction models to simulate the evolution trajectory of carbon emissions under multi-factor driving scenarios. The main findings are as follows: (1) The process of carbon emission reduction due to population aging has significant energy hindrance effect and industrial structure effect, while the process of carbon growth is constrained by the consumption enhancement effect, technology progress effect and labor participation effect. (2) The moderating effects of energy consumption and technological innovation on carbon emissions under the aging process are 10.74% and 10.24%, respectively, while the moderating effects of industrial structure and labor force participation are relatively weak. (3) The goodness of fit of the MNGM-ARIMA and MNGM-BPNN models is over 97%. Carbon emissions in the high aging regions show a decreasing trend in all scenarios except the energy consumption-driven scenario, while in the medium and low aging regions decrease slowly only in the R&D- and labor supply-driven scenarios. This study advocates developing heterogeneous emission reduction measures based on the degree of aging, accelerating supply side upgrading, and increasing the proportion of green consumption.
- ArticleXia F, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Li Q, Zhao M, He H, Bao Q, Chen B, He Q, Lai C, He X, Ma Z, Zhou Y.Water Res. 2024 Sep 01;261:121982.In recent years, the global carbon cycle has garnered significant research attention. However, details of the intricate relationship between planktonic bacteria, hydrochemistry, and dissolved organic matter (DOM) in inland waters remain unclear, especially their effects on lake carbon sequestration. In this study, we analyzed 16S rRNA, chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), and inorganic nutrients in Erhai Lake, Yunnan Province, China. The results revealed that allochthonous DOM (C3) significantly regulated the microbial community, and that autochthonous DOM, generated via microbial mineralization (C2), was not preferred as a food source by lake bacteria, and neither was allochthonous DOM after microbial mineralization (C4). Specifically, the correlation between the fluorescence index and functional genes (FAPRPTAX) showed that the degree of utilization of DOM was a critical factor in regulating planktonic bacteria associated with the carbon cycle. Further examination of the correlation between environmental factors and planktonic bacteria revealed that Ca2+ had a regulatory influence on the community structure of planktonic bacteria, particularly those linked to the carbon cycle. Consequently, the utilization strategy of DOM by planktonic bacteria was also determined by elevated Ca2+ levels. This in turn influenced the development of specific recalcitrant autochthonous DOM within the high Ca2+ environment of Erhai Lake. These findings are significant for the exploration of the stability of DOM within karst aquatic ecosystems, offering a new perspective for the investigation of terrestrial carbon sinks.
- ArticleDas B, Samal S, Hamdi H, Pal A, Biswas A, Behera J, Singh G, Behera CK, Sahoo DP, Pati S.Life Sci. 2023 Sep 15;329:121982.Dengue virus (DENV) causes debilitating disease in humans, which varies at different rates in host cells, such as monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, Langerhans cells, and other cell types. Such heterogeneity in DENV infection in cells could be attributed to a range of factors, including host cell immune response, anti-viral cellular proteins, and virus mediated cellular autophagy. This review delineates an important feature of every cell, the unfolded protein response (UPR) that is attributed to the accumulation of several viral and unfolded/misfolded proteins, such as in DENV infection. UPR is a normal process to counteract endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress that leads to cell autophagy; though the phenomenon is markedly upregulated during DENV infection. This could be attributed to the uncontrolled activation of the key UPR signaling pathways: inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endoribonuclease 1 (IRE1), protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), and activating transcription factor-6 (ATF6), which promote cell autophagy under normal and diseased conditions through the downstream regulation of apoptosis promoting factors such as X-box binding protein (XBP1), GADD34, and ATF-6. Because DENV can modulate these signaling cascades, by promoting dysregulated cell autophagy, the ER stress mediated UPR pathways and the inherent agents could play an important role in delineating the severity of dengue infection with a potential for developing DENV targeted therapeutics.
