Books

Contains a database of approximately 70,000 reactions and 4000 of the most frequently consulted reagents. Fully searchable by structure and sub-structure, reagent, reaction type, experimental conditions, and keyword. Also includes a searchable interface: Acronym finder (an interface for Scientific and technical acronyms, symbols, and abbreviations).

Introduction to the ecosystem for two-sided markets, barriers and facilittors / V. Vimarlund and T. Mettler -- Patient safety and health information technology / E.M. Borycki and A.W. Kushniruk -- Usability of healthcare information technology / A.W. Kushniruk and E.M. Borycki -- Inclusive design in ecosystems / J. Mitchell and J. Treviranus -- Privacy, trust and security in two-sided markets / P.S. Ruotsalainen -- Sustainable and viable introduction of tele-technologies in healthcare / L. Botin, P.Bertelsen and C. Nøhr -- Implementation and evaluation of e-health ecosystems in two-sided markets / P. Nykänen -- HIT implementation and coordinated care delivery from the perspective of multi-sided markets / C.E. Kuziemsky -- Explaining healthcare as a two-sided market using design patterns for IT-business models / M. Eurich and T. Mettler -- Business models in two-sided markets (analysis of potential paymants and reimbursement models that can be used) V. Vimarlund and T. Mettler -- The future of two-sided health markets / V. Vimarlund.

This book describes the use of telecommunication technologies to provide mental health services to individuals in communities or locations that are underserviced, typically as a result of their geographic isolation or due to cultural and/or linguistic barriers. The potential of the e-Mental Health approach is demonstrated in various mental health settings by describing concrete clinical examples and applications involving novel strategies for employing technology. Further, the book presents an approach to cooperation on a global level based on the exchange of expertise and knowledge across national boundaries. The target audience includes mental health workers (clinicians and staff members), medical and nursing students, academic researchers, technology professionals and health care policy makers.

This book is designed to meet the needs of nurse practitioners, other advanced practice nurses, and allied health professionals working in women's health, primary care, and other specialties. The multiple roles the clinician embraces in menopause management include that of direct caregiver, manager of therapeutics, educator, and interdisciplinary team member or leader. This book provides updated, evidence based information on the menopause transition from the late reproductive stage to post-menopause to optimize the interaction of the clinician and the individual woman in each of those roles. Women's lived experiences of menopause and women's concerns regarding both the menopause transition and the choice of care options are included as critical components of shared therapy decisions. The review of natural menopause physiology and the variability of menopause symptoms are inclusive of diverse women and diverse trajectories. The impact of menopause on chronic disease, sleep, weight and nutrition, mood and cognition, urogenital health and sexuality, as well as vasomotor symptoms are each developed as individual topics by experts in those fields. Evidence based management using hormonal and non-hormonal options, and life-style and other complementary interventions are discussed with the most updated advantages and disadvantages of each treatment option. Consistent with advanced practice nursing theory, the approach is whole patient focused.

Ear reconstruction is required in a variety of patients, including especially those with congenital anomalies and associated deformities. In this book, a renowned practitioner in ear reconstruction explains the approaches that he has personally developed over the past 40 years in order to improve surgical results and also presents important new concepts. The proposed techniques offer tailored solutions to specific problems and are applicable in settings including severe microtia, moderate microtia, anotia, traumatic amputation, and unsatisfactory prominent ear surgery. Complications during and after ear reconstruction are also discussed, with guidance on their treatment. Throughout the book, the aim of the author is to share the fruits of his extensive experience with fellow surgeons in an informative and practically oriented way. The clearly written text is complemented by numerous helpful color photographs.

Surgical anatomy of the ear -- The fundamentals of ear surgery -- The external ear -- Stapes surgery -- Tympanoplasty -- Ossiculoplasty -- Mastoidectomy -- Cholesteatoma -- The facial nerve -- Vestibular surgery -- Cochlear implants -- Temporal bone fractures, encephaloceles, and cerebrospinal fluid leaks -- Temporal bone resection -- The petrous apex -- Pulsatile tinnitus.

This casebook tackles the common psychiatric illnesses that physicians experience during these early stages of their careers. The cases carefully present guidelines for assessment and management, along with clinical pearls and resources for further reference. Written by experts in the field, the text is designed to be valuable for physicians engaged in medical education and training, and specifically for the psychiatrists who provide care for other physicians. Each chapter includes a unique case and discussion. Topics include: onset of a mood and or psychotic disorder, life transitions, trauma in care, physician suicide, anxiety, and other issues that are part of the experience of young adults developing their personal and professional identities.

Preliminaries -- Overview. Early detection of psychosis: state of the art and future perspectives -- Early intervention in emerging psychosis: state of the art and future perspectives -- Early detection of psychosis: clinical assessments. First signs of emerging psychosis -- Psychosis high-risk states in adolescents -- The psychosis high-risk state -- Early detection of psychosis: helpful or stigmatizing experience for those concerned? -- Early detection of psychosis: neuroimaging. Structural and functional MRI in the prediction of psychosis -- Pattern recognition methods in the prediction of psychosis -- Connectivity abnormalities in emerging psychosis -- Early detection of psychosis: neurocognitive and neurophysiological assessments. Neurocognition and motor functioning in the prediction of psychosis -- Electroencephalographic predictors of psychosis -- Early intervention in emerging psychosis. Psychological methods of early intervention in emerging psychosis -- Nonpharmalogical substances for early intervention -- Pharmacological intervention in first-episode psychosis -- Conclusions and future perspectives. early detection and intervention in psychosis.

Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a heterogeneous group of cancers that, if combined, represent one of the most common cancer types. Patients with HNC suffer significant morbidity and mortality due to the importance of the structures involved. Over two-thirds of these patients are diagnosed at a late stage, leading to a poor prognosis. Therefore, advancements in early detection and treatment of HNC are crucial. Volume I begins with a general overview, including the industry landscape, of HNC detection, diagnosis, and treatment. Next, it covers the applications of innovative technologies such as microfluidics, nanotechnology, and deep learning to early detect as well as study HNC. For example, studying the cellular features at a single-cell level became possible with the advancement of technologies such as mass cytometry or specifically, Cytometry by Time Of Flight Mass Spectrometry (CyTOF), which has revolutionized the way we can study complex human diseases such as HNC. Finally, the last few chapters are dedicated to describing the standard of care of HNC. The first volume of Early Detection and Treatment of Head & Neck Cancers is highly pertinent to the next generation of interdisciplinary clinicians, scientists, residents, and students who are particularly interested in HNC and in the translation of early detection methods, technologies, and research to clinical practice.

Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a heterogeneous group of cancers that, if combined, represent one of the most common cancer types. Patients with HNC suffer significant morbidity and mortality due to the importance of the structures involved. Over two-thirds of these patients are diagnosed at a late stage, leading to a poor prognosis. Therefore, advancements in early detection and treatment of HNC are crucial. This second volume provides an up-to-date overview of the theoretical background in the field of head and neck cancer (HNC) as well as of the emerging research that is impacting our understanding of this disease. The book begins with a comprehensive review of the epidemiology, etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, and staging of HNC. Next, it covers the essentials of potentially malignant disorders of the oral cavity, an important variety of HNC. Subsequently, it covers the newly emerging research in the field of HNC. The overall goal is to shift towards precision medicine (discussed in detail in Volume I), which will bring individualized clinical benefit to patients with HNC. This second volume of Early Detection and Treatment of Head & Neck Cancers concludes with the topic of chronic pain associated with HNC, including both the mechanisms of pain and the management strategies, and the emerging oral mucoadhesive drug delivery approach for HNC. All HNC surgeons, scientists, residents, and individuals whose lives have been touched by this disease, will recognize the impact pain has upon a patients health and his or her recovery trajectory.

Contents. - pt. 1. Embryos of the first five weeks (to stage 15).

"This Recent Results in Cancer Research volume provides an up-to-date overview of the multidisciplinary management of locally confined rectal cancer as well as colorectal cancer with synchronous resectable liver metastases. The contents comprise the majority of the invited contributions from the Second St. Gallen EORTC Gastrointestinal Cancer Conference, held on 6-8 March 2014 in St. Gallen, Switzerland. Written by some of the world's leading experts in the imaging, endoscopy, pathology, molecular biology, surgery, radiotherapy, and medical oncology of rectal cancer and liver metastases, the chapters offer a comprehensive view on the latest recommendations in diagnosis and multidisciplinary treatment. Every clinician involved in the care of patients with rectal cancer will find this book interesting and helpful."--Publisher's description.

From its start in 1909, all surgical and obstetrical anesthesia services at Stanford affiliated hospitals were provided by physician anesthesiologists. The first formal anesthesia residency training program in California was founded in 1937 at Stanford. Then in 1959 one of the nation’s earliest independent Departments of Anesthesiology was established at Stanford. Many of the most prominent anesthesiologists in the country came to work at Stanford. This book highlights the anesthesiologists on the faculty of the Stanford School of Medicine from 1909 until 1972, the final year of John Bunker’s tenure as the first Chair of the Department of Anesthesiology.

This first book of a two-volume series describes current research and state of the art clinical practice the shed light on the developmental origins of psychopathology in the first year of life, i.e. approximately up to the emergence of secondary intersubjectivity and/or walking. The second volume explores the interactional underpinnings of psychopathology in toddlerhood, from the time of voluntarily gross motor functioning to the emergence and basic organization of symbolic language at 24-30 months. A comprehensive approach is adopted, focusing on the fundamentally interactive nature of early development and examining interactions both with caregivers and more broadly with the socio-cultural environment. The books describe the processes involved in psychopathological trajectories and provide clinical insight into tailored, culturally sensitive therapeutic care in diverse environments. This volume discusses in detail situations placing the infant at risk and the nature of infant development, including communication, intersubjectivity, functional development, and affective and emotional development. Culturally and socially sensitive approaches to psychopathology are examined, with examples of specific infant- and family-centered therapies. Information on risk of abuse and neglect and infant protection policies is included.

Machine generated contents note: List of contributors -- Foreword -- Part I: The Rationale for Early Intervention in Nearly Everything -- 1 Introduction -- 2 How Early Intervention can turn things upside down and turn a patient into a psychiatrist -- 3 Involving the Family in Early Interventions -- 4 Do Early Intervention Services for Psychosis Represent Value for Money? -- Part II: Early Intervention across the Lifespan -- 5 Perinatal preventive interventions in psychiatry: A clinical perspective -- 6 Psychiatry and Intervention in Infancy and Early Childhood -- 7 Early Intervention for young people with mental illness -- 8 Transiting out of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services -- 9 Adults of working age -- 10 Early Intervention in Older Adults -- A focus on Alzheimer's Dementia -- Part III: Early Intervention in Specific Settings -- 11 Primary prevention of mental disorders -- 12 Early intervention in mental health problems: the role of the voluntary sector -- 13 Why primary care matters for early intervention in psychiatry -- 14 General hospitals -- 15 Early Intervention Services: Background, rationale and development -- Part IV: Early Intervention in Specific Disorders -- 16 Prevention and early intervention in depression and anxiety disorders -- 17 Alcohol and substance use prevention and early intervention -- 18 Early intervention in childhood disorders -- 19 Early intervention for Delirium -- 20 Early intervention for Self-harm -- 21 Early intervention in Bipolar disorder -- 22 Early intervention in Eating disorders -- 23 Early intervention to reduce violence and offending outcomes in young people with mental disorders -- 24 Early intervention for Borderline Personality Disorder -- Part V: Conclusions -- 25 Early intervention and The Power of Social Movements: UK development of early intervention in psychosis as a social movement and its implications for leadership -- 26 Challenging stigma -- 27 Conclusions including standards -- Afterword.

This book offers valuable insights into the latest concepts and findings from epidemiologic, clinical and basic studies in the burgeoning area of early-life environmental exposure and diseases. The book is divided into five parts, starting with an overview of environmental exposure measurement and evaluation, followed by a review of the effects of exposure to various substances like tobacco smoke, pesticides and metals as well as stress on offsprings health. It then discusses the developmental origins of a range of childhood diseases that affect growth, neural development and the immune system, and highlights the importance of longitudinal studies that measure exposure at potentially sensitive time points during childhood. It also provides up-to-date evidence of the intergenerational/transgenerational effects of early-life environmental exposure, especially via genetic and epigenetic pathways. Allowing readers to gain a thorough understanding of the predominating aspects of early-life environmental exposure and diseases, the book also provides a basis for developing environmental and health policies that could have wide and long-term impacts on human health.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the field of developmental programming of ageing phenotypes. Although gerontological research has traditionally focused on later stages of the life cycle, growing evidence indicates that both the rate of ageing-associated functional declines, and the risks of later-life chronic pathological conditions, can be traced to origins early in life. While other books in the field concentrate on the developmental origin of particular disorders, this volume offers a detailed guide to all important aspects of the role of early-life conditions in programming both chronic pathological conditions and the ageing process. Interest in the study of ageing and longevity had its beginnings in research on the fetal origins of adult disease. This has evolved into a hypothesis on the Developmental Origins of Adult Health and Disease (DOHaD), which postulates that adverse environmental exposures during critical in-utero and early postnatal stages of development may permanently change physiological responses and cause functional impairments and disorders in adult life. In this book, the contributing authors and leading experts from around the world, describe research on mechanisms underlying the developmental programming phenomenon, as well as interventional strategies aimed at restoring developmentally disrupted epigenetic patterns. Early Life Origins of Ageing and Longevity benefits a wide audience of working scientists, clinicians, and advanced students, and will also interest scientifically curious general readers who wish to know more about current research in this rapidly evolving field.

Endoscopic Screening and Surveillance-Indications and Standards -- Histopathology of Early Mucosal Neoplasias-Morphologic Carcinogenesis in the GI Tract -- Principles of Endoscopic Resection-Diagnostic and Curative Resection of Mucosal Neoplasias -- Endoscopic Detection and Analysis of Mucosal Neoplastic Lesions -- Enhanced Imaging and Tumor Morphology -- High-resolution Endoscopic Ultrasound -Clinical T-staging of Mucosal Neoplasms -- Squamous Cell-lined Esophagus and Hypopharynx -- Mucosal Neoplasias -- Columnar Epithelium-lined (Barrettś) Esophagus -- Mucosal Neoplasias -- Stomach-Mucosal Neoplasias -- Duodenum and Small Bowel -- Mucosal Neoplasias -- Colorectum-Mucosal Neoplasias -- Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Remission -Mucosal Neoplasias.

Comprised exclusively of clinical cases demonstrating the management of idiopathic, congenital, syndromic and neuromuscular early onset scoliosis (EOS), this concise, practical casebook will provide orthopedic surgeons with the best real-world strategies to properly manage the differing presentations of EOS they may encounter. Each chapter is a case that opens with a unique clinical presentation, followed by a description of the diagnosis, assessment and management techniques used to treat it, as well as the case outcome, clinical pearls and pitfalls, and literature review. Cases included illustrate different types and management strategies for EOS, including various spine-based growing rods, the vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib (VEPTR), anterior vertebral body tethering (AVBT) and congenital resection. Treatment strategies for EOS with related conditions such as myelomeningocele, cerebral palsy and skeletal dysplasia are also discussed, as are common complications and the role of traction. Pragmatic and reader-friendly, Early Onset Scoliosis: A Clinical Casebook is an excellent resource for pediatric orthopedic surgeons and other physicians confronted with both common and complex disorders of the child's spine.

Early osteoarthritis is novel topic for orthopedic surgeons and its process begins immediately after joint injury. The mechanical restoration of the joint surface or ligamentous stability is not sufficient to restore the homeostatic environment in the joint, and this leads to osteoarthritis, despite mechanical stability and alignment. This book sheds light on the various mechanisms and systems involved in the gradual decline of the injured joint toward manifest osteoarthritis. Published in collaboration with ISAKOS, this volume appeals to all stakeholders in surgical orthopaedics and sports medicine.

1. Current findings in epidemiology -- 2. Precocious puberty and environmental endocrine disruptors -- 3. Neuroendocrine control of puberty -- 4. Puberty in particular situations -- 5. Clinical and biological diagnosis of central precocious puberty -- 6. Etiological diagnosis of central precocious puberty -- 7. Precocious puberty therapeutic management: GnRH analogs treatment -- 8. Midterm and long-term impacts of GnRH agonists treatment.

This book discusses major issues and advances in the diagnosis and treatment of incidentally detected early-stage lung cancer (ESLC). In Part I, pathology and radiology experts comprehensively review the state-of-the-art advances in individual research fields, and offer an update on the cross-sectional anatomy of the lung and post-processing techniques for CT imaging. Part II focuses on the imaging features, differential diagnosis and radiologic-pathologic correlations of ESLCs in the categories pGGN, mGGN and solid nodules in compliance with the Guidelines on Lung Cancer Screening from the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). Part III briefly introduces therapeutic management strategies for ESLCs, including surgical and non-surgical approaches, for instance stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Lastly, the authors have meticulously prepared 50 clinical cases of pathologically proven benign and malignant pulmonary nodules with in-depth discussion and experts? comments to further readers? understanding of practical imaging and management strategies of ESLCs.

Eating disorders, addictions, and substance use disorders are each challenging in their own right, but they also commonly co-occur, causing major challenges for clinicians. Emerging research suggests that there are common substrates at the neuroanatomical, neurochemical, and psychological levels. While randomized controlled trials have revealed a number of effective psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacologic treatments for the individual conditions, little is known about integrative interventions for these comorbidities. This book presents cutting-edge research on the overlap of these complex disorders and reviews integrative assessment strategies and treatment approaches, including enhanced cognitive behavioral therapy, dialectical behavior therapy, abstinence approaches, motivational enhancement, mindfulness meditation, and pharmacotherapy. The issue of whether eating-disordered behaviors such as dieting, binge eating, and excessive exercise are merely other forms of addictive behavior is examined. The authors argue both for and against the concept of food addiction in research, clinical treatment, and public policy.

At least 40 skin signs are associated with eating disorders (EDs), and some of them are considered guiding signs because they are indicative of an otherwise hidden ED. These skin signs may arise due to starvation, self-induced vomiting, drug consumption, and concomitant psychiatric illness. The role of the dermatologist in this context is to suspect the presence of a hidden ED based on the guiding signs. With this in mind, the most important specialists in the field come together in this book to document all of the dermatological aspects of EDs. General topics such as classification of EDs, epidemiology, and medical complications are first addressed, and skin signs attributable to various causes are then discussed in a series of detailed chapters. Characteristic changes in the hair, nails, and oral cavity are also carefully documented. The closing chapters address various other related issues of interest, including pain sensitivity in patients with EDs and the effects of anorexia nervosa on skin thickness and skin collagen. Eating Disorders and the Skin will be an invaluable source of up-to-date information for both novice and experienced dermatologists, as well as other practitioners with an interest in EDs, psychiatrists, and nurses.

Boys and men with eating disorders remain a population that is under-recognized and underserved within both research and clinical contexts. It has been well documented that boys and men with eating disorders often exhibit distinct clinical presentations with regard to core cognitive (e.g., body image) and behavioral (e.g., pathological exercise) symptoms. Such differences, along with the greater likelihood of muscularity-oriented disordered eating among boys and men, emphasize the importance of understanding and recognizing unique factors of clinical relevance within this population. This book reviews the most up-to-date research findings on eating disorders among boys and men, with an emphasis on clinically salient information across multiple domains. Five sections are included, with the first focused on a historical overview and the unique nature and prevalence of specific forms of eating disorder symptoms and body image concerns in boys and men. The second section details population-specific considerations for the diagnosis and assessment of eating disorders, body image concerns, and muscle dysmorphia in boys and men. The third section identifies unique concerns regarding medical complications and care in this population, including medical complications of appearance and performance-enhancing substances. The fourth section reviews current findings and considerations for eating disorder prevention and intervention for boys and men. The fifth section of the book focuses on specific populations (e.g., sexual minorities, gender minorities) and addresses sociocultural factors of particular relevance for eating disorders in boys and men (e.g., racial and ethnic considerations, cross-cultural considerations). The book then concludes with a concise overview of key takeaways and a focused summary of current evidence gaps and unanswered questions, as well as directions for future research. Written by experts in the field, Eating Disorders in Boys and Men is a comprehensive guide to an under-reported topic. It is an excellent resource for primary care physicians, adolescent medicine physicians, pediatricians, psychologists, clinical social workers, and any other professional conducting research with or providing clinical care for boys and men with eating disorders. It is also an excellent resource for students, residents, fellows, and trainees across various disciplines.

What are eating disorders? / Therese Waterhous -- The psychology of an eating disorder : etiology and risk factors / Cathey Soutter -- Physiology of an eating disorder / Vicki Berkus -- The treatment of eating disorders / Jonna Fries and Veronica Sullivan -- Nutrition therapy : evolution, collaboration, and counseling skills / Sondra Kronberg -- Eating disorders in college students / Mandy Golman, Marilyn Massey-Stokes, and Susan Karpiel -- Eating disorders in athletes / Kate Bennett -- Pregnancy and eating disorders / Maggie Baumann and Jessica Setnick -- Eating disorders in males / Helen B. Murray and Adelaide S. Robb -- Eating disorders and type 1 diabetes / Carolyn Costin, Gail Prosser, and Jacque Mular -- Eating disorders in racial/ethnic minorities / Anna M. Bardone-Cone, M.K. Higgins, and Stacy L. Lin -- Eating disorders in women at midlife and beyond : a bio-psycho-social-relational perspective / Margo Maine and Karen Samuels -- Eating disorders in sexual and gender minorities / Jonna Fries.

This first open access European CAR-T Handbook, co-promoted by the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) and the European Hematology Association (EHA), covers several aspects of CAR-T cell treatments, including the underlying biology, indications, management of side-effects, access and manufacturing issues. This book, written by leading experts in the field to enhance readers' knowledge and practice skills, provides an unparalleled overview of the CAR-T cell technology and its application in clinical care, to enhance readers' knowledge and practice skills.

Introduction -- Roles of EBNA1 at EBV Episomes -- EBNA1-DNA Interactions -- EBNA1 Contributions to EBV-Associated Tumours -- Cellular Effects of EBNA1 -- Conclusion.

1. Ebola's origin: a limited but devasting viral hemorhagic disease of Central Africa -- 2. Ebola's unanticipated arrival in West Africa -- 3. Kenema Government Hospital: from Lassa to Ebola -- 4. Sheik Humarr Khan: leading the fight against ebola in Sierra Leone at Kenema Government Hospital -- 5. ZMapp: the ethics of decision making -- 6. Robert Garry: managing the effort to curtail ebola's curse -- 7. Pardis Sabeti: geneticist tracking ebola's travels and changing profile -- 8. Ebola's curse: impact on the economics of West Africa -- 9. Ebola's scorecard: failure of the WHO and the international community -- Addendum -- Index.

This current manual gives an overview to management of Ebola Virus Disease outbreaks from a practical point of view. It gives an introduction to the topic, reviews the history and previous outbreaks of Ebola virus disease and gives insight to clinical features of the disease. The major part of the book presents ways of response including screening, isolation and personal protection equipment as well as waste management during disease outbreaks. New therapies and experimental drugs are discussed in further detail. The last part of the volume deals with all aspects of diagnostics and practical laboratory handling of Ebola virus. Dr. Marta Lado is the clinical lead of the King's Sierra Leone Partnership in country team. She brings together a group of authors aggregating both well-grounded basic knowledge on Ebola virus as well as deep experience with Ebola Virus Disease in the field.

Marburg- and ebolaviruses : a look back and lessons for the future / Hans Dieter Klenk and Werner Slenczka -- Forty years of ebolavirus molecular biology : understanding a novel fisease agent through the development and application of new technologies / Allison Groseth and Thomas Hoenen -- Ebolavirus : an overview of molecular and clinical pathogenesis / Veronica Vine, Dana P. Scott, and Heinz Feldmann -- Production of filovirus glycoprotein-pseudotyped vesicular stomatitis virus for study of filovirus entry mechanisms / Rachel B. Brouillette and Wendy Maury -- Lentiviral vectors pseudotyped with filoviral glycoproteins / Patrick L. Sinn, Jeremy E. Coffin, Natarajan Ayithan, Kathleen H. Holt, and Wendy Maury -- Modeling eEbola virus genome replication and transcription with minigenome systems / Tessa Cressey, Kristina Brauburger, and Elke Mühlberger -- Quantification of RNA content in reconstituted ebola virus nucleocapsids by immunoprecipitation / Logan Banadyga and Hideki Ebihara -- Modeling ebolavirus budding with virus like particles / Olivier Reynard and Mathieu Mateo -- Modeling the ebolavirus life cycle with transcription and replication-competent viruslike particle assays / Nadine Biedenkopf and Thomas Hoenen -- Assays to measure suppression of type I interferon responses by filovirus VP35 proteins / Priya Luthra and Christopher F. Basler -- Nonradioactive northern blot analysis to detect ebola virus minigenomic mRNA / Kristina Brauburger, Tessa Cressey, and Elke Mühlberger -- Semi-automated high-throughput microtitration assay for filoviruses / Claire Marie Filone, David Miller, and Victoria Wahl-Jensen -- Generation of recombinant ebola viruses using reverse genetics / Allison Groseth -- Luciferase-expressing ebolaviruses as tools for screening of antivirals / Thomas Hoenen -- Live-cell imaging of filoviruses / Gordian Schudt, Olga Dolnik, and Stephan Becker -- Assessment of inhibition of ebola virus progeny production by antiviral compounds / Darryl Falzarano -- Analysis of the cellular stress response during ebola virus infection by immunofluorescence / Emily V. Nelson and Kristina M. Schmidt -- Analyzing apoptosis induction and evasion in ebola virus-infected cells / Judith Olejnik and Emily V. Nelson -- Electron microscopy of ebola virus-infected cells / Takeshi Noda -- Validating the inactivation effectiveness of chemicals on ebola virus / Elaine Haddock and Friederike Feldmann -- Visualizing ebolavirus particles using single-particle interferometric reflectance imaging sensor (SP-IRIS) / Erik P. Carter, Elif Ç. Seymour, Steven M. Scherr, George G. Daaboul, David S. Freedman, M. Selim Ünlü, and John H. Connor -- Assessing antiviral countermeasures using mouse models of ebolavirus infection / Andrea Kroeker, Bryan D. Griffin, Xiangguo Qiu, and Gary Kobinger -- Evaluation of ebola virus countermeasures in guinea pigs / Andrea Marzi -- Evaluation of medical countermeasures against ebolaviruses in nonhuman primate models / Chad E. Mire and Thomas W. Geisbert -- Quantification of filovirus glycoprotein-specific antibodies / Wakako Furuyama, Hiroko Miyamoto, Reiko Yoshida, and Ayato Takada -- Monitoring innate immune gene responses in the hamster model of ebola virus disease by RT-PCR / Marko Zivcec -- Real-time and end-point PCR diagnostics for ebola virus / Allen Grolla -- Production of antigens for ELISA / Robert W. Cross and Thomas G. Ksiazek -- ELISA methods for the detection of ebolavirus infection / Robert W. Cross and Thomas G. Ksiazek -- Ebola virus field sample collection / Brian R. Amman, Amy J. Schuh, and Jonathan S. Towner.

Anatomy and basic physiology -- ECG recording and ECG leads -- The normal ECG and the frontal plane QRS axis -- The components of the ECG waves and intervals -- P waves and atrial abnormalities -- Chamber enlargement and hypertrophy -- Intraventricular conduction defects -- Coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndromes -- Acute pericarditis -- The ECG in extracardiac disease -- Sinus node dysfunction -- Premature ventricular complexes (PVC) -- Atrioventricular block -- Atrial rhythm disorders -- Ventricular tachycardias -- Ventricular fibrillation and ventricular flutter -- Preexcitation and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) -- Electrolyte abnormalities -- Electrophysiologic concepts -- Antiarrhythmic drugs -- Pacemakers and their ECGs -- Errors in electrocardiography monitoring, computerized ECG, other sites of ECG recording -- How to read an ECG.

The second edition of this book provides an overview of electrocardiography from a pathophysiological basis. Refreshed with color illustrations, it incorporates new anatomic and electrophysiologic information as well as updated material on clinical applications of the electrocardiogram (ECG). Intended as a reference for students with a basic understanding of the ECG, the book's focus is to provide the fundamental anatomic and electrophysiologic processes that lead to ECG changes rather than simple pattern recognition. Each chapter has key points and questions with comprehensive explanations so that the reader can assess their understanding of the contents. It can be utilized as a guide - chapter by chapter - or read cover to cover for a complete overview. Case studies are included at the end of the book that integrate the multiple principles of electrocardiography. The Second Edition of ECG Interpretation: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Application is an essential text for medical students, residents, fellows, physicians, and nurses in cardiology and clinical cardiac electrophysiology.

Cardiac anatomy and physiology / Opal V. Wilson -- Obtaining a rhythm strip / Jessica Shank Coviello -- Interpreting a rhythm strip / Carolynn Spera Bruno -- Sinus node arrhythmias / Leigh Ann Trujillo -- Atrial arrhythmias / Nancy Bekken -- Junctional arrhythmias / Karen Knight-Frank -- Ventricular arrhythmias / Maurice H. Espinoza -- Atrioventricular blocks / Leigh Ann Trujillo -- Nonpharmacologic treatments / Karen Crisfulla -- Pharmacologic treatments / Mary l. Johnston -- Obtaining a 12-lead ECG / Marcella Ann Mikalaitis -- Interpreting a 12-lead ECG / Carolynn Spera Bruno.

"Offering expert direction, this freshly updated, fully illustrated guide is packed with images and learning aids that support your understanding and retention in obtaining and interpreting rhythm strips. Recognize and treat a wide variety of arrhythmias with this vital text -- an ideal study aid and friendly on-the-unit support for both students and practicing nurses."--Publisher's description.

Anatomy and physiologyof the heart -- The electrocardiogram -- Sinoatrial node arrhythmias -- Atrial arrhythmias -- Junctional arrhythmias -- Ventricular arrhythmias -- Atrioventricular and bundle branch blocks -- Artificial cardiac pacemakers -- Artifact -- The 12-lead ECG and acute myocardial infarction -- ECG practice test one -- ECG practice test two -- ECG practice test three -- ECG practice test four.

"Grasp the electrocardiography basics and identify arrhythmias accurately, with the freshly updated ECG Workout, 7th Edition. Fully addressing the most common arrhythmias, this clearly worded text will take you step-by-step through expert ECG tracing interpretation methods, including differentiating among rhythm groups, equipment use, and management protocols. This is the go-to ECG guide for both student training and professional review--perfect for physicians, nurses, medical and nursing students, paramedics, emergency medical technicians, telemetry technicians, and related practitioners. Get a strong grounding in accurate ECG readings with: NEW pull-out arrhythmia summary cards help you interpret end-of-chapter practice strips, NEW and updated advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) guidelines incorporated in each arrhythmia chapter, NEW and updated figures, boxes, tables, and additional practice strips, Updated coverage of all ECG concepts and skills, including: Illustrated anatomy and physiology of the heart, Electrical basis of electrocardiology, Arrhythmia chapters: sinus, atrial, junctional and AV blocks, ventricular and bundle-branch block rhythms--examples, causes, clinical treatments, and practice strips, Step-by-step direction on interpreting rhythm strips, Components of the ECG tracing: waveforms, intervals, segments, complexes, and waveform identification, Discussion of cardiac monitors, lead systems, lead placement, ECG artifacts, and troubleshooting monitor problems, Methods for precise rate calculation, Discussion of cardiac pacemakers: types, indications, function, pacemaker terminology, malfunctions, and pacemaker analysis, with practice tracings. ECG conversion table ensures precise heart rate calculation with plastic pocket version inside back cover. Skillbuilder practice strips--more than 600 life-size ECG tracings: End-of-chapter strips from actual patients, with 3-second indicators for rapid-rate calculation, and answers at back of book. A mix of arrhythmias to help you distinguish among types. Posttest with mix of more than 100 waveform rhythm strips, for student testing or self-evaluation"--Provided by publisher.

"This best-selling manual is a practical guide to the performance, interpretation, and clinical applications of echocardiography. It is written by recognized authorities at the Mayo Clinic and provides a concise, user-friendly summary of techniques, diagnostic criteria, and quantitative methods for both echocardiography and Doppler echocardiography. Discussion of each clinical problem also includes transesophageal echocardiography"--Provided by publisher.

This atlas of echocardiography presents more than 100 cases of adult congenital heart disease, from diagnosis to treatment follow-up. The coverage is broad, encompassing atrial and ventricular septal defects, patent ductus arteriosus, cyanotic adult congenital heart disease, and numerous other anomalies, as well as findings on fetal echocardiography. For each disease, all echocardiographic images and views which proved of diagnostic value are arranged sequentially, with inclusion of transesophageal echocardiographic images whenever appropriate. Additional pertinent information is provided relating to diagnosis and treatment, and key teaching points are highlighted. The superb quality of the illustrations and the range of cases considered (including many rare ones) ensure that this atlas will be of great value for cardiology residents and fellows and highly relevant to day-to-day practice.

This updated textbook provides an essential evidence-based approach to echocardiography and includes practical case-based instruction illustrating a wide variety of clinical scenarios in which echocardiography is a vital diagnostic option for physicians. It reflects how echocardiography has evolved into a complex multimodality method for evaluating and quantifying cardiovascular lesions, and explains the use of hemodynamic assessment of the heart using echocardiography, transesophageal and three-dimensional echocardiography, deformation imaging and assessment of myocardial perfusion, which have added a new dimension to real-time noninvasive evaluation of patients. Echocardiography highlights the clinical utility of these evolving modalities that are now crucial to the renaissance of echocardiography, and it provides a thorough clinical review of this most revealing and adaptable methods of imaging a patient. The Editors and their world-class group of contributors have created an essential reference for those in training or who already use echocardiography in their practice. .

This is a comprehensive yet easy to read study guide for those preparing for the echocardiography board examinations, which brings all of the critical resources together into one convenient and portable resource. Echocardiography is an integral part of routine cardiology practice and this book represents a quick, yet thorough, reference that can be easily consulted to help practicing clinicians deliver high quality care to their patients. The Echocardiography Companion: Study Guide and Review includes a comprehensive educationally-focused review of the technique, its clinical uses, applications, and utilization in all cardiac conditions. The practical and quick reference format allows it to serve as a reference book and as a helpful companion to students, on which notes can be taken while studying from other resources such as board review videos.

This book offers readers a better understanding of how to perform echocardiography in their daily intensive care unit (ICU) work. With numerous practical examples highlighting the indices and hemodynamic monitoring profiles that physicians could encounter, it considers echocardiography not merely as a simple imaging technique, but as a practical diagnostic and hemodynamic monitoring tool. The booklet is richly illustrated with figures explaining how to perform echo, and includes numerous tables, simple equations and normal and abnormal values. Echocardiography in ICU, a pocket guide written by the leading international experts in the field, is an excellent source of information and guidance for all residents and physicians working in ICU, emergency medicine, anesthesia and cardiology as well.

This book provides a comprehensive account of the role of echocardiography in patients with mitral valve disease. The normal echocardiographic anatomy of the mitral valve is first presented, and the applications of echocardiography in mitral valve disease are then covered in detail by experts from different subspecialties in cardiology. Topics include etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, assessment of severity, and role of echocardiography in percutaneous and surgical techniques. The highly readable text is supported by a wealth of color images obtained with 3D echocardiography, currently the gold standard for the evaluation of mitral valve disease. The interdisciplinary approach used in describing the diagnostic and therapeutic applications will make this book useful for the clinical cardiologist as well as the echocardiographer. It will allow cardiologists to advance their knowledge in the field and will serve as an excellent updating tool for professionals engaged in echocardiography and cardiac diagnostic imaging.