- ArticleLi L, He M, Fang C, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Song X, Zou Y, Jia R, Liang X, Yin L, Lv C, Wan H, Zhao X, Yin Z.Int J Pharm. 2022 Aug 25;624:121982.1,8-cineole (1,8-CIN) is a monoterpene that has significant inhibitory effects on dermatophytes. However, its volatile and difficult to stay in the skin have been the major limitation against its use. The aim of this study was to increase the deposition amount of 1,8-CIN in the skin and enhance its targeting to the skin surface. In the present study, 1,8-cineole nanoemulsion (1,8-CIN-NE) was prepared by the Water Titration method. Then, 1,8-cineole nanoemulsion gel (1,8-CIN-NG) was prepared by mixing 1,8-CIN-NE with gel substrates. Finally, its characterization, stability, in vitro antifungal activity, skin irritation, and transdermal properties were evaluated. The optimal 1,8-CIN-NG was around 21 nm in size with a high degree of monodispersity and the nanoemulsion droplets were surrounded by gridded gel substrates. 1,8-CIN-NG maintained excellent stability under various conditions and had no skin irritation. 1,8-CIN-NG had a significant inhibitory effect on dermatophytes. Nanoemulsion gel (NG) increased the deposition of 1,8-CIN in the skin. The histopathological evaluation indicated that 1,8-CIN-NG treatment group showed less morphological changes in the skin than the 1,8-CIN-NE or 1,8-CIN alone groups. This result is consistent with the results of the skin irritation test slight, indicating that 1,8-CIN-NG is a safe topical preparation. These results suggested that 1,8-CIN-NG can be used as an efficient agent to manage dermatophytes infections.
- ArticlePolińska W, Kotowska U, Karpińska J, Piotrowska-Niczyporuk A.Environ Pollut. 2023 Sep 01;332:121982.Phytoremediation of benzotriazoles (BTR) from waters by floating macrophytes is not well understood, but it seems to have the potential to be used in conjunction with conventional wastewater treatment plants. The effectiveness of removing four compounds from the benzotriazole group by floating plants Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid. And Azolla caroliniana Willd. From the model solution, was studied. The observed decrease in the concentration of studied compounds was in the range 70.5%-94.5% using S. polyrhiza, and from 88.3% to 96.2% for A. caroliniana. It was determined using chemometric methods that the effectiveness of the phytoremediation process is mainly influenced by three parameters: exposure time to light, pH of the model solution and the mass of plants. Using the design of experiments (DoE) chemometric approach, the optimal conditions for removing BTR were selected: plant weight 2.5 g and 2 g, light exposure 16 h and 10 h, and pH 9 and pH 5 for S. polyrhiza and A. caroliniana, respectively. Studies on the mechanisms of BTR removal have shown that the reduction in concentration is mainly due to the process of plant uptake. Toxicity studies have proved that the tested BTR affected the growth of S. polyrhiza and A. caroliniana and induced changes in the levels of chlorophyllides, chlorophylls as well as carotenoids. More dramatic loss in plant biomass and photosynthetic pigment contents was observed in A. caroliniana cultures exposed to BTR.
- ArticleChaudhary S, Sharma PC.PLoS One. 2015;10(3):e0121982.Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), an important plant species of Indian Himalayas, is well known for its immense medicinal and nutritional value. The plant has the ability to sustain growth in harsh environments of extreme temperatures, drought and salinity. We employed DeepSAGE, a tag based approach, to identify differentially expressed genes under cold and freeze stress in seabuckthorn. In total 36.2 million raw tags including 13.9 million distinct tags were generated using Illumina sequencing platform for three leaf tissue libraries including control (CON), cold stress (CS) and freeze stress (FS). After discarding low quality tags, 35.5 million clean tags including 7 million distinct clean tags were obtained. In all, 11922 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including 6539 up regulated and 5383 down regulated genes were identified in three comparative setups i.e. CON vs CS, CON vs FS and CS vs FS. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway analysis were performed to assign gene ontology term to DEGs and ascertain their biological functions. DEGs were mapped back to our existing seabuckthorn transcriptome assembly comprising of 88,297 putative unigenes leading to the identification of 428 cold and freeze stress responsive genes. Expression of randomly selected 22 DEGs was validated using qRT-PCR that further supported our DeepSAGE results. The present study provided a comprehensive view of global gene expression profile of seabuckthorn under cold and freeze stresses. The DeepSAGE data could also serve as a valuable resource for further functional genomics studies aiming selection of candidate genes for development of abiotic stress tolerant transgenic plants.
- ArticleUgur MS, Çatık AN, Sigeze C, Balli E.Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Dec;30(58):121960-121982.This paper investigates the time-varying effects of fossil fuel consumption on CO2 emissions in India utilizing the time-varying cointegration test, allowing for multivariate long-run time-varying cointegration parameter developed by Bierens and Martins (2010) and the time-varying vector autoregressive (TVP-VAR) model developed by Primiceri (2005). The long-run time-varying coefficients reveal that GDP has a positive and increasing impact on CO2 emissions over time. Moreover, results confirm the polluting effects of all fossil fuels. Besides, the TVP-VAR model findings also demonstrate that changes in income and fossil fuel consumption have a positive and significant impact on environmental degradation. Coal is found to be the most polluting fuel, followed by oil consumption. Furthermore, the time-varying responses show that increased natural gas consumption has the least influence when compared to other fossil fuels on CO2 emissions.