Principles of cardiovascular ultrasound -- Practical issues related to the examination, anatomic image orientation, and segmental cardiovascular analysis -- Quantitative methods in echocardiography-basic techniques -- Quantitative methods in echocardiography-advanced techniques for the assessment of ventricular function -- Anomalies of the pulmonary and systemic venous connections -- Abnormalities of atria and atrial septation -- Atrioventricular septal defects -- Ebstein's malformation and tricuspid valve diseases -- Echocardiographic assessment of mitral valve abnormalities -- Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries -- Ventricular septal defects -- Univentricular atrioventricular connections -- Abnormalities of right ventricular outflow -- Abnormalities of left ventricular outflow -- Tetralogy of fallot -- d-Transposition of the great arteries -- Double-outlet right and left ventricles -- Truncus arteriosus -- Patent ductus arteriosus and aortopulmonary window -- Abnormalities of the aortic arch -- Marfan syndrome: aortic aneurysm and dissection -- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy -- Additional cardiomyopathies -- Pericardial disorders -- Systemic diseases -- Vascular abnormalities -- Cardiac tumors -- Evaluation of the transplanted heart -- Pulmonary hypertension -- Echocardiography in the diagnosis and management of endocarditis -- Evaluation of prosthetic valves -- Fetal echocardiography -- Three-dimensional echocardiography in congenital heart diseases -- Stress echocardiography -- Intracardiac and intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography -- Interventional echocardiography in congenital heart disease -- Echocardiographic assessment of mechanical circulatory support -- Cardiac magnetic resonance and computed tomographic imaging in congenital heart disease -- Evaluation of the adult with transposition after atrial or arterial switch operations -- Tetralogy of fallot with pulmonary regurgitation -- Echocardiographic evaluation of the functionally univentricular heart after fontan "Operation" -- Eisenmenger syndrome

"This textbook was designed to be a resource on echocardiography in pediatric and congenital heart disease. When first published in 2009, this book filled a void of nearly 10 years between major textbooks in the field. In this textbook we strived to provide a comprehensive source of information for both beginners and advanced practitioners. At the time of the first edition, the "special" topics included 3D echocardiography and fetal echocardiography. When we updated the textbook in 2016, the newer topics were post-Fontan imaging and pregnancy with heart disease. In this updated third edition of our comprehensive textbook, we focused on consolidating recent advances in echocardiography into routine practice. We have incorporated the topics of speckle tracking echocardiography and 3D echocardiography into the chapters discussing ventricular function and cardiovascular lesions. To highlight the progress in our profession, we added new chapters on assessment of the right ventricle, the transitional neonatal circulation, and the role of multimodality imaging. In our "key elements" sections, we continued to emphasize echocardiographic predictors of important clinical outcomes. Many, if not most, of the images and videos have been replaced to give the readers up-to-date examples of essential clinical images"-- Provided by publisher.

This book comprehensively reviews the use of echocardiography in the rapidly evolving field of critical care cardiology. Increasingly, cardiac care units (CCU) are focusing on the management of patients with multisystem diseases, advanced hemodynamics compromise, complex ventricular arrhythmias, and established or incipient multi-organ failure. This book covers ultrasound applications in such topics as hemodynamic assessment and the assessment of patients with intracardiac devices. Syndrome-based echocardiography in the CCU is also covered with an emphasis on using echocardiography in patients with acute dyspnea, acute chest pain and neurologic syndromes. The use of contrast echocardiography in the CCU is also covered. Echocardiography in the CCU reveals the essential role of various echocardiographic modalities in modern acute cardiovascular care. This is therefore a critical resource for all cardiology practitioners and trainees who use echocardiography in CCUs.

The aim of this book is to educate and train practitioners in the safe and professional use of diagnostic ultrasound imaging in the visualization and interpretation of various cerebral conditions not only in neurointensive care, but also in the operating room and, in general, cardiothoracic and neurocritical care settings. It is chiefly intended for anaesthetists and intensivists with a basic knowledge of ultrasound physics, but also for neurosurgeons and neurologists. All chapters were coordinated by the Editors, with experiences in hands-on courses on Echography and Doppler of the Brain, and prepared by international experts. The book covers from basic principles to estimation of intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion. The topics cover emergency department and prehospital brain US as part of POCUS and US multiorgan evaluation to general intensive care, neurointensive care and anesthesia, including special populations as pregnant and children and setting as LMIC. Clinical scenarios complete the book. An innovative and unique guide that equips readers to perform bedside and non-invasive assessments for a range of cerebrovascular diseases.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been in clinical use for some 40 years, but it is only in the past decade that its application in the treatment of life-threatening circulatory and respiratory failure has truly flourished. This book presents a comprehensive overview of both pathophysiological and practical aspects of circulatory and respiratory extracorporeal support. The basics of ECMO, including its history, the "ECMO team", cannulation, materials, and blood-surface interactions, are first discussed. The various indications for and particular characteristics of circulatory and respiratory extracorporeal life support are then described in detail in the main part of the book. Patient care during ECMO and monitoring of the ECMO patient are also carefully covered, with explanation of the management of technical and clinical complications and transport-related problems. Further topics include long-term therapy options beyond ECMO, such as ventricular assist devices and transplants, outcome, the new frontiers of ECMO for organ procurement and future challenges. The authors are well-known experts in the field whose authoritative contributions and attention to practical aspects will be invaluable for novices and experienced practitioners alike.

As the world population is exploding and alongside fluctuations in climate is also prevalent, there is an increasing stress on the food requirements of the population. We have an urgent necessity to produce more food in the limited agricultural land. Further, to feed 7 billion people there is a requirement of high yielding crops, without harming environment and limiting the use of unnecessary pesticide and chemical fertilizers. Therefore it has become crucial to develop agri-bio-techniques which are environment friendly and also give high crop productivity. Many countries are evaluating the utility of biotechnology and its role in addressing problems of food security and poverty. Biotechnology is the application of scientific and engineering principles to the processing and production of materials by utilising biological agents. These agents are exploited to provide goods and services. Agricultural biotechnology encompasses a growing list of techniques that range from simple probes to determine a relevant gene from the complete genome to manipulating genes for a desired outcome. Many other popular methods used in the realm of agricultural technology are - gene integration, Marker-assisted breeding, Tissue culture, Gene profiling or association mapping, Metabolomics etc. The fundamental challenge facing the scientific community is how to devise innovative strategies that will bring all developed as well as developing countries into the "biological fold" and to do so in ways that will take full advantage of advances in the biological sciences to curb poverty, improve public health, and promote human development. This book contains information on eco-friendly techniques for high crop productivity and it is a myriad of different techniques and technology used to sustain productivity in crop plants. There are fewer books focusing on large-scale organic farming, molecular farming etc. Multidisciplinary research and literature is needed to deliver knowledge and products into the marketplace which fulfil these requirements. The present book is a collection of literature contributed by experts, scientists, professors, and researchers from around the world, it emphasizes work of concerned scientist and his choice of techniques used for enhancement of agricultural production. This book analyses the use of modern techniques to increase crop yields, production, and risk of hunger linked to socioeconomic scenarios.

Rampant industrialization, urbanization, and population growth have resulted in increased global environmental contamination. The productivity of agricultural soil is drastically deteriorated and requires a high dose of fertilizers to cultivate crops. To ensure food security, farmers are compelled to apply excess chemical fertilizers and insecticides that contaminate soil, air, and water. Heavy loads of chemical fertilizers not only degrade the quality of agricultural land but also pollute water and air. Use of chemical fertilizers also accelerate the release of greenhouse gases like nitrous oxide and methane along with nutrient runoff from the watershed in to lower elevation rivers and lakes, resulting in cultural eutrophication. Farming practices globally in developed, developing, and under-developing countries should utilize and promote sustainable methods through viable combined environmental, social, and economic means that improve rather than harm future generations. This can include use of non-synthetic fertilizers like compost, vermicompost, slow-release fertilizers, farmyard manures, crop rotations that include nitrogen-fixing legumes. Organic fertilizers like compost and vermicompost improve soil properties like texture, porosity, water-holding capacity, organic matter, as well as nutrient availability. The purpose of this book is to document the available alternatives of synthetic fertilizers, their mode of action, efficiency, preparation methodology, practical suggestions for sustainable practices, and needed research focus. The book will cover major disciplines like plant science, environmental science, agricultural science, agricultural biotechnology and microbiology, horticulture, soil science, atmospheric science, agro-forestry, agronomy, and ecology. This book is helpful for farmers, scientists, industrialists, research scholars, masters and graduate students, non-governmental organizations, financial advisers, and policy makers.

This book proposes strategies for improving the resilience and conservation of temperate forests in South America, such that these forests can provide ecosystem services in a sustainable way. As such it contributes to the design of a resilient human-forest model that takes into account the multiculturalism of local communities, in many cases including aspects of ecological economics, development economics and territorial development planning that are related to indigenous peoples or first nations. Further, it provides proposals for public and territorial policies that improve the state of conservation of native forests and forest ecosystems, based on a critical analysis of the economic factors that lead to the degradation of forest ecosystems in South America today. This edition was conceived by members of the Transdisciplinary Research Center for Social and Ecological Strategies for Sustainable Forest Management in South America at the Universidad Austral de Chile. It includes contributions by distinguished researchers from around the world, combining the fields of economics, ecology, biology, anthropology, sociology and statistics. It is not, however, simply a collection of works written by authors from different disciplines, but rather each chapter is in itself transdisciplinary. This approach makes the book a unique contribution to enhancing social, managerial and political approaches to forestry management, helping to protect forest ecosystem services and make them more sustainable. This, in turn, will benefit local communities and society as a whole, by reducing the negative externalities of forestry management and enhancing future opportunities.

"Ecologists and economists both use models to help develop strategies for biodiversity management. The practical use of disciplinary models, however, can be limited because ecological models tend not to address the socioeconomic dimension of biodiversity management, whereas economic models tend to neglect the ecological dimension. Given these shortcomings of disciplinary models, there is a necessity to combine ecological and economic knowledge into ecological-economic models. Gradually guiding the reader into the field of ecological-economic modelling by introducing mathematical models and their role in general, this book provides an overview on ecological and economic modelling approaches relevant for research in the field of biodiversity conservation. It discusses the advantages of and challenges associated with ecological-economic modelling, together with an overview of useful ways of integration. Although being a book about mathematical modelling, ecological and economic concepts play an equally important role, making the book accessible for readers from very different disciplinary backgrounds"-- Provided by publisher.

"Researchers in the field of ecological genomics aim to determine how a genome or a population of genomes interacts with its environment across ecological and evolutionary timescales. Ecological genomics is trans-disciplinary by nature. Ecologists have turned to genomics to be able to elucidate the mechanistic bases of the biodiversity their research tries to understand. Genomicists have turned to ecology in order to better explain the functional cellular and molecular variation they observed in their model organisms. Ecological genomics covers 3 fields of research that have most benefited from the recent technological and conceptual developments in the field of ecological genomics: the study of life-history evolution and its impact of genome architectures; the study of the genomic bases of phenotypic plasticity and the study of the genomic bases of adaptation and speciation"-- Publisher's description.

Ecological intensification involves using natural resources such as land, water, soil nutrients, and other biotic and abiotic variables in a sustainable way to achieve high performance and efficiency in agricultural yield with minimal damage to the agroecosystems. With increasing food demand there is high pressure on agricultural systems. The concept of ecological intensification presents the mechanisms of ensuring high agricultural productivity by restoration the soil health and landscape ecosystem services. The approach involves the replacement of anthropogenic inputs with eco-friendly and sustainable alternates. Effective ecological intensification requires an understanding of ecosystems services, ecosystem's components, and flow of resources in the agroecosystems. Also, awareness of land use patterns, socio-economic factors, and needs of the farmer community plays a crucial role. It is therefore essential to understand the interaction of ecosystem constituents within the extensive agricultural landscape. The editors critically examined the status of ecological stress in agroecosystems and address the issue of ecological intensification for natural resources management. Drawing upon research and examples from around the world, the book is offering an up-to-date account, and insight into the approaches that can be put in practice for poly-cropping systems and landscape-scale management to increase the stability of agricultural production systems to achieve Ecological resilience. It further discusses the role of farmer communities and the importance of their awareness about the issues. This book will be of interest to teachers, researchers, climate change scientists, capacity builders, and policymakers. Also, the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of agriculture, forestry, ecology, agronomy, soil science, and environmental sciences. National and international agricultural scientists, policymakers will also find this to be a useful read for green future.

Based on graph theory studies this book seeks to understand how tropical species interact with each other and how these interactions are affected by perturbations in some of the most species-rich habitats on earth. Due to the great diversity of species and interactions in the tropics, this book addresses a wide range of current and future issues with empirical examples and complete revisions on different types of ecological networks: from mutualisms to antagonisms. The goal of this publication is not to be only for researchers but also for undergraduates in different areas of knowledge, and also to serve as a reference text for graduate-level courses mainly in the life sciences.

This book builds on existing work exploring succession, disturbance ecology, and the interface between geophysical and biological systems in the aftermath of the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens. The eruption was dramatic both in the spatial extent of its impact and the range of volcanic disturbance types and intensities. Complex geophysical forces created unparalleled opportunities to study initial ecological responses and long-term succession processes that occur in response to a major contemporary eruption across a great diversity of ecosystems, lowland to alpine forests, meadows, lakes, streams, and rivers. These factors make Mount St. Helens an extremely rich environment for learning about the ecology of volcanic areas and, more generally, about ecosystem response to major disturbance of many types, including land management. Lessons about ecological recovery at Mount St. Helens are shaping thought about succession, disturbance ecology, ecosystem management, and landscape ecology. Explosive Mount St. Helens now rivals Krakatoa's 1883 eruption for understanding ecological change. Researchers escaping their desks have produced top science by repeated immersion, inspiration and observation in nature. From a mountain with conspicuous heterogeneous geology, the big picture emerges, and landscape ecology's evolving spatial patterns come alive. Bounce-back ecosystem recovery processes enrich the concepts of both resilience and ecological succession. Readers will relish the cascade of discoveries here. Richard T.T. Forman, retired PAES Professor of Landscape Ecology at Harvard University. A volcanic eruption instantly resets the ecological clock, starting a process of recovery and renewal that follows multiple pathways. The lessons gleaned from the contributions to this book apply not just to Mount St. Helens, but more broadly, to less spectacular but more frequent environmental disturbances of all sorts. John A. Wiens, former Chief Scientist, The Nature Conservancy, and Adjunct Professor, University of Western Australia "Research following the eruption of Mount St. Helens has helped revolutionize our thinking about how forest ecosystems respond to disturbances. Now, as demonstrated in this book, it has also become the global go-to locale for scientific information on impacts of volcanic eruptions! We are incredibly fortunate to have this latest volume summarizing science in this eruptive landscape." Jerry F. Franklin, Professor of Forest Ecosystems, University of Washington.

This book chronicles the decades-long work of studying, analyzing, and reversing the environmental pressures that threatened India's Chilika Lagoon, the largest brackish-water lagoon in the region, and the second largest in the world. Designated as one of India's first Ramsar Sites in 1981, Chilika Lagoon continued to degrade for a decade longer. Then, the Chilika Development Authority (CDA) was established to gather information and devise a restoration plan that benefits the ecosystems of the lagoon, with sensitivity to the needs and livelihoods of local communities. Expert contributors detail the work of analysis, planning and implementation, including extensive coverage of such topics as: Devising a plan for implementing Ramsar wise use guidelines Sedimentologic, chemical, and isotopic impacts Hydrodynamics and salinity Runoff and sediment in watersheds of the Lagoon's Western Catchment Long-term analysis of water quality and continued water quality monitoring Bio-optical models for cyclone impact assessment Studies of geomorphology, land use, and sedimentary environments Spatiotemporal assessment of phytoplankton communities Creation of a post-restoration scenario for fish and fisheries Assessing status of waterbirds, species diversity and migration patterns The result was a major hydrological intervention to re-establish hydrological and salinity regimes, biodiversity, and fish catches, and help protect the livelihood of lagoon-dependent communities. The story of the rehabilitation and management of Chilika Lagoon demonstrates that it is possible to halt and reverse the encroachment and degradation of wetlands, to restore biodiversity and to provide benefits for large numbers of people. Ecology, Conservation, and Restoration of Chilika Lagoon goes beyond scientific research articles to explore institutional and governance issues, political ecology, and the Ramsar Convention's guidelines for ecosystem restoration. The book will benefit researchers, wetland managers, government policy makers and more general readers concerned with restoration and conservation of wetlands around the planet.

Pinnipeds are marine mammals that include eared seals, true seals, and walruses. This book presents detailed reviews on the ecology and conservation of 10 pinniped species along the coasts and islands in Latin America, from Mexico to Chile and Argentina. Topics covered include their population dynamics, trophic ecology, reproduction, and behavior. In addition, the book addresses major conservation issues regarding climate change, interaction with fisheries, ecotourism, and other human activities.

This book brings together the latest information on tropical ungulates in different Latin American countries. These animals are not only important from the point of view of their role in different ecosystems, but also have cultural value for people. The book also discusses topics such as habitat transformation and hunting as these species are an important source of food in many places. Addressing ungulate natural communities in diverse ecosystems and countries, the book provides information on specific aspects of each of the most representative species, and highlights topics to help readers better understand these species and develop effective management and conservation strategies. The information presented also reveals the need for more knowledge and will hopefully provide the incentive for continued studies on this important group of animals. This publication serves as a reference for academic research on ungulate ecology, behavior and dynamics, as well as the basis for conservation strategies.