- ArticleDei Cas M, Paroni R, Saccardo A, Casagni E, Arnoldi S, Gambaro V, Saresella M, Mario C, La Rosa F, Marventano I, Piancone F, Roda G.J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2020 Oct 01;1154:121982.Short and medium fatty acids derived from either dietary sources, gut microbiota, and liver production might play a role in the modulation of metabolism and inflammation. The outcome of different autoimmune or inflammatory diseases could be related to microbiota composition and consequently fatty acids production. Their analytical detection, historically completed by GC, was herein investigated using a sensitive approach of LC-MS/MS with straightforward chemical derivatization, using 3-NPH, to the respective acylhydrazines. An isopropanol protein precipitation coupled to LC-MS/MS analysis allowed to separate and quantify butyric, valeric, hexanoic acid and their branched forms. The serum physiological ranges of short and medium chain fatty acids were determined in a heterogeneous healthy population (n = 54) from 18 to 85 years finding a concentration of 935.6 ± 246.5 (butyric), 698.8 ± 204.7 (isobutyric), 62.9 ± 15.3 (valeric), 1155.0 ± 490.4 (isovaleric) and 468.7 ± 377.5 (hexanoic) ng/mL respectively (mean ± SD). As expected, the biological levels in human serum are reasonably wide-ranging depending on several factors such as body-weight, gut microbiome dysbiosis, gut permeability, cardiometabolic dysregulation, and diet.
- Bookedited by Cathy Laver-Bradbury [and three others].Summary: "This textbook provides an overview of child and adolescent mental health. The text covers all core aspects on the subject, from the importance of knowing why mental health in children is important, to how to assess, formulate and treat a variety of presentations seen in children and young people. Beginning with an overview of conditions and the background to emotional and behavioral problems, the book examines the different models and tools used to assess and treat children and young people and provides an outline of the practitioners working to help this population. Chapters consider the many diverse identities and groups within the population, addressing specific problems encountered in children, young people and their families from different cultural backgrounds. This revised edition addresses issues of current public debate such as gender identity and the role of social media in children and young people's development and behavior. Featuring authors from a variety of clinical and research backgrounds, this fully-revised third edition is an important resource for all professionals working with children, young people, and their families, including student and practitioner psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, mental health nurses and social care specialists"-- Provided by publisher.
Contents:
An introduction to children and young people's mental health. A brief history of child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) to the present day / Christopher Gale and Margaret J.J. Thompson
The conceptual basis of mental health practice / Carlos Hoyos
Medico-legal frameworks in making treatment decisions with children and young people / Suyog Dhakras
Safeguarding within child and adolescent mental health services / Siobhan West
Policy and practice in children and young people's mental health / Pathiba Chitsabesan and Bernidka Dubicka
Commissioning services / Stephanie Ramsey
The physical and psychological development of children and young people. Attachment theory / Christopher Gale
Piaget's stages of cognitive development and Erikson's stages of psychosocial development / Margaret J.J. Thompson
Emotion processing in child and adolescent psychopathology / Georgia Chronaki
Emotional literacy in the education context / Helena Hoyos
Assessing paediatric development in psychiatry / Catherine Thompson
Genetics / Joanne Doherty and Anita Thapar
Cognitive assessment in children and young people / Anastasia Sedikides
Mental health and behavioural issues in children and young people with a learning disability / Chris Hardie [and three others]
Speech and language disorders / Janet Stephens
Feeding/eating problems in young children / Liz McCaughey, Sue Evans and Margaret J.J. Thompson
Constipation and soiling ; Enuresis / Melissa Bracewell ; updated by Margaret J.J. Thompson
Behavioural sleep problems in children and adolescents / Catherine Hill
Epilepsy / Salvatore Rototendo and Margaret J.J. Thompson
Chronic health conditions and mental well-being in children and young people / Julie Waine ; updated by Christopher Gale
Sexual orientation / Charlotte Young ; updated by Christopher Gale
Gender dysphoria in children and young people / Hannah Stynes, Martin McColl and Ellis Kennedy
Cultural competence in working with children, young people and families / Karen Davies ; updated by Christopher Gale
Young carers / Charlotte Pyatt ; updated by Christopher Gale
Young carers from Black Asian minority ethnic (BAME) communities / Julia Pelle
Trauma. Managing grief, loss and bereavement / Sue Ricketts
Developmental trauma / Val Forster
The effect of childhood maltreatment on brain development / Dennis Golm and Jana Kreppner