This book reviews the history and development of rhizobial ecology (diversity, function and interactions with the biotic and abiotic environments), evolution (genome diversification, systematics of symbiotic genes) and application. Further, it describes the new concept of rhizobia, the latest systematic methods, biogeographic study methods, and genomic studies to identify the interactions between rhizobia, legumes and environments. To enable readers to gain a comprehensive understanding of rhizobial biogeography, the book provides effective protocols for the selection and application of high-efficiency rhizobial inoculants. In addition, it presents standard and modern methods used in studies on rhizobial ecology and evolution in dedicated appendices, making it a unique and valuable handbook for researchers.

"An important contribution to the burgeoning literature extolling the virtues of forest complexity. As a compendium of the literature on forest heterogeneity alone, this book is an indispensable reference for scholars and practitioners of ecological forest management." Gregory H. Aplet, Senior Science Director, The Wilderness Society "Ecology and Recovery of Eastern Old-Growth Forests is extremely timely and hugely important. Old-growth forests are quickly disappearing, and global changes mandate that we find new approaches to manage them. Succinctly written by prominent American and Canadian scientists, this book is a must-read for forest professionals and enthusiastic forest lovers everywhere." Christian Messier, Professor of Forest Ecology, Université du Québec à Montréal and Université du Québec en Outaouais "Finally, a much-needed, up-to-date treatise on the state of old-growth forests in the East. All forest stakeholders should read this book." Jerry F. Franklin, Professor Emeritus, University of Washington.

Recent work on the human microbiome represents the essence of community ecology: "What makes assemblages of species more or less similar to each other at different places and times?" (Vellend 2010; Anderson et al. 2011). The complex microbial communities of the human subgingival crevice are particularly relevant since multiple, spatially distinct but ecologically similar sites are found in a single subject. Healthy sites and sites affected by periodontitis (gum disease) can coexist in the same mouth simultaneously; periodontal disease may reflect community processes since it is thought to have a polymicrobial etiology rather than a single species etiology in the tradition of Koch's postulates. Subgingival communities therefore provide a unique, clinically relevant context to apply ecological concepts. The goal of this work was to advance our ecological understanding of the human subgingival microbiota, drawing on two fields of ecological research: biogeography and the stability of complex communities. The first half of this work explored oral biogeography and treating subgingival sites as isolated, island-like patches of similar habitat distributed within a mouth. A survey of twenty-three to thirty subgingival sites per mouth within five periodontally healthy subjects uncovered non-random, spatially relevant patterns of community distributions. Specifically, a left-right symmetric pattern of community similarity and a positive correlation between physical distance between sites and the dissimilarity of their respective communities were observed. However, these patterns were only discernable among deeply sequenced communities. Additional applications of co-occurrence analysis and neutral theory models to the data indicated that both competitive interactions and stochastic, demographic processes influence distributions of subgingival taxa. The second half of this work assessed the temporal stability of health and periodontitis-associated subgingival and salivary microbial communities before and after a single disturbance event of professional teeth cleaning. Communities were surveyed in 8 subjects (4 healthy, 4 with moderate chronic periodontitis), at 4 sites per subject, and at four sampling times ranging from 2 weeks to 1 day before the cleaning to assess baseline spatial and temporal variation. Samples collected at seven time points ranging from 1 hour to 3 months after the cleaning were also examined in order to monitor the compositional response to the perturbation. The results of this work demonstrated that healthy and periodontitis-associated subgingival communities are resilient to a teeth-cleaning perturbation, but the displacement of community composition immediately after cleaning was greater in periodontitis than in health. Periodontitis-associated subgingival communities more closely resembled a health-like composition as they recovered from the cleaning, although this change was transient. Salivary communities were also shown to be resilient to a teeth cleaning perturbation, but the impact of the cleaning on community composition is less pronounced in saliva. The results further suggest that post-cleaning residual subgingival communities contribute more to subgingival recolonization than salivary communities. The results of this work generated testable hypotheses about the ecological mechanisms governing observed spatial and temporal patterns. I hope these findings will contribute to the development of novel, ecologically informed approaches to the clinical treatment of the subgingival environment.

Large herbivorous mammals have a long history of adaptation to changing environmental circumstances. Many groups of mammalian herbivores started as omnivores and opportunistic browsers of fruits and other plant parts, later adapting to increasingly specialised leaf browsing, and finally to grazing as open grass-dominated environments spread following climatic cooling and drying during the Neogene. Changes in global climate led to vegetational changes in terrestrial ecosystems, which resulted in changes in the proportions of browsing and grazing species in the ungulate guilds. There is currently a range of proxy methods to assess diets and feeding ecology of large extinct herbivorous mammals, including dental microwear and mesowear analyses and stable isotope analyses. Together these methods have enabled an increasingly diverse and fine-scale understanding of the dietary variation of herbivorous mammals throughout the Cenozoic, providing a more detailed picture than traditional comparative ecomorphology approaches alone. This chapter will provide an up-to-date assessment of the analytical methods of determining the diet of extinct large herbivorous mammal taxa, and provide insights into changes in the assemblages of browsing and grazing mammals and how these relate to changes to climate and the evolution of different plant forms.

Charles S. Elton's classic text Ecology of Invasions by Animals and Plants sounded an early warning about a human-driven global change that became widely appreciated among scientists and the public only decades later. "We must make no mistake", he wrote. "We are seeing one of the great historical convulsions of the world's fauna and flora." The enormous environmental consequences of this phenomenon are now well recognized. The past 60 years have seen an exponential rise in research on biological invasions, and Elton's original hypotheses are among those at the center of this research. In this new annotated edition, ecologists Daniel Simberloff and Anthony Ricciardi have provided forewords placing each chapter into historical scientific context. They assess the influence of Elton's ideas on the development of invasion ecology. Moreover, using the author's notes from the Elton archives at the University of Oxford, Simberloff and Ricciardi offer evidence that Elton was preparing the groundwork for a revised edition and discuss what additions and changes he intended to make. With clear language and copious examples, Ecology of Invasions is the first book to place invasions in a global context and is still the most cited work on the subject. It is an essential reference for students, researchers, and the general public who wish to understand an environmental phenomenon that has grown in magnitude and scope as a global issue for conservation and biosecurity.

Section I. Introduction -- 1. General concepts in the ecology of invertebrate diseases -- 2. Methods for studying the ecology of invertebrate diseases and pathogens -- Section II. The Basics of Invertebrate Pathogen Ecology -- 3. The pathogen population -- 4. The host population -- 5. Abiotic factors -- 6. The biotic environment -- Section III. Ecology of Pathogen Groups -- 7. Viruses -- 8. Bacteria -- 9. Fungi -- 10. Microsporidia -- 11. Nematodes -- 12. Modeling insect epizootics and their population-level consequences -- 13. Leveraging the ecology of invertebrate pathogens in micrbial control -- 14. Prevention and management of diseases in terrestrial invertebrates -- 15. Prevention and management of infectious diseases in aquatic invertebrates -- 16. Ecology of emerging infectious diseases of invertebrates -- 17. Conclusions and future directions.

This work is a collection of articles that discuss microbial predation from a variety of perspectives. It provides the readers a concise resource describing factors that are critical for several different predatory microbes, including Myxobacterium spp. and Bdellovibrio­-and-like organisms (BALOs), including the mechanisms involved, ecological conditions that adversely impact it and potential applications in aquaculture and bioproduction. The first half of this collection focuses more on ecological aspects of predation, with in-depth discussions on "wolf pack" predators, the presence and activities of predators in waste-water treatment plants and the role of intraguild predatory relationships, i.e., when two different predators are competing for a single prey but also interact with one another. The reader will gain a deeper understanding of the predatory mechanisms involved and their ecological roles. In the latter half, emphasis is given more to the application and limitations of predators. In addition to discussing secondary metabolite production within different microbial predators, the readers will also learn how predators are being used to purify secondary metabolites from prey. This section also discusses the expanding and promising role of predation in aquaculture, focusing on the application of predators to reduce pathogenic populations, but includes some important caveats for young researchers to consider and follow when working with Bdellovibrio. This work is written for both experienced researchers already in the field and for young scientists who are captivated by the thought of predation at the microscale and its growing importance within a wide-array of fields.

This book offers an overview of the larva of Diptera Cyclorrhapha. It first discusses the principal forms, functions and roles of larvae, and then evaluates feeding, locomotion and respiration in larval saprophages, phytophages and zoophages as keys to understanding and predicting larval morphology. It also highlights how the environment affects morphology, the adaptiveness of morphological features and compares the adaptive features. Assessing the larval attributes that have the potential to explain the success of the Cyclorrhapha, the book also suggests future research directions and provides a summary of main findings and conclusions. As such, it appeals to entomologists, evolutionary biologists and Diptera researchers in all fields.

Economic evaluation in health care: evidence-based medicine and evidence-based health economics -- Genomic medicine today: an introduction for health economists -- Economic evaluation and genomic medicine: what can they learn from each other? -- Introduction to the technical issues of economic evaluation -- Advanced methodological aspects in the economic evaluation -- Economic evaluation in the genomic era: some examples from the field -- Special requirements for economic evaluation and health technology assessment in genomic medicine -- A new methodological approach for cost-effectiveness analysis in genomic medicine -- Conclusions and future perspectives.

This book compiles examples of the most widely used tools in agricultural economics that have been developed and used to analyze the impact of global change in agricultural activity. The research papers on this topic are plenty but lack the methodology. The content of this book can be used by research students exploring additional methods in agricultural economics.

The book presents a basic introduction to epidemiology from the perspective of economics, using economic modeling to better understand and describe how infectious disease spreads. Three main elements are introduced: epidemiology, social network analysis, and the economics needed to model the behavior of individuals in the presence of infectious disease. The book aims to provide a starting point for discussion between medical professionals, social scientists and public health officials, the three groups interested in the spread of disease.

Much has been written about the economic causes of obesity, but this book offers a comprehensive and deep investigation of the causes and treatment of these issues in a single volume. In the second edition, the author expands upon the serious threat that obesity poses not only to our health, but also to our society. Obesity costs billions of dollars a year in lost productivity and medical expenses. The social distribution of obesity has changed over time. Obesity rates in the United States continue to worsen in parallel with income inequality. Socioeconomic groups with low personal capital, levels of education, and income have higher obesity rates. In fact, the rate of obesity has increased the fastest among low-income Americans. The disproportionate burden of obesity on the poor poses an economic challenge and an ethical imperative. The link between obesity, inactivity, and poverty may be too costly to ignore because obesity-associated chronic disease already accounts for 70% of US healthcare costs. Although economic and technological changes in the environment drove the obesity epidemic, the evidence for effective economic policies to prevent obesity remains limited. The new edition brings together a multitude of topics on obesity previously not discussed with a particular emphasis on the influence of poverty and income inequality on obesity including: Economic Analysis: Behavioral Patterns, Diet Choice, and the Role of Government Income and Wealth Inequality and Obesity Social Mobility and Health Food Policies, Government Interventions, and Reducing Poverty The Economics of Obesity is an essential text for readers interested in learning about the causes and consequences of obesity within a social context including students, academicians, and practitioners in public health, medicine, social sciences, and health economics, both in and outside of the United States. US and international policy-makers also will find the book a salient read in addressing the issues that contribute to the cycle of poverty, income inequality, and obesity.

"In response to the growing concern about equity issues and their implications for overall development, WHO established the Commission on Social Determinants of Health (CSDH) in 2005, which focused on the "social justice" or human rights arguments for health investments. CSDH investigated the factors involved in the so-called "social gradient in health", which refers to the large observable differences in health outcomes within and between countries that are determined by avoidable inequalities in the access to resources and power. CSDH aimed to further investigate the causes of health inequities, with a deliberate detachment from economic considerations, and provide advice on how to tackle them effectively. CSDH also reviewed evidence for action on a wider scope of interventions than CMH, many of which require intersectoral collaboration or advocacy. With CMH and CSDH having adopted different but perhaps complementary standpoints, it soon became clear that greater synergies had to be forged between the two. This WHO resource book on the economics of social determinants of health and health inequalities seeks to begin to build a bridge between the two approaches by explaining, illustrating and discussing the economic arguments that could (and could not) be put forth to support the case for investing in the social determinants of health on average and in the reduction in socially determined health inequalities. The resource book has two main objectives: -- to provide an overview and introduction into how economists would approach the assessment of the economic motivation to invest in the social determinants of health and socially determined health inequities, including what the major challenges are in this assessment; -- to illustrate the extent to which an economic argument can be made in favour of investment in three major social determinants of health areas: education, social protection, and urban development and infrastructure."--WHO website

Halophytes are those plant species that can tolerate high salt concentrations. There are diversified species of halophytes suited for growth in various saline regions around the world, e.g. coastal saline soil, soils of mangrove forests, wetlands, marshlands, lands of arid and semiarid regions, and agricultural fields. These plants can be grown in soil and water containing high salt concentrations and unsuitable for conventional crops, and can be good sources of food, fuel, fodder, fiber, essential oils, and medicine. Moreover, halophytes can be exploited as significant and major plant species for the desalination and restoration of saline soils, as well as phytoremediation. This book highlights recent advances in exploring the unique features of halophytes and their potential uses in our changing environment.

This book focuses in detail on all ecologically important aspects of the Kongsfjorden system such as the marine and atmospheric environment including long-term monitoring, Ecophysiology of individual species, structure and function of the ecosystem, ecological processes and biological communities. The contributed articles include review articles and research articles that have a wider approach and bring the current research up-to-date. This book will form a baseline for future work.

This book highlights ecosystem services of Indian tropical soils driven by soil properties. Soils are complex and important biomaterials and have an outstanding role in providing ecosystem services to mankind. The tropical soils have been traditionally and generally considered as either agriculturally poor or virtually useless by many. This book will discuss the difficulties encountered in managing Indian tropical soils in order to sustain their productivity. Some unique soil properties are yet to be linked explicitly to soil ecosystem services and soil care needs to be a constant research endeavour in the Indian tropical environment. This book highlights the new and unique soil knowledge base necessary to close the gap between food production and future population growth.

Over the last two decades, the topic of forest ecosystem services has attracted the attention of researchers, land managers, and policy makers around the globe. The services rendered by forest ecosystems range from intrinsic to anthropocentric benefits that are typically grouped as provisioning, regulating, supporting, and cultural. The research efforts, assessments, and attempts to manage forest ecosystems for their sustained services are now widely published in scientific literature. This volume focuses on broad-scale aspects of forest ecosystem services, beyond individual stands to large landscapes. In doing so, it illustrates the conceptual and practical opportunities as well as challenges involved with planning for forest ecosystem services across landscapes, regions, and nations. The goal here is to broaden the scope of land use planning through the adoption of a landscape-scale approach. Even though this approach is complex and involves multiple ecological, social, cultural, economic, and political dimensions, the landscape perspective appears to offer the best opportunity for a sustained provision of forest ecosystem services.

The fourth edition of this popular Handbook provides the latest guidance on prescribing and administering electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Leading researchers and practitioners review new research on ECT and related treatments, including their efficacy in children and adolescents, and in those with bipolar disorder and neurological conditions. With a focus on safe provision and minimisation of side effects, it provides the reader with practical, evidence-based advice. The book has been substantially revised: references have been updated throughout; related treatment modalities such as rTMS, tCDS and ketamine are covered in greater depth; and current administrative and legal framework guidelines are clearly outlined. An essential reference manual for consultant and trainee clinical psychiatrists, as well as ECT practitioners. This guide will benefit clinical teams looking after complex cases of depression, as well as those involved in the care of other people for whom ECT may be recommended.

"ENOX Proteins" documents a unique family of cell surface proteins which are the exclusive discovery (subsequently confirmed by others) of the authors, their students and their colleagues. An ENOX-based mechanism is provided for how cells increase in size that is both unique and applicable not only to cancer and cancer therapy but also to production agriculture and biomass increase. The role of ENOX proteins in biological time-keeping is described along with evidence for oscillations in the ratios of electron spin pairs defining ortho and para water states that form highly coordinated populations of coherent water of interest to physicists as the underlying mechanism. The age-related NADH oxidases that appear around age 30 and increase steadily thereafter with potentially causal involvements in atherogenesis and skin aging have been identified as five members of the TM-9 protein superfamily of all with different chromosomal locations. The arNOX proteins initially are membrane anchored but functionally-active N-terminal fragments that are shed into body fluids. Except for critical functional motifs, all of the ENOX protein family members have distinct protein sequences and chromosomal origins. A fourth member of the ENOX protein family occurs in plants as the primary target for both natural and synthetic growth hormone (auxin)-stimulated rapid cell enlargement. Despite masquerading as intractable and difficult to clone and characterize, ENOX proteins offer remarkable opportunities for research, commercial development and outside confirmation of new paradigms to help explain complex biological processes.

Comprised exclusively of clinical cases covering ectopic pregnancy, this concise, practical casebook will provide clinicians in reproductive medicine and obstetrics/gynecology with the best real-world strategies to properly diagnose and treat the various forms of the condition they may encounter. Each chapter is a case that opens with a unique clinical presentation, followed by a description of the diagnosis, assessment and management techniques used to treat it, as well as the case outcome and clinical pearls and pitfalls. Cases included illustrate different management strategies ? from treatment with methotrexate to surgical interventions ? as well as types of ectopic pregnancy, such as ovarian, interstitial, heterotopic and abdominal forms, among others. Pragmatic and reader-friendly, Ectopic Pregnancy: A Clinical Casebook will be an excellent resource for reproductive medicine specialists, obstetricians and gynecologists, and family and emergency medicine physicians alike.

This book explores one of the most discussed and investigated novel foods in recent years: edible insects. The increasing demand for alternative protein sources worldwide had led the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) to promote the potential of using insects both for feed and food, establishing a program called "Edible Insects." Although several social, environmental, and nutritional benefits of the use of insects in the human diet have been identified, the majority of the population in Western countries rejects the idea of adopting insects as food, predominantly for cultural reasons. Nevertheless, international interest in promoting the consumption of insects has grown significantly, mainly in North America and Europe. This trend is mostly due to increasing attention and involvement from the scientific network and the food and feed industries, as well as governments and their constituents. The book explores the current state of entomophagy and identifies knowledge gaps to inform primary research institutions, students, members of the private sector, and policymakers to better plan, develop, and implement future research studies on edible insects as a sustainable source of food. The case studies and issues presented in this book cover highly up-to-date topics such as aspects of safety and allergies for human consumption, final meat quality of animals fed with insects, the legislative framework for the commercialization of this novel food, and other relevant issues.

v. 1. Fruits -- v. 2. Fruits -- v. 3. Fruits -- v. 4. Fruits -- v. 5. Fruits -- v. 6. Fruits -- v. 7. Flowers -- v. 8. Flowers

This EDiR guide has a practical rather than a theoretical focus, and is intended as a reference tool for potential EDiR candidates who would like to gain a better understanding of the EDiR examination. A pool of experts has made every possible effort to create a single source that contains everything needed to successfully pass the EDiR examination. Times have changed, and there is certainly a new generation of radiologists who will find this cutting-edge tool a "must-have" to familiarize themselves with the examination quickly and easily. The book is divided into the following main sections: one chapter for each subspecialty; one chapter on Safety, Management and Imaging Procedures; another on Principles of Imaging Techniques and Processing; and lastly, one on Management. This structure follows the same pattern as the EDiR examination, which is based on the European Training Curriculum (ETC) for Radiology released by the European Society of Radiology (ESR). Each subspecialty is covered using the same basic structure: Multiple Response Questions (MRQs), Short Cases (SCs) and CORE Cases from one of the most recent EDiR examinations. Students will thus be able to see all the questions from a recent examination and learn from the answers and comments provided by our pool of experts. Clinical cases as electronic supplementary material complete the book, and links to EDiR preparation sessions are also included, allowing students to improve their knowledge of specific areas.

This book explores the lives and achievements of two Irish sisters, Edith and Florence Stoney, who pioneered the use of new electromedical technologies, especially X-rays but also ultraviolet radiation and diathermy. In addition, however, the narrative follows several intertwined themes as experienced by the sisters during their lifetimes. Their upbringing, influenced by their liberal-minded scientist father, set the tone for both their lives. Irish independence fractured their family heritage. Their professional experiences, fulfilling for Florence as a qualified doctor but often frustrating for Edith as a Cambridge-educated scientist, mirrored those of other aspiring women during this period, when the suffragist movement expanded and womens lobby groups were formed. World War I created an environment in which their unusual specialist knowledge was widely needed, and the sisters war experiences are carefully examined in the book. But ultimately this is the extraordinary story of two independent but closely bonded sisters and their abiding love and support for one another.

1. Introduction -- 2. Characterizing physicians' information needs at the point of care -- 3. Access of primary and secondary literature by health personnel in an academic health center : implications for open access -- 4. Evidence-based medicine training in undergraduate medical education : a review and critique of the literature published 2006-2011 -- 5. Challenges to learning evidence-based medicine and education approaches to meet them : a qualitative study of selected EBM curricula in North American medical schools -- 6. Designing evidence-based medicine training to optimize transfer of skills from the classroom to clinical practice : apply the Four Component Instructional Design Model -- 7. Discussion.

Do you want to improve your teaching skills in graduate medical education? This book provides suggestions and practical examples for teaching in the Pre-Anesthesia Clinic, the Operating Room, the Pain Clinic, and the ICU. Designed to help the reader become a more efficient and effective teacher, it also provides best practice suggestions for teaching airway management, regional anesthesia, transesophageal echocardiography, and newer technologic advancements such as point-of-care ultrasound. Based on research in education, this book provides information for all medical educators, including creating the optimal learning environment, teaching clinical reasoning, using multimedia and simulation, making the classroom interactive, and the significance of test-enhanced learning, while presenting specific examples of each. Chapters include teaching professionalism, preparing residents to be teachers, teaching quality and safety, providing feedback, and teaching residents how to read the literature. This volume emphasizes providing practical suggestions from recognized leaders in each of the areas discussed.

Foreword -- How can e-learning support PBL groups? A systematic literature review -- How do students use their mobile devices in PBL? -- Are Wikipedia articles and YouTube videos reliable resources in problem-based learning curricula -- Peeking behind the curtain of PBL learning processes: An ethnographic study among medical students -- Video as context and conduit for problem-based learning -- PBL facilitation with interactive whiteboards: An interactional ethnography -- E-learning for e-health: Improving concepts to improve curriculum -- The deteriorating patient Smartphone app: Serious game design -- Mobile just-in-time situated learning resources for surgical clerkships -- Utilising mobile electronic health records in clinical education -- EEG and dental simulators indicate skill-learning pathways -- Impact of haptic simulation on dental student performance -- Opportunities of a virtual reality training environment in dental education -- Measuring emotions in medicine: Methodological and technological advances within authentic medical learning environments.

Health care from the inside out : bringing the self of the healer into the practice of medicine : an interview with Parker J. Palmer / Marcy Jackson -- From freedom to learn to freedom to innovate : the Harvard Macy Institute story / Elizabeth J. Armstrong with Sylvia Barsion -- Facilitating the effectiveness of medical teachers : improving teaching through faculty development / Kelley M. Skeff, Georgette A. Stratos -- Education of a teacher / William T. Branch Jr. -- Influencing the culture of educational assessment in academic health science centers / Eric Holmboe, William Iobst -- A quality improvement management model for curriculum evaluation and integration / Thomas R. Viggiano -- The dissemination of relationship-centered care approaches to enhance the informal curriculum of academic health science centers / Ann H. Cottingham [and others] -- Partners in global health medical education : learner-centered curriculum in resource-poor environments / Paul O. Ayuo, [et al.] -- An academic health science center's journey toward teaching and delivering patient-centered care / Dale Smith -- The power of doing meaningful work together / Shirley M. Moore -- Reforming medical education : confessions of a battered humanist / DeWitt C. Baldwin Jr. -- Concluding reflections on creating enduring change / Linda A. Headrick, Ann H. Cottingham, Debra K. Litzelman.

This book presents the conceptual and mathematical basis and the implementation of both electroencephalogram (EEG) and EEG signal processing in a comprehensive, simple, and easy-to-understand manner. EEG records the electrical activity generated by the firing of neurons within human brain at the scalp. They are widely used in clinical neuroscience, psychology, and neural engineering, and a series of EEG signal-processing techniques have been developed. Intended for cognitive neuroscientists, psychologists and other interested readers, the book discusses a range of current mainstream EEG signal-processing and feature-extraction techniques in depth, and includes chapters on the principles and implementation strategies.

This text comprehensively covers novel, innovative technologies used in the food and beverage industries in order to provide safe and healthy foods for consumers. The research provided in these chapters aims to show that the traditional pasteurization and commercial sterilization of foods result in unacceptable quality and nutrient retention, creating an important need for alternative methods used to minimize undesirable reactions such as thermal decomposition or degradation. Emerging processing methods to minimize heat induced alterations in foods and their applications are covered in-depth, demonstrating that these methods are useful not only for the inactivation of microorganisms and enzymes but also for improving the yield and development of ingredients and marketable foods with higher quality and better nutritional characteristics. Effect of Emerging Processing Methods on the Food Quality: Advantages and Challenges not only covers the advantages of using innovative processing methods, but also the disadvantages and challenges of using these techniques on food quality. Each chapter focuses on a different emerging processing technique, breaking down the sensory, textural and nutritional aspects for different food products in addition to the advantages and challenges for each method. New technologies and advanced theories are a major focus, pointing to innovative new paths for the quality and safety assurance in food products. From pulsed electric fields to ultrasounds, this work covers all aspects of emerging processing techniques for fruits and vegetables, foods and dairy products.

This book shows how a successful public health policy designed to foster the culture of brain death diagnosis and improve the interaction between Organ Procurement Organizations and Intra-Hospital Organ and Tissue Donation Committees for Transplants led the Brazilian state of Paraná to reach one of the highest rates of effective organ donors per million population in the world. Brazil has the largest public transplant system in the world, and each of the country’s 26 states is responsible for organizing its own transplant system. The state of Paraná, with 11 million inhabitants, has stood out in this regard in the last decade. It reached 47.7 effective donors per million population (pmp), performing better than countries such as the United States (33.3/pmp), Canada (21.9/pmp), Portugal (33.6/pmp) and Croatia (41.2/pmp). The remodeling of Paraná’s transplant system, between 2011 and 2020, was based on the recognized Spanish model, but has some unique characteristics. This book seeks to describe all the steps of this remodeling, describing its characteristics and explaining how the new system was built. By presenting an in-depth analysis of a local successful case, Effective Public Health Policy in Organ Donation: Lessons from a Universal Public Health System in Brazil seeks to provide useful information to policy makers, health professionals and students from different fields within the health sciences interested in understanding how public health policies can improve organ donation rates, especially in developing countries. Describes the highly efficient organ procurement system developed in the state of Paraná, Brazil Brazil Presents a model that can be reproduced in countries with lesser socio-economic development Explains the construction and development of Paraná’s organ procurement system, allowing replication.

"This book provides a thorough understanding of the history, classification and multiple options of treatment for trigeminal neuralgia. It addresses the entire pathology of trigeminal neuralgia and minimally to maximally invasive approaches to treating this phenomenon"--Provided by publisher

This book explains how training in arthroscopic skills is best carried out in order to keep up to date with advances in arthroscopy, meet the ever-increasing demand for high-quality care, and respond to changes in available training time. State of the art developments regarding tools, performance monitoring, and learning strategies are presented, and practical guidelines provided for direct implementation in daily clinical practice. The coverage of simulation-based training ranges from the use of wet labs and box trainers through to sophisticated virtual reality simulators. Subsequent sections on objective performance tracking of training outside and in the operating room cover a variety of key aspects, including psychomotor learning, the adequacy of performance measures, evidence-based thresholds, preclinical training strategies, the role of global rating scales, and video tools. As a result of the success of arthroscopy, its role in the orthopaedic armamentarium is continuously increasing and ever more complex surgeries are being performed arthroscopically. Effective training in arthroscopy is essential to good outcomes. The guidance provided in this book by acknowledged experts in the field will assist in improving the efficiency and effectiveness of arthroscopic training and in enhancing patient safety.

"Effective Weight Loss presents 25 detailed sessions of an empirically supported, cognitive-behavioral treatment package called Acceptance-Based Behavioral Treatment (ABT). The Clinician Guide is geared towards helping administer treatment, and the companion Workbook provides summaries of session content, exercises, worksheets, handouts, and assignments for patients and clients receiving the treatment"-- Provided by publisher.

'Effective Weight Loss' presents 25 detailed sessions of an empirically supported, cognitive-behavioural treatment package called Acceptance-Based Behavioral Treatment (ABT).

Rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the most common injuries to the knee. Unfortunately, individuals who experience this injury are likely to develop osteoarthritis of the knee much earlier than would be expected due to the normal ageing process, and this remains true even after surgical reconstruction of the ligament. Research has suggested that a major contributing factor to the development of premature osteoarthritis is altered knee mechanics which change the loading conditions of the cartilage in the joint. Furthermore, it has been shown that altered knee mechanics are present following rupture of the ACL and persist after reconstruction surgery. Despite initial reports, there still remains a need for a comprehensive understanding of both altered knee mechanics in both ACL deficient and ACL reconstructed knees as well as changes in cartilage morphology following ACL injury. Therefore, the goal of this dissertation is to address the question of the relationship between certain changes in knee mechanics and cartilage morphology as they relate to the development of osteoarthritis following both ACL injury and reconstruction. The first study presented involves an analysis of the knee mechanics in individuals with unilateral ACL deficiencies. This group was important in that they were free of knee pain and had no sign of osteoarthritis on MRI over a time frame that ranged up to three decades from injury. This provided a unique opportunity to explore the potential for a protective functional adaption. The results of this study suggest that alteration in knee mechanics may act as a protective mechanism against osteoarthritis development since when subjects were separated into "Short Term" and "Long Term", based upon the time from injury, only those in the "Long Term" group demonstrated a relationship between the external knee flexion moment, which is representative of the interaction between quadriceps and hamstrings muscle to control rotation and translation during walking. This is indicative of an adaptive control mechanism present in some subjects who were able to last many years after the injury without reconstruction surgery. These results suggest the potential for new methods for rehabilitation following ACL injury. The second study presented involves an analysis of the knee mechanics of individuals with unilateral ACL reconstructions during gait, stair ascent, and stair descent at two years from surgery. The results demonstrate a reduction in the external joint moments of ACL reconstructed knees and an increase in the joint moments of uninjured contralateral knees during each activity compared to healthy controls. This suggests two things: 1.) compensation for residual muscle weakness in the affected limb is needed by the contralateral knee during ambulation and 2.) a decrease in daily joint loading in ACL reconstructed knees and an increase in joint loading in contralateral knees. Decreased loading of the ACL reconstructed knee may seem counterintuitive to what was expected in patients who will likely develop premature osteoarthritis in this knee. However, this finding is consistent with the suggestion that changes in joint kinematics and even decreased joint loading following the injury may contribute to the initial cartilage breakdown. Note: Taken together the results of study 1 and 2 suggest that the interaction between muscle function and kinematics should be further considered in the development of knee OA in this population. The third and final study involves articular cartilage morphology analysis of individuals with unilateral ACL reconstructions at two and four years from surgery. The results illustrate differences between cartilage thickness of ACL reconstructed and healthy contralateral knees at both times of testing. The findings show significantly thinner cartilage in the lateral tibial compartment of ACL reconstructed knees at two years from surgery. These differences became more pronounced at four years from surgery and include the addition of a significantly thicker medial region of the tibia of ACL reconstructed knees compared to healthy contralateral knees. The results indicate that patterns of cartilage thickness change are detectable as early two years following ACL reconstruction, and these patterns become more pronounced at 4 years which suggests cartilage begins a degenerative pathway substantially in advance of clinically detectable OA. This finding is important since it provides a basis for assessing early interventions to reduce the risk of knee OA following ACL injury. This dissertation helps to further the understanding of altered knee mechanics following both ACL rupture and reconstruction. In addition, a possible pattern of OA initiation has been reported. Each of these studies will benefit future studies with the ultimate goal of a complete understanding of OA initiation and development in ACL ruptured and reconstructed knees.

Drug use and abuse continues to thrive in contemporary society worldwide and the instance and damage caused by addiction increases along with availability. The Effects of Drug Abuse on the Human Nervous System presents objective, state-of-the-art information on the impact of drug abuse on the human nervous system, with each chapter offering a specific focus on nicotine, alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, methamphetamine, MDMA, sedative-hypnotics, and designer drugs. Other chapters provide a context for drug use, with overviews of use and consequences, epidemiology and risk factors, genetic.

The meeting of Aquatic Noise 2013 will introduce participants to the most recent research data, regulatory issues and thinking about effects of man-made noise and will foster critical cross-disciplinary discussion between the participants. Emphasis will be on the cross-fertilization of ideas and findings across species and noise sources. As with its predecessor, The Effects of Noise on Aquatic Life: 3rd International Conference will encourage discussion of the impact of underwater sound, its regulation and mitigation of its effects. With over 100 contributions from leading researchers, a wide range of sources of underwater sound will be considered.

Breast cancer is the most deadly cancer for women in developing countries and the second most deadly cancer for women in developed nations. Mammograms are an essential component to early detection of breast cancer; however, only 20% of biopsied breast lesions are cancerous. Researchers have spent the last two decades developing computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) systems to aid in the screening and diagnosis process, yet no CADx system has progressed to clinical use. I believe that the research in CADx of breast cancer in mammography could be improved by incorporating imaging features from the tissue surrounding masses. It has been shown that breast density is related to cancer risk, and the environment of a mass seen on a cellular level can aid in predicting survival. This knowledge has not yet been utilized in our design of CADx systems. I hypothesize that the utilization of surrounding breast tissue features will improve the performance of CADx systems in mammography. In order to test my hypothesis, I have proceeded through three steps. First, I have developed a standard data set for use in CADx system evaluation. Second, I have developed methods of unsupervised feature learning for quantitative analysis. Finally, I have tested the developed feature learning methods on the mass and on the tissue surrounding a mass. The CADx system I built including the features from surrounding tissue achieved an A_Z of 0.80. This result exceeded that of all other methods tested on this data set. As such, the result supports my hypothesis that radiographic imaging features from the tissue surrounding masses are discriminatory for diagnosis and can be used to improve the performance of CADx systems.

Machine learning and big data is hot. It is, however, virtually unused in clinical trials. This is so, because randomization is applied to even out multiple variables. Modern medical computer files often involve hundreds of variables like genes and other laboratory values, and computationally intensive methods are required. This is the first publication of clinical trials that have been systematically analyzed with machine learning. In addition, all of the machine learning analyses were tested against traditional analyses. Step by step statistics for self-assessments are included. The authors conclude, that machine learning is often more informative, and provides better sensitivities of testing than traditional analytic methods do.

Aiming at building efficient radiology operations, this book walks the reader through the entire radiology workflow, from the moment that the examination is requested to the reporting of findings. Using their practical experience, the authors draw attention to the many elements that can go wrong at each step, and explain how critical analysis and objective metrics can be used to fix broken processes. Readers will learn how to measure the efficiency of their workflows, where to find relevant data, and how to use it in the most productive ways. The book also addresses how data can be turned into insightful operational information to produce organizational change. All aspects of radiology operations are considered including ordering, scheduling, protocols, checking-in, image acquisition, image interpretation, communication, and billing. The closing section provides a deeper dive into the advanced tools and techniques that are used to analyze operations, including queuing theory, process mining and artificial intelligence.