Asylum seekers, refugees and homeless young people / Pam Campbell, Ann Spooner and Sarah Gale
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) / Alex Christie
The assessment of children and young people's mental health. Making sense of behaviour / Carlos Hoyos
Child and adolescent mental health assessment / Margaret J.J. Thompson, Cathy Laver-Bradbury and Chris Gale
Genograms / Christine M. Hooper
Family assessment / Andrew O'Toole and Anne Brewster
Parenting styles and family scripts / Christine M. Hooper
Transition / Cathy Laver-Bradbury
Mental health issues presenting in children and young people. Epidemiology : summary of Mental health of children and young people in England (2017) / Margaret J.J. Thompson
Autistic spectrum conditions / Jeremy Turk
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder / Margaret J.J. Thompson [and three others]
Juvenile disruptive behaviour disorders : oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD) / Graeme Fairchild ; updated by Lucy Wilford
Tic disorders and Tourette Syndrome / Valerie Brandt and Samuele Cortese
Depression in children and young people / Anna Gibson
Bipolar disorder in children and young people / Cara Sturgess
Fear and anxiety / Julie Hadwin and Roxanne Magdalena
OCD and related disorders / Phill Nagle, Christopher Gale and Jo Barker
Psychosis in children and young people / Tony James and Lakshmeesh Muttur Somasheekar
Eating disorders / Jo Barker and Lynne Oldman
Somatoform and related disorders in children and young people / Sally Wicks
Chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis in children and young people / Sally Wicks ; updated by Margaret J.J. Thompson
School attendance problems / Helen Carlow
Addictions / Jack Groom
Screen-based activities and social media / Vicki Bright and Cathy Laver-Bradbury
Self-harm and suicide / Anthony Crabb ; edited by Margaret J.J. Thompson, with material from Suyog Dhakras and Julie Waine
Therapeutic approaches to working with children, young people and their families. General principles of clinical psychopharmacology in children and adolescents : a practical guide / Samuele Cortese
Creative therapies (art and play) / Margaret Josephs [and three others]
Child and adolescent psychotherapy / Miranda Passey
Counselling children and young people / Jacquie Kelly
Cognitive behavioural therapy / Sarah Mottram
Cognitive analytic therapy (CAT) / Sally Gray and Di Glackin
Dialectical behavioural therapy / Laura Nisbet
Theory and practice of behaviour modification / Hannah Kovshoff and Jayne Muldowney
Social stories / Liz Smith
Family therapy models and practice / Monica Roman-Morales and Christine M. Hooper
Brief solution-focussed therapy / Jonathan Prosser
Narrative therapy / Andrew O'Toole and Anne Brewster
The open dialogue approach / Cathy Laver-Bradbury and Monica Roman-Morales
The group process / Stuart Gemmell and Cathy Laver-Bradbury
Theoretical underpinnings in parent-led interventions to treat psychopathology in children / Catherine Thompson, Margaret J.J. Thompson and Cathy Laver-Bradbury
Parenting programmes / Cathy Laver-Bradbury
Making sense of available services. Early access : self-help for children, young people and families with mental health difficulties / Melissa McKimm and Christopher Gale
Early access : feel the fear and do it anyway : setting up a volunteer support group / Gill Waring
Early access : overview of third-sector support for children, young people and their families / Christopher Gale and Alice Mooney
Early access : health visiting service / Naomi Pang
Early access : family nurse partnership : a Southampton model / Diane Henty and Kirsteen Anderssen ; updated by Andrea Thwaites
Early access : primary mental health in the community / Margaret J.J. Thompson and Roy Smith
Early access : the development and practice of ELSA / Sheila Burton
Early access : emotional literacy and first aid in schools / Helena Hoyos
Early access : a CAMHS' single point of access : Nottingham City's whole system model / Anna Masding
Specialist services : child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) / Cathy Laver-Bradbury
Specialist services : forensic child and adolescent psychiatry / Suyog Dhakras, Jonathan Bigg and Alison Wallis
Building resilience and strength (BRS) / Michelle Simmonds
Specialist services : secure adolescent inpatient / Oliver White
Specialist services : acute inpatient / Holli McGloughlin
Specialist services : an inpatient unit for children with complex health needs / Sally Wicks ; updated by Margaret J.J. Thompson
Specialist services : role of the educational psychologist / Helena Hoyos and Lucy Manger
Specialist services : education for children with autism spectrum disorders and social stories for parents of autistic children / Sandra Teale ; updated by Margaret J.J. Thompson
Specialist services : working with children in care and residential schools (a whole service/systems approach to emotion-regulation) / Cathie O'Brien
Social care provision for children and families in CAMHS : the importance of the role of a social worker within CAMHS teams...without becoming a therapist / Gabrielle Loades.