Study the essentials of organic chemistry efficiently! This e-book for bachelor and master students facilitates effective learning and is renowned for the quality of its content. Based on the author's long teaching experience, this book has been developed from lecture scripts of courses held in the USA and in Germany. It comprises the molecular orbital model to explain covalent bonding in organic molecules, the classes of organic compounds including natural products, polymers and biopolymers, basic concepts (orbital hybridization, resonance, aromaticity), types and mechanisms of organic reactions, and essential aspects of molecular structure such as atom connectivities, skeletal isomerism, conformation, configuration and chirality.

The book discusses the importance of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) as a crop, highlighting the potential for eggplant to serve as a model for understanding several evolutionary and taxonomic questions. It also explores the genomic make-up, in particular in comparison to other Solanaceous crops, and examines the parallels between eggplant and tomato domestication as well as between the most common eggplant species and two related eggplants native to Africa (Ethiopian eggplant [Solanum aethiopicum L.] and African eggplant [Solanum macrocarpon L.]). The eggplant genome was first sequenced in 2014, and an improved version was due to be released in 2017. Further investigations have revealed the relationships between wild species, domesticated eggplant, and feral weedy eggplant (derived from the domesticate), as well as targets of selection during domestication. Parallels between eggplant and tomato domestication loci are well known and the molecular basis is currently being investigated. Eggplant is a source of nutrition for millions of people worldwide, especially in Southeast Asia where it is a staple food source. Domesticated in the old world, in contrast to its congeners tomato and potato, the eggplant is morphologically and nutritionally diverse. The spread of wild eggplants from Africa is particularly interesting from a cultural point of view. This book brings together diverse fields of research, from bioinformatics to taxonomy to nutrition to allow readers to fully understand eggplant's importance and potential.

The debate over eHealth is alive as never before. Supporters suggest that it will result in dramatic innovations in healthcare, including a giant leap towards patient-centered care, new opportunities to improve effectiveness, and enhanced wellness and quality of life. In addition, the growing market value of investments in health IT suggests that eHealth can offer at least a partial cure for the current economic stagnation. Detractors counter these arguments by claiming that eHealth has already failed: the UK Department of Health has shut down the NHS National Program for IT, Google has discontinued its Health flagship, and doubts have arisen over privacy safeguards for both patients and medical professionals. This book briefly explains why caregivers, professionals, technicians, patients, politicians, and others should all consider themselves stakeholders in eHealth. It offers myth-busting responses to some ill-considered arguments from both sides of the trench, in the process allowing a fresh look at eHealth. In addition, it describes how the technical failures of previous eHealth systems can be avoided, examines the legal basis of eHealth, and discusses associated ethical issues.

This book introduces the basic tenets and technique skills for endovascular embolization and provides the most up-to-date technical advancements, treatment strategy evolution, and literature review related to the endovascular treatment of brain aneurysms. The most special feature of this book is how the content is organized. The morphology, instead of the location, dictates the treatment strategy applied and procedure skills required for the endovascular treatment of brain aneurysms. Hence, the book is structured with a new conceptual way of classifying aneurysms into eight different types based on the morphological characteristics of brain aneurysms. The specific technical skills and treatment strategies for these different aneurysm categories are described separately in their own chapters. Another important feature of the book is the combination of detailed technical descriptions of the skills, strategies, and advancement in the field accompanied with case presentations. The large and comprehensive collection of the case presentations further enhances the points in the text. This book can be used as a handbook on endovascular treatment of brain aneurysms. It can also help physicians in the early careers of these subspecialties for their daily practice and board preparation. The text will provide the most up-to-date knowledge for more experienced endovascular neurosurgeons and interventionalists on the topics of new techniques and endovascular products. Additionally, it can also serve as a practice guidance resource for nurse practitioners and physician assistants of the above subspecialties.

T. 1. Einführung in das Wesen der Magen-, Darm- und Stoffwechsel-Krankheiten.

This book is a short-form guide designed to fill a training gap in medical education. It is a reference that will help interns and junior residents understand and appropriately respond to real world situations that they will be encountering as newly minted physicians. The book outlines a basic methodology for electrocardiogram (EKG) interpretation and sets a framework for the junior resident physician to use to approach every EKG. It describes common dysrhythmias that residents will often encounter, on the wards, in the emergency department, and in clinic. It uses many high-quality images to prime junior learners in the interpretation and recognition of high yield EKGs. Chapters address commonly encountered pathology, such as atrio-ventricular blocks, tachydysrhythmias, acute coronary syndrome, and syncope. The conversational tone of this book is designed to mimic how staff physicians talk to senior medical students and junior residents, maximizing readability to enhance retention. EKG Teaching Rounds is a case-based book that will quickly become an essential reference text for medical professionals in training who are looking to advance their knowledge of EKG interpretation. This book is relevant for every medical specialty and every level of medical education.

Basics of cardiac physiology and relationship to the EKG rhythm output -- Introduction to the EKG, cardiac anatomy, and electrical conduction system -- Defining the intervals -- Lead review -- Rate -- Rhythm -- Axis -- Heart block -- Ischemia and infarction -- Supraventricular tachycardia -- Ventricular arrhythmias -- paced EKGs -- Drug and electrolyte effects on the EKG -- Clinical conditions that affect the EKG -- Applying EKG skills to clinical practice.

Introduction to elastography / Richard G. Barr -- Principles of elastography / Richard G. Barr -- Elastography for diffuse liver disease / Giovanna Ferraioli, Mabel Zicchetti, Raffaella Lissandrin, and Carlo Filice -- Elastography for focal liver disease / Stephanie R. Wilson -- Elastography of the breast / Richard G. Barr -- Elastography of the thyroid gland / Vito Cantisani, H. Grazhdani, E. David, F. Calliada, N. Di Leo, M. Di Segni, A. Masciotra, C. Catalano, and F. D'Ambrosio -- Elastography of the prostate / Jean-Michel Correas and O. Hélénon -- Elastography of the lymph nodes / Nitin Chaubal, Anupam Bam, and Ketki Khadtare -- Elastography of the spleen, pancreas, and kidney / Mirko D'Onofrio, Vito Cantisani, Emilio Quaia, Riccardo De Robertis, Costanza Bruno, Stefano Crosara, Valentina Ciaravino, Antonio Giulio Gennari, Michele Pontello, and Roberto Pozzi Mucelli -- Elastography of the musculoskeletal system / Richard G. Barr, Amy M. Lex, and Nelson A. Hager -- Elastography of small parts / Fabrizio Calliada, Vito Cantisani, Chandra Bortolotto, Hector Grazhdani, Emanuele David, Antonio Pio Masciot, and Andrea Isidori -- Magnetic resonance elastography / Bogdan Dzyubak -- Future applications of elastography / David O. Cosgrove.

This volume explores the main applications of elastographic techniques in hepatological and gastroenterological diseases, and elaborates on the use of these diagnostic techniques in a broad range of clinical settings; in this regard, it provides a clear critical methodological approach to the correct indication, taking into account the existing diagnostic pathways, the actual diagnostic accuracy of elastographic techniques, and their impact on clinical practice in terms of correct positioning of the test in the diagnostic pathway and clinical outcomes improvement. In the first chapters, which focus on the correct methodology for Diagnostic Accuracy Assessment of non -invasive techniques, the architecture of diagnostic research is discussed. In turn, the following sections describe a broad range of clinical applications in hepatology and gastroenterology. The closing section presents a number of case studies on practical issues, together with a critical discussion on how to promote the appropriate use of these technologies. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to specialists, post-graduate medical students, and researchers in the fields of hepatology and gastroenterology.

Part I. Exposures -- part II. Fractures and trauma -- part III. Complications of trauma -- part IV. Soft tissue injuries and management -- part V. Nonreplacement and reconstructive surgery -- part VI. Joint replacement arthroplasty -- part VII. Postoperative management.

This book provides readers with detailed guidance on the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of injuries and disorders of the elbow, including dislocation, complex instability, articular fractures, epicondylitis and epitrochleitis, distal biceps and triceps tendon injuries, peripheral nerve pathology, snapping triceps syndrome, elbow stiffness, and upper limb compartment syndrome. The choice between conservative and surgical treatment in different settings is clearly explained, and detailed advice offered on selection of surgical technique. A separate section provides a deeper understanding of the most common sports-related elbow pathologies, and their management, based on careful correlation with the movements performed by athletes in particular sports. Extensive consideration is also given to rehabilitation and physiotherapy protocols. This book will be of value for all orthopedic surgeons and other specialists who care for patients with elbow injuries, which can represent a challenge even to the more experienced.

Clinical relevant anatomy of the elbow -- Biomechanics of the elbow joint in overhead athletes -- Physical examination of the elbow -- Imaging of the elbow in overhead athletes -- Preventions of elbow injuries -- Medial sided elbow pain -- New aspects in UCL stabilization -- Evaluation of medial coll rec by ultrasound -- Olecranon elbow pain in sportsmen -- Lateral sided elbow pain -- Conservative treatments in lateral elbow pain -- PRP in lateral elbow pain -- Degenerative elbow in sportsmen -- Distal Biceps tendon pathology -- Triceps tendon pathology -- Triceps repair -- Posterior impingement of the elbow joint -- Nerve compression syndromes around the elbow in sportsmen -- Endoscopy around the elbow -- Ulnar nerve problems in sportsmen -- Acute sports related injuries -- Elbow Dislocation in Extreme Sports -- Complex elbow dislocation -- Radial head fractures -- Fractures of the olecranon -- Rehabilitation of the elbow joint.

This handbook provides detailed, state-of-the-art information on total elbow replacement, covering all relevant aspects, from basic science and pathogenesis to clinical and instrumental evaluation, and treatment techniques. Elbow arthroplasties have undergone a considerable evolution in recent decades due to better anatomical and biomechanical knowledge, continuous development of biomaterials, improvement of operative techniques and better definition of the surgical indications. This book enables readers to better understand the main indications, the outcomes and the complications following total elbow arthroplasty, radial head arthroplasty, radiocapitellar arthroplasty and distal humerus hemiarthroplasty. The closing section addressing the post-operative management of the patients who have undergone elbow replacement is provided in order to optimize the relationship between the orthopedic surgeon and the rehabilitation physician. Written by leading experts in the field, the book is an invaluable tool for experienced surgeons, orthopedic residents and shoulder fellows.

Anatomy and Portals -- Arthroscopic Technique -- Osteochondritis Dissecans Lesions and Loose Bodies of the Elbow -- Arthroscopic Treatment of Lateral Epicondylitis -- Elbow Arthroscopy in Stiff Elbow -- The Role of Arthroscopy in Elbow Instability -- Endoscopy Around the Elbow -- Arthroscopic Treatment of Elbow Fractures -- Elbow Arthroscopy Complications -- Elbow Arthroscopy: The Future.

Clinically Relevant Elbow Anatomy and Surgical Approaches -- Ulnar Collateral Ligament: Throwing Biomechanics -- Valgus Extension Overload -- Ulnohumeral Chondral and Ligamentous Overload -- Epidemiology of Elbow Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injuries -- History and Physical Exam on the Thrower's Elbow -- Radiographic Imaging of the Elbow -- MR Imaging in Patients with Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injury -- Ultrasound Imaging of Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injury -- The Conservative Treatment of Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injuries -- Injections Including Platelet Rich Plasma -- Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction: Graft Selection and Harvest Technique -- Primary Repair of Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injuries of the Elbow -- The Role of Arthroscopy in Athletes with Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injuries -- Biomechanics of Reconstruction Constructs -- Figure of 8 Technique and Outcomes -- Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction: Docking Technique -- American Sports Medicine Institute Techniques and Outcomes -- Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction: Alternative Surgical Techniques -- Combined Flexor-Pronator Mass and Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injuries -- Ulnar Nerve Issues in Throwing Athletes -- Revision Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction -- Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injuries in High School-Aged Athletes -- Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injury in Female Athletes -- Complications of Ulnar Collateral Ligament Repair -- Sports Specific Outcomes for Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction -- Rehabilitation of the Overhead Athlete{u2019}s Elbow -- Sport Specific Rehabilitation after Ulnar Collateral Ligament Surgery.

Two misfits. One extraordinary love. Eleanor -- Red hair, wrong clothes. Standing behind him until he turns his head. Lying beside him until he wakes up. Making everyone else seem drabber and flatter and never good enough -- Eleanor. Park -- He knows she'll love a song before he plays it for her. He laughs at her jokes before she ever gets to the punch line. There's a place on his chest, just below his throat, that makes her want to keep promises -- Park. Set over the course of one school year, this is the story of two star-crossed sixteen-year-olds -- smart enough to know that first love almost never lasts, but brave and desperate enough to try.

Mutations in CACNA1C, the gene encoding the L-type voltage gated calcium channel (LTC) Cav1.2, have been associated with autism, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. In this thesis, I investigated the role of activity through the LTC Cav1.2 on the generation of excitatory projection neurons in the developing cortex. LTCs such as Cav1.2 convert electrical activity into calcium signals that activate programs of gene expression in the developing nervous system. A gain of function mutation in an alternatively spliced exon of Cav1.2 causes Timothy Syndrome (TS), a multisystemic disorder characterized by cardiac arrhythmias and autism. Using an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) platform, our lab previously reported that neurons from TS patients have altered gene expression suggesting a change in the abundance and laminar identity of early-born cortical projection neurons. As part of my thesis work, I demonstrated that Cav1.2 is expressed in the developing cortex in the mouse and human brain, and that GABA depolarization-induced calcium rises in NPCs and immature neurons can be completely blocked by pharmacological inhibitors of LTCs. I then found that splicing of Cav1.2 is dynamically regulated during mouse embryonic brain development and in human iPSC-derived cells. The exon containing the TS mutation is predominantly expressed in immature cells, and the TS mutation causes subtle alterations in Cav1.2 mRNA splicing, resulting in overabundance of the mutant exon in Cav1.2 transcripts. Through a series of in utero electroporation experiments mimicking TS, I found that over-expressing TS or wild type Cav1.2 in vivo recapitulates the differentiation defects reflected by our gene expression studies in iPSC-derived TS neurons, resulting in reduced SATB2-expressing putative callosally projecting neurons and increased CTIP2-expressing subcortically projecting cells. Over-expressing a channel that cannot carry calcium eliminates this effect, supporting the idea that excess calcium signaling may underlie differentiation defects observed in TS patient cells. In utero loss of function of Cav1.2 has the opposite effect, resulting in an overabundance of SATB2-expressing cells in the cortical plate. In a collaborative project exploring another genetically defined form of autism caused by deletion of the 16p11.2 genomic locus, we also observed a reduction in SATB2-expressing cells, suggesting the possibility of common cortical differentiation defects across ASDs. Together, this work indicates that altered expression of Cav1.2 can bidirectionally regulate the differentiation of early-born cortical projection neurons and seeds the idea that the abundance of SATB2 and CTIP2-expressing cells may be a point of convergence for multiple psychiatric disorders.

Part I. Secondary Hereditary and Acquired Cardiac Channelopathies and Sudden Cardiac Death. Introduction to Part Three: Cardiac Remodeling / N. A. Mark Estes III -- Arrhythmias and Arrhythmia Management in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy / J. Martijn Bos, Steve R. Ommen, Michael J. Ackerman -- Sudden Cardiac Death in Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Skeletal Muscular Dystrophy / Ingrid A. W. van Rijsingen, Anneke J. van der Kooi, Yigal M. Pinto -- Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy/Dysplasia / Hugh Calkins, Frank Marcus -- The Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome and the Risk of Sudden Death / Michael H. Gollob ... [et al.] -- Acquired (Drug-Induced) Long and Short QT Syndromes / Rashmi R. Shah, Ihor Gussak -- Acquired Form of Brugada Syndrome / Wataru Shimizu -- Part II. Clinical Rhythmology: Diagnostic Methods and Tools. Introduction to Part IV: Abnormal Electrical Functions of the Heart and Their Diagnoses in Clinic / Benjamin C. Eloff -- Diagnostic Electrocardiography / Preben Bjerregaard -- Microvolt T Wave Alternans: Mechanisms and Implications for Prediction of Sudden Cardiac Death / Florian Rader, Lance D. Wilson, Ottorino Costantini -- Heart Rate Variability: Measurements and Risk Stratification / Yi Gang -- Orthostatic Challenge Tests: Active Standing and Head-Up Tilt / Louise R. A. Olde Nordkamp, Nynke van Dijk, Wouter Wieling -- Signal Averaged ECG / Gioia Turitto ... [et al.] -- Surface Mapping and Magneto-Electrocardiography / Satsuki Yamada, Akihiko Kandori -- Ambulatory Monitoring: (Holter, Event Recorders, External, and Implantable Loop Recorders and Wireless Technology) / Rajesh N. Subbiah, Pow-Li Chia, Peter Leong-Sit -- Device Therapy for Remote Patient Management / Dwight W. Reynolds, Christina M. Murray, Robin Germany -- Invasive Electrophysiologic Testing: Role in Sudden Death Prediction / Jan Němec, Win-Kuang Shen -- Provocative (Drug) Testing in Inherited Arrhythmias / Wataru Shimizu, Michael J. Ackerman -- Novel Predictors of Sudden Cardiac Death / Sumeet S. Chugh, Rasmus Havmöller, Carmen Teodorescu -- Genetic Testing / David J. Tester, Michael J. Ackerman -- Part III. Risk Stratification of Sudden Cardiac Death in Acquired Clinical Conditions. Introduction to Part Five: Screening for Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death / John B. Kostis -- Risk Stratification for Sudden Death in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease / Emerson H. Liu, Lilian P. Joventino, Alfred E. Buxton -- Sudden Death in Athletes / Domenico Corrado, Anna Baritussio, Mariachiara Siciliano -- Cardiac Channelopathies and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome / Peter J. Schwartz, Marco Stramba-Badiale, John R. Giudicessi -- Heart Failure and Sudden Death / Yong-Mei Cha, Win-Kuang Shen -- Neurologic Conditions and Sudden Death / David M. Ficker, Elson L. So -- Sudden Cardiac Death and Alcohol / Vincent M. Figueredo, Bhaskar Purushottam -- Sudden Cardiac Death and Addictive Chemical Substances / Bhaskar Purushottam, Vincent M. Figueredo -- Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Sudden Death / Apoor S. Gami, Virend K. Somers -- Sudden Cardiac Arrest in Chronic Kidney Disease / Rod Passman, Mai Ots-Rosenberg, Ihor Gussak -- Clinical Trials in Sudden Cardiac Death Prevention: Principles and Endpoints / Andrzej S. Kosinski -- Part IV. Treatment and Prevention Modalities. Introduction to Part IV: Treatment Modalities / Mark E. Josephson -- Clinical Role of Antiarrhythmic Drugs in the Prevention of Sudden Death / Hon-Chi Lee, Kristin T. L. Huang -- Non-antiarrhythmic Drugs in Sudden Death Prevention / Leonard Ilkhanoff, Alan H. Kadish, Jason T. Jacobson -- Non-surgical Treatment and Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation / Patricia Tung, Peter J. Zimetbaum -- Surgical Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation / John M. Stulak, Hartzell V. Schaff -- Catheter Ablation for Triggered Ventricular Fibrillation and Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia / Frédéric Sacher ... [et al.] -- Catheter Ablation for Scar-Dependent Ventricular Tachycardia / Roy M. John, William G. Stevenson -- The Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator: Technical and Clinical Considerations / Bruce L. Wilkoff, Sergio G. Thal -- Beyond Sudden Death Prevention: Minimizing ICD Shocks and Morbidity, and Optimizing Efficacy / Eyal Nof ... [et al.] -- Pacing and Cardiac Resynchronization / Robert F. Rea.

The past two decades have witnessed an explosion of knowledge and radical changes in our understanding of the molecular, ionic, genetic, and pharmacologic basis of electrical diseases of the heart. Electrical diseases of the heart are heritable arrhythmogenic clinical entities that may share common clinical and genetic features, yet may be distinctly different in their genesis, prognosis, and management. Notably, both congenital and acquired electrical diseases of the heart are receiving increased recognition as a result of important advances in genetic analysis. In this second edition of Electrical Diseases of the Heart, the Editors' goal has been to embrace and highlight the explosion of knowledge that our field has witnessed since the publication of the first edition. The approach continues to be one of bridging basic and clinical science in an attempt to advance meaningfully our understanding of heart disease and identify the knowledge gaps that exist. This volume covers the basic foundations and primary electrical diseases and with the companion volume provides the latest developments in the field of experimental and clinical cardiac electrophysiology, genetics, pharmacology and interventional therapies of various clinical arrhythmogenic entities. Residents, fellows and physicians in cardiology and electrophysiology will gain valuable insight into the latest developments in the field of cardiac electrophysiology and clinical electrocardiology by reading this book, including expert review of the genetic and epidemiologic considerations, diagnostic and therapeutic modalities of the newly discovered clinical syndromes and electrocardiographic phenomena, and their correlation with the most recent advances in the basic science.

"This book will enable the reader to gain a sound understanding of contemporary and futuristic evidence-based interventions and assessment procedures for pelvic floor disorders. It gathers the experiences of some of the most important experts on electrical stimulation techniques, offering a multidisciplinary and problem-oriented approach organized according to therapeutic goals. Interventions are recommended that are consistent with theory and display clinical efficacy for specific disorders, including urinary incontinence or retention, fecal incontinence, constipation, pelvic pain, sexual dysfunction, and neurological diseases involving the pelvic floor. All of the surgical or rehabilitative techniques requiring electrical stimulation for the treatment of these disorders are explored, and essential background information is provided on functional anatomy, neurophysiology, and concepts in electrotherapy. This volume will be a very useful tool for urologists, general or colorectal surgeons, gynecologists, and anesthesiologists, and also physiotherapists and alternative medicine practitioners (a specific chapter focuses on electroacupuncture). It will assist in their clinical practice as they seek to help the very many patients who suffer from any of the wide range of functional pelvic floor disorders"--Publisher's description.

"A comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the latest research trends in conductive polymers and polymer hybrids, summarizing recent achievements. The book begins by introducing conductive polymer materials and their classification, while subsequent chapters discuss the various syntheses, resulting properties and up-scaling as well as the important applications in biomedical and biotechnological fields, including biosensors and biodevices. The whole is rounded off by a look at future technological advances. The result is a well-structured, essential reference for beginners as well as experienced researchers."-- Provided by publisher.

This book provides essential information on methodologies for recording electrocardiograms in various animal species, including dogs, cats, cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, mithun, chelonians, snakes, avians, equines, rabbits, and the Indian gray mongoose. It also reviews the electrocardiographic physiology, generation of electrocardiograms, and normal criteria for various animal species; electrocardiograms in health and disease; and the interpretation of abnormal electrocardiograms, cardiomyopathy and arrhythmias, with corresponding treatment protocols. Further, it presents several approaches to interpreting the electrocardiograms of dogs, cats, ruminants, tortoises, pigeons, and other animals, offering a valuable resource for all veterinary students, scientists, and physicians wanting to make greater use of this valuable non-invasive tool in the diagnosis of heart diseases and general health examinations.

This book provides a comprehensive review of the ECG findings of inherited arrhythmias and cardiomyopathies. Despite new forms of medical imaging, electrocardiography (ECG) remains the cornerstone of diagnosis, risk-stratification, and prognosis for these conditions. It is extremely important for clinicians to develop the skills required to interpret the ECG correctly as both overdiagnosis and underdiagnosis of these conditions can have a deleterious effect on patients and their families. Each chapter covers a specific condition and highlights typical or critically important ECG findings. Chapters include detailed descriptions of these findings along with pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical vignettes. In addition, the book reviews some normal ECG findings in athletes in order to differentiate some ECG findings from those which may be found in inherited arrhythmia or cardiomyopathy conditions. Electrocardiography of Inherited Arrhythmias and Cardiomyopathies: From Basic Science to Clinical Practice is an essential resource for physicians, residents, fellows, and medical students in cardiology, cardiac electrophysiology, emergency medicine, sports medicine, and primary care.

Electrocardiography of Laboratory Animals is the only book covering electrocardiography of laboratory animals, including dogs, mini-pigs, and cynomologus monkeys. As more countries institute requirements for the care of laboratory animals in research, this publication offers an effective standard on performing and analyzing ECGs. Topics covered include safety electrocardiography, toxicology, safety pharmacology, and telemetry. Electrocardiography of Laboratory Animals will assist biological and medical researchers, veterinarians, zoologists, and students in understanding electrocardiography of various species of animals used in research. Covers safety electrocardiography of large laboratory animals. Offers comprehensive analysis of ECGs for practical laboratory use. Includes a self-evaluation section for testing of ECG reading and analysis.

This easily readable book describes a practical approach to electrodiagnostic medicine. Replete with well-curated figures, the relevant principles and procedures are clearly described and portrayed, including the anatomical details needed for successful nerve conduction studies and needle electrode examination. Numerous summary tables also convey key information in a concise and easily accessible manner. The reader is also able to reinforce understanding of the various topics through high-yield sample cases which are presented and discussed at the end of chapters. Electrodiagnostic Medicine, A Practical Approach is ideal reading for budding, junior as well as more experienced electrodiagnosticians, particularly those in the field neurology and physiatry.

Approach to nerve conduction studies, electromyography, and neuromuscular ultrasound -- Anatomy and neurophysiology for electrodiagnostic studies -- Basic nerve conduction studies -- Late responses -- Blink reflex -- Repetitive nerve stimulation -- Anomalous innervations -- Artifacts and technical factors -- Basic statistics for electrodiagnostic studies -- Routine upper extremity, facial, and phrenic nerve conduction techniques -- Routine lower extremity nerve conduction techniques -- Basic overview of electromyography -- Anatomy for needle electromyography -- Basic electromyography: analysis of spontaneous activity -- Basic electromyography: analysis of motor unit action potentials -- Clinical-electrophysiologic correlations : overview and common patterns -- Fundamentals of neuromuscular ultrasound -- Neuromuscular ultrasound of mononeuropathies -- Neuromuscular ultrasound of polyneuropathy, motor neuron disease, and myopathy -- Median neuropathy at the wrist -- Proximal median neuropathy -- Ulnar neuropathy at the elbow -- Ulnar neuropathy at the wrist -- Radial neuropathy -- Peroneal neuropathy -- Femoral neuropathy -- Tarsal tunnel syndrome -- Facial and trigeminal neuropathy -- Polyneuropathy -- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and its variants -- Atypical and inherited motor neuron disorders -- Radiculopathy -- Brachial plexopathy -- Proximal neuropathies of the shoulder and arm -- Lumbosacral plexopathy -- Sciatic neuropathy -- Neuromuscular junction disorders -- Myopathy -- Myotonic muscle disorders and periodic paralysis syndromes -- Approach to electrodiagnostic studies in the intensive care unit -- Approach to pediatric electromyography -- Basics of electricity and electronics for electrodiagnostic studies -- Electrical safety and iatrogenic complications of electrodiagnostic studies.

Approach to Nerve Conduction Studies and Electromyography -- Anatomy and Neurophysiology -- Basic Nerve Conduction Studies -- Late Responses -- Blink Reflex -- Repetitive Nerve Stimulation -- Anomalous Innervations -- Artifacts and Technical Factors -- Basic Statistics for Electrodiagnostic Studies -- Routine Upper Extremity, Facial, and Phrenic Nerve Conduction Techniques -- Routine Lower Extremity Nerve Conduction Techniques -- Basic Overview of Electromyography -- Anatomy for Needle Electromyography -- Basic Electromyography: Analysis of Spontaneous Activity -- Basic Electromyography: Analysis of Motor Unit Action Potentials -- Clinical-Electrophysiologic Correlations: Overview and Common Patterns -- Median Neuropathy at the Wrist -- Proximal Median Neuropathy -- Ulnar Neuropathy at the Elbow -- Radial Neuropathy -- Peroneal Neuropathy -- Femoral Neuropathy -- Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome -- Facial and Trigeminal Neuropathy -- Polyneuropathy -- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and its Variants -- Atypical Motor Neuron Disorders -- Radiculopathy -- Brachial Plexopathy -- Proximal Neuropathies of the Shoulder and Arm -- Lumbosacral Plexopathy -- Sciatic Neuropathy -- Neuromuscular Junction Disorders -- Myopathy -- Myotonic Muscle Disorders and Periodic Paralysis Syndromes -- Approach to Electrodiagnostic Studies in the Intensive Care Unit -- Approach to Pediatric Electromyography -- Basics of Electricity and Electronics for Electrodiagnostic Studies -- Electrical Safety and Iatrogenic Complications of Electrodiagnostic Studies.

Conventional specimen preparation techniques for transmission electron microscopy of cultured cells / John J. Bozzola -- Microwave-assisted processing and embedding for transmission electron microscopy / Paul Webster -- Processing plant tissues for ultrastructural study / John Kuo -- Staining sectioned biological specimens for transmission electron microscopy : conventional and En Bloc stains / E. Ann Ellis -- Metal shadowing for electron microscopy / Gregory M. Hendricks -- Freeze fracture and freeze etching / Douglas E. Chandler and William P. Sharp -- Conventional specimen preparation techniques for scanning electron microscopy of biological specimens / John J. Bozzola -- High-pressure freezing : current state and future prospects / Andres Kaech and Urs Ziegler -- Cryo-fixation by self-pressurized rapid freezing / Markus Grabenbauer, Hong-Mei Han, and Jan Huebinger -- Cryo-electron microscopy of vitreous sections / Petr Chlanda and Martin Sachse -- Negative staining and cryo-negative staining : applications in biology and medicine / J. Robin Harris and Sacha De Carlo -- Electron microscopy of microtubule cytoskeleton assembly in vitro / Margaret Coughlin, Aaron C. Groen, and Timothy J. Mitchison -- Cryosectioning fixed and cryoprotected biological material for immunocytochemistry / Paul Webster and Alexandre Webster -- Analysis of specificity in immunoelectron microscopy / Christian Hacker and John M. Lucocq -- Cryo-electron microscopy of membrane proteins / Kenneth N. Goldie [and others] -- Tracking DNA and RNA sequences at high resolution / Dušan Cmarko, Anna Ligasová, and Karel Koberna -- Visualization of DNA and protein-DNA complexes with atomic force microscopy / Yuri L. Lyubchenko, Alexander A. Gall, and Luda S. Shlyakhtenko -- Biological applications of phase-contrast electron microscopy / Kuniaki Nagayama -- Single particle cryo-electron microscopy and 3-D reconstruction of viruses / Fei Guo and Wen Jiang -- Electron tomography for organelles, cells, and tissues / Wanzhong He and Yongning He -- Correlative light and electron microscopy : from live cell dynamic to 3D ultrastructure / Coralie Spiegelhalter, Jocelyn F. Laporte, and Yannick Schwab -- Nanometer-resolution fluorescence electron microscopy (Nano-EM) in cultured cells / Shigeki Watanabe [and others] -- Correlative fluorescence and electron microscopy of quantum dot labeled proteins on whole cells in liquid / Diana B. Peckys, Madeline J. Dukes, and Niels de Jonge -- FIB-SEM tomography in biology / Caroline Kizilyaprak [and others] -- Correlative light and electron microscopy using immunolabeled sections / Heinz Schwarz and Bruno M. Humbel -- Correlative 3D imaging : CLSM and FIB-SEM tomography using high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted biological samples / Miriam S. Lucas [and others] -- Three-dimensional imaging of adherent cells using FIB/SEM and STEM / Clarissa Villinger [and others] -- X-ray microanalysis in the scanning electron microscope / Godfried M. Roomans and Anca Dragomir -- Application of SEM and EDX in studying biomineralization in plant tissues / Honghua He and Yaowanuj Kirilak -- Freeze stabilization and cryopreparation technique for visualizing the water distribution in woody tissues by x-ray imaging and cryo-scanning electron microscopy / Yasuhiro Utsumi and Yuzou Sano -- Biological applications of energy-filtered TEM / Martin Saunders and Jeremy A. Shaw -- Secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging of biological cells and tissues / Nicholas P. Lockyer -- Elemental and isotopic imaging of biological samples using NanoSIMS / Matt R. Kilburn and Peta L. Clode -- 3D chemical mapping : application of scanning transmission (soft) x-ray microscopy (STXM) in combination with angle-scan tomography in bio-, geo-, and environmental sciences / Martin Obst and Gregor Schmid.

Electronic cigarettes (E-cigarettes), also known as vape devices or by trade names such as JUUL, are handheld devices that aerosolize liquid commonly containing nicotine, humectants and flavorings. Used by 1 in 5 high school students in 2020, they are the most common tobacco product used by youth. E-cigarette use has been associated with a variety of health issues such as nicotine addiction, e-cigarette or vaping associated lung illness (EVALI), seizures, and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. This first-of-its-kind book begins with an introduction and background on the historical context of tobacco products. The next chapters provide an overview of the e-cigarette landscape and reviews the e-cigarette devices and solutions and the evolution of these products. This is followed by reviews of the health effects of e-cigarettes on users and non-users and includes recommendations for prevention and treatment of youth e-cigarette use. The last few chapters address the public health impact of e-cigarettes with a review of the evidence of e-cigarettes in smoking cessation. The book closes with policy and advocacy approaches and a resource page. E-cigarette and vape device use pose a public health crisis. This book contains succinct practical information and is a key reference for pediatricians as well as clinicians of all specialities. It also serves as a resource for health professionals, including tobacco dependence treatment providers and public health experts.

This book offers clinicians involved in perinatal care a detailed and in-depth perspective on electronic fetal monitoring (EFM). Topics include EFM management, antepartum and intrapartum fetal assessment and application of EFM in abnormal pregnancy, obstetrical complications, fetal acid-base balance, and fetal arrhythmias. Variant fetal heart rate patterns are presented with interpretation, diagnosis and comments from experts who have wealthy experience in high risk pregnancy intervention. It will be a valuable reference for physicians, nurses, and midwives who are responsible for initiating, performing, and interpreting EFM.

"The newly updated Electronic Fetal Monitoring: Concepts and Applications, 3rd Edition, is an invaluable guide for clinicians (nurses, nurse-midwives, physicians) responsible for ordering, initiating, performing, and interpreting electronic fetal monitoring (EFM). Written by OB/GYN nurses and advanced practitioners, this combination textbook/workbook offers clinicians involved in perinatal care a uniquely detailed, in-depth, and historical perspective on EFM. Topics include maternal-fetal physiology, EFM instrumentation, antepartum and intrapartum fetal assessment and pattern interpretation, and a variety of additional issues and challenges relevant to the current state of EFM practice. Applicable to both the novice and seasoned practitioner, this text is useful as a both a primer for this specialty field and also as a detailed resource to ready for the NCC Certificate of Added Qualification in EFM. Upgrade and update your EFM skills with: Examples of EFM tracings that demonstrate the points presented in the text- including 22 case studies annotated with real-time bedside interpretation, followed by expert review with commentary to support these analyses. Validation of knowledge - New! End-of-chapter study questions and answers are a perfect supplement for certification exam preparation. For the educator, methods of competence validation are discussed and presented in detail. Up-to-date EFM guidelines - explained and demonstrated in real-life, situational context. Concise, easy-to-follow support for optimal acquisition and assessment of EFM data, and proper response to findings. Expert advice on handling both clinical and instrumental challenges related to EFM. Detailed explanation of the workings of EFM equipment and technology. Proven algorithms for management of antepartum testing and of EFM data, outlining specific interventions and their rationales. Coverage of crucial knowledge, including maternal-fetal physiology of fetal heart rate patterns and management of unusual EFM tracings, common problems and more. Chapter features include helpful tips ("Stork Bytes") to highlight important points. Your book purchase includes a complimentary download of the enhanced eBook for iOS, Android, PC, and Mac. Take advantage of these practical features that will improve your eBook experience: The ability to download the eBook on multiple devices at one time--providing a seamless reading experience online or offline. Powerful search tools and smart navigation cross-links that allow you to search within this book, or across your entire library of VitalSource eBooks Multiple viewing options that enable you to scale images and text to any size without losing page clarity, as well as responsive design. The ability to highlight text and add notes with one click. About the Clinical Editors, Cydney Afriat Menihan, CNM, MSN, RDMS, is a Nurse Midwife and Perinatal Consultant in North Kingstown, Rhode Island. Ellen Kopel, RNC, MS, is a Nurse Educator and Perinatal Consultant in Tampa, Florida"--Provided by publisher.

"Discover How Electronic Health Records Are Built to Drive the Next Generation of Healthcare Delivery. The increased role of IT in the healthcare sector has led to the coining of a new phrase 'health informatics, ' which deals with the use of IT for better healthcare services. Health informatics applications often involve maintaining the health records of individuals, in digital form, which is referred to as an Electronic Health Record (EHR). Building and implementing an EHR infrastructure requires an understanding of healthcare standards, coding systems, and frameworks. This book provides an overview of different health informatics resources and artifacts that underlie the design and development of interoperable healthcare systems and applications. Electronic Health Record: Standards, Coding Systems, Frameworks, and Infrastructures compiles, for the first time, study and analysis results that EHR professionals previously had to gather from multiple sources. It benefits readers by giving them an understanding of what roles a particular healthcare standard, code, or framework plays in EHR design and overall IT-enabled healthcare services along with the issues involved. This book on Electronic Health Record: Offers the most comprehensive coverage of available EHR Standards including ISO, European Union Standards, and national initiatives by Sweden, the Netherlands, Canada, Australia, and many others; Provides assessment of existing standards; Includes a glossary of frequently used terms in the area of EHR; Contains numerous diagrams and illustrations to facilitate comprehension; Discusses security and reliability of data."--Publisher's description.

"This guide shows you how to develop a library-wide workflow and a shared understanding of the components delivering electronic resources to your patrons"-- Provided by publisher.

Electronic and electric waste (e-waste), defined as end-of-life electronic products, including computers, television sets, mobile phones, transformers, capacitors, wires and cables, are a major global environmental concern. The crude recycling of e-waste releases persistent toxic substances, such as heavy metals, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and the environmental pollution and health risks caused by the improper disposal of e-waste has become an urgent issue. This book offers an overview of e-waste history, sources, and entry routes in soil, air, water and sediment. It also addresses e-waste transport and fate, bioavailability and biomonitoring, e-waste risk assessment, impacts on the environment and public health. In addition, it discusses the impact of e-waste on soil microbial community diversity, structure and function and reviews the treatment and management strategies, such as bioremediation and phytoremediation, as well as policies and future challenges. Given its scope, it is a valuable resource for students, researchers and scholars in the field of electronics manufacturing, environmental science and engineering, toxicology, environmental biotechnology, soil sciences and microbial ecology, as well as and plant biotechnology.

SECTION I EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT -- 1 Bradycardia -- 2 Supraventricular tachycardia: AVNRT, AVRT -- 3 Atrial arrhythmias -- 4 Ventricular tachycardia -- 5 Syncope -- 6 Sudden cardiac death and the cardiac arrest survivor -- SECTION II THE ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY -- 7 Electrophysiology equipment -- 8 Electrophysiologic testing : indications and limitations -- 9 Principles of mapping and ablation -- 10 Indications for cardiac rhythm management devices -- 11 Ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring -- SECTION III THE PACEMAKER AND DEFIBRILLATOR CLINIC -- 12 Device interrogations and utilization of diagnostic data -- 13 Lead management and extraction -- SECTION IV MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS -- 14 Approach to the patient with wide complex tachycardia -- 15 Antiarrhythmic medications -- 16 Channelopathies

Psychophysiology is an ever expanding field. The application of psychophysiological investigations to psychiatric disorders is likewise expanding and has in fact shed much light on some of the neural processes contributing to the development of psychiatric symptoms and/or their amelioration following treatment. The first part of this volume deals with a number of conditions where psychophysiological investigations have recently provided some insight into the pathophysiology of a particular manifestation (e.g., dissociation) or a disorder. Although this volume has a main focus on electrophysiological investigative modalities where neuroimaging was complimentary this added insight was included. The second part of the volume focuses on novel uses of psychophysiological measures, combining it with neuropsychology and imaging where possible, in the context of neuropsychiatric research and describes advanced analytical tools. Both basic and clinical investigators in this field should find the reviews and interpretations provided clear and informative. Clinicians will find this volume easy to assimilate. While direct clinical applications may be down the road, the insights provided should help the practicing clinicians to have firmer understanding of the complexity of the disorder they manage in everyday practice.

Bradycardias -- Mechanisms of tachycardia -- Intracardiac echocardiography -- Transeptal catheterization -- Narrow complex tachycardias -- Long RP tachycardias -- Atrio-ventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia -- Ablation of atrio-ventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia -- Basic evaluation of accessory pathways -- Orthodromic reciprocating tachycardia -- Unusual types of accessory pathways -- Ablation of accessory pathways -- Atrial tachycardia -- Atrial flutter -- Atrial fibrillation -- Sinus node and atrio-ventricular junction modification/ablation -- Wide complex tachycardias -- Preexcited tachycardias -- Idiopathic ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation -- Ablation of scar-related ventricular tachycardia -- Bundle branch reentrant tachycardia -- Unusual electrophysiologic phenomena

1. Electroporation-based gene therapy; recent evolution in the mechanism description and technology developments / Lluis M. Mir -- 2. Electropermeabilization of the cell membrane / Justin Teissie -- 3. The impact of non-electrical factors on electrical gene transfer / Jiemino Hu, Jeffry Cutrera, and Shulin Li -- 4. Electroporation formulation for cell therapy / Jiemiao Hu and Shulin Li -- 5. Short-fragment DNA-mediated in vivo DNA electroporation delivery / Jinliang Peng, Yonggang Zhao and Yuhong Xu -- 6. Gold nanoparticle-enhanced electroporation for leukemia cell transfection / Shuyan Huang, Yingbo Zu and Shengnian Wang -- 7. siRNA delivery via electropulsation: a review of the basic processes / Muriel Golzio and Justin Teissie -- 8. Continuous cell electroporation for efficient DNA and siRNA delivery based on laminar microfluidic chips / Zewen Wei and Zhihong Li -- 9. Electroporation of siRNA into mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages and dendritic cells / Isabel Siegert, Valentin Schatz, Alexander T. Prechtel, Alexander Steinkasserer, Christian Bogdan and Jonathan Jantsch -- 10. Directo imaging of siRNA electrotransfer at the single-cell level / Justin Teissie and Muriel Golzio -- 11. Electroporation mediated siRNA delivery into tumors / Yashifumi Takei -- 12. Substrate-mediated, high-efficiency siRNA electroporation / Hiroyuki Fujimato and Hiroo Iwata -- 13. Intradermal electroporation / Maria L. Knudsen, Karl Ljungberg, Peter Liljeström and Daniel X. Johansson -- 14. Delivery of DNA into the central nerous system via electroporation / Jochen De Vry, Tim Vanmierlo, Pilar Martínez-Martínez, Mario Losen, Yasin Temel, Harry Steinbusch, Marc De Baets and Jos Prickaerts -- 15. DNA delivery in adult mouse eyes: an update with corneal outcomes / John M. Nickerson, Shannon E. Getz, Jana T. Sellers, Micah A. Chrenek, Penny Goodman, Christiana J. Bernal and Jeffrey H. Boatright -- 16. Delivery of plasmid DNA into dental tissues of developing rat teeth by electroporation / Shaomian Yao, Michael L. Beckley and Dawen Liu -- 17. Electroporation-mediated gene delivery to the lungs / Jennifer L. Young, Michael S. Barravecchia and David A. Dean -- 18. Electroporation-mediated delivery of genes in rodent models of lung contusion / David Machado-Aranda and Krishnan Raghavendran -- 19. In vivo electroporation-mediated gene delivery to the beating heart / Hendrik T. Tevaearai, Amiq Gazdhar, Marie-Noëlle Giraud and Martin Flück -- 20. Managing local swelling following intratumoral electro-chemo-gene therapy / Jeffry Cutrera, Glenn King, Pamela Jones, Elias Gumpel, Xueqing Xia and Shulin Li -- 21. Gene electrotransfer in clinical trials / Julie Gehl -- 22. Electrochemotherapy in veterinary oncology: from rescue to first line therapy / Enrico P. Spugnini and Alfonso Baldi -- 23. Low-energy DC current ablation in a mouse tumor model / Prejesh Philips, Yan Li and Robert C.G. Martin II -- 24. Evolution of electroporated DNA vaccines / Andrea M. Keane-Myers and Matt Bell -- 25. Clinical development of intramuscular electroporation: providing a "boost" for DNA vaccines / Amir S. Khan, Kate E. Broderick and Niranian Y. Sardesai -- 26. Electroporation-mediated administration of candidate DNA vaccines against HIV -1 / Sandhya Vasan -- 27. Electroporation-mediated intradermal delivery of DNA vaccines in nonhuman primates / Lucille Adam, Roger Le Grand and Fré́déric Martinon -- 28. Intramuscular DNA vaccination protocols mediated by electric fields / Pieranna Chiarella and Emanuela Signori -- 29. DNA electroporation of multi-agent vaccines conferring protection against select agent challenge: TriGrid delivery system / Andrea M. Keane-Myers, Matt Bell, Drew Hannaman and Mark Albrecht -- 30. Gene-based vaccination and screening methods to develop monoclonal antibodies / M. Pirouz Daftarian, Aram Vosoughi and Vance Lemmon.

This book provides a comparative perspective on the topic of electroreception and reviews some of the fundamental insights gained from studies of electrosensory and electromotor systems to understand how the nervous system extracts biologically relevant information from the natural environment A Brief History of Electrogenesis and Electroreception in Fishes Bruce A. Carlson and Joseph A. Sisneros The Development and Evolution of Lateral Line Electroreceptors: Insights from Comparative Molecular Approaches Clare V.H. Baker Electrosensory Transduction: Comparisons Across Structure, Afferent Response Properties, and Cellular Physiology Duncan B. Leitch and David Julius The Evolution and Development of Electric Organs Jason R. Gallant Biophysical Basis of Electric Signal Diversity Michael R. Markham Hormonal Influences on Social Behavior in South American Weakly Electric Fishes Ana C. Silva Evolutionary Drivers of Electric Signal Diversity Rüdiger Krahe Using Control Theory to Characterize Active Sensing in Weakly Electric Fishes Sarah A. Stamper, Manu S. Madhav, Noah J. Cowan, and Eric S. Fortune Envelope Coding and Processing: Implications for Perception and Behavior Michael G. Metzen and Maurice J. Chacron Evolution of Submillisecond Temporal Coding in Vertebrate Electrosensory and Auditory Systems Bruce A. Carlson Influences of Motor Systems on Electrosensory Processing Krista Perks and Nathaniel B. Sawtell Active Electrolocation and Spatial Learning Sarah Nicola Jung and Jacob Engelmann Bruce A. Carlson is Professor of Biology at Washington University in St. Louis Joseph A. Sisneros is Professor of Psychology at the University of Washington, Seattle Arthur N. Popper is Professor Emeritus and research professor in the Department of Biology at the University of Maryland, College Park Richard R. Fay is Distinguished Research Professor of Psychology at Loyola University Chicago, Chicago.

The immune system is a guardian vigilantly fighting illness, healing wounds, maintaining order and balance, and keeping us alive. Richtel interweaves the stories of four people: a terminal cancer patient who rises from the grave; a medical marvel who defies HIV; two women with autoimmunity who discover their own bodies have turned against them. As he leads us from the Black Plague to twentieth-century breakthroughs in vaccination and antibiotics, to the cutting-edge laboratories that are revolutionizing immunology, his four patients each illuminates an essential facet of our "elegant defense."--Adapted from jacket

This book discusses the historical context, country experience, and best practices that led to eliminating infectious diseases from the WHOs South-East Asia Region, such as malaria, lymphatic filariasis, yaws, trachoma, and mother-to-child HIV in the mid-twentieth and twenty-first century. The UN Sustainable Development Goals (3.3) targets to end AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and neglected tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, water-borne diseases and other communicable diseases by 2030. In this context, this book is of high significance to countries from the SEA region and around the globe. It helps create national strategies and action plans on infectious disease elimination and thus attaining SDG 3.3.

Part I: Overhead Athlete -- Pathophysiology of Throwing Injuries.- Prevention of Labral and Rotator Cuff Injuries in the Overhead Athlete -- Keys to Successful Labral Repair -- Indications and Techniques for Posterior Capsule Release.- Throwing Acquired Anterior Rotator Interval Pathology -- Part II: Instability -- Evaluation of Bone Loss and the Glenoid Track -- Management of Capsular Laxity -- Remplissage: Technique and Results -- Arthroscopic Latarjet -- Posterior Instability -- Part III: Glenohumeral Arthritis -- Pearls for Through Debridement, Capsular Release, and the Role of Microfracture.- The Comprehensive Arthroscopic Management (CAM) Procedure for Young Patients with Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis -- Graft Interposition Arthroplasty -- Adhesive Capsulitis: Diagnosis, Etiology and Treatment Strategies -- Part IV: Rotator Cuff -- Ultrasound in Rotator Cuff Evaluation -- Indications for Repair: Who Really Needs Surgery?- Biologic Augmentation of Rotator Cuff Repair Repair.- Indications and Technique for Double Row Fixation.- Retracted Subscapularis Tears.- ont-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt;">Arthroscopic Repair of Massive Retracted Rotator Cuff Tears.- The Use of Graft Augmentation in the Treatment of Massive Rotator Cuff Tears.- Suprascapular Nerve Release: General Principles.- Spinoglenoid Ligament Release.- Part V: Post Op Care.- Maximizing Return to Activity Post Cuff and Instability Surgery.- When is the Patient Truly ?Ready to Return?, a.k.a. Kinetic Chain Homeostasis. .

The 6th edition of the textbook Ellestad's Stress Testing: Principles and Practice was written for the new and veteran clinician alike performing stress testing. Thoroughly updated, referenced and interspersed with case examples, the book reviews how to get the most out exercise testing, without and with ancillary imaging. In addition to evaluation of ST segment depression, other powerful tools to detect ischemia and forecast the future are reviewed to increase the diagnostic accuracy and prognostic ability of exercise testing. The recognition and significance of exercise induced arrhythmias and conduction defects are examined. When to convert to pharmacologic stress or add ancillary imaging, including myocardial perfusion imaging, echocardiography, coronary calcium scoring, and magnetic reference imaging are reviewed. The use of stress testing in the management of obstructive and non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD), heart failure, cardiac rehabilitation, peripheral vascular disease, congenital heart and other cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is examined. Options to optimize the diagnostic capabilities of exercise and other diagnostic testing for women are highlighted. Strategic use of exercise testing in the face of a decreasing burden of CAD in the developed world, as well as the opportunity to rely on exercise testing as the first test to evaluate CVD in the developing world, are reviewed. The fundamentals of exercise physiology and myocardial ischemia that serve as the foundation for exercise testing in health and disease are explained.

Far too often, Black women's anger has been caricatured into an ugly and destructive force that threatens the civility and social fabric of American democracy. But Cooper shows us that there is more to the story than that. Black women's eloquent rage is what makes Serena Williams such a powerful tennis player. It's what makes Beyoncé's girl power anthems resonate so hard. It's what makes Michelle Obama an icon. Eloquent rage keeps us all honest and accountable. It reminds women that they don't have to settle for less. In the Black feminist tradition of Audre Lorde, Brittney Cooper reminds us that anger is a powerful source of energy that can give us the strength to keep on fighting. -- Back cover.

pt. A. General medicine -- pt. B. Anatomy -- pt. C. Biology, genetics and biochemistry -- pt. D. Therapeutic substances.

The genome is under constant threat by DNA damage arising from endogenous and exogenous sources, and it is particularly susceptible to damage during DNA replication. Using a genome-wide siRNA screen to identify proteins necessary for genome maintenance in the presence of replication stress, we identified NEK8/NPHP9, a ciliary protein kinase associated with two renal ciliopathies in humans and mice, nephronophthisis (NPHP) and polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Renal ciliopathies are a leading cause of kidney failure, but their exact etiology is poorly understood. Recent findings have shown that several genes linked to the DNA damage signaling are mutated in patients with NPHP or NPHP-like diseases. However, whether loss of the DNA damage response (DDR) itself played a causal role in NPHP is not clear, and the underlying mechanism linking these genes to NPHP is not addressed. This thesis work provides new mechanistic insight into the functions of the NIMA-related kinase, NEK8, in suppressing DNA damage arising from replication stress, and for the first time connects the replication stress response to cystic kidney diseases and renal ciliopathies. Here we directly demonstrate that replication stress, caused by the DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin, as well as NEK8 loss, affects renal cell architecture in a 3D-culture system. Moreover, NEK8 mutation leads to replication stress and DNA damage in the pre-cystic kidney. We further establish that NEK8 is a crucial effector of the replication stress response and that it functions as part of the ATR-dependent signaling pathway, regulating replication fork dynamics and fork stability through effects on CDK activity. We also show NEK8's role in the replication stress response is compromised by ciliopathy-causing mutations. Thus, our study strongly suggests that excessive replication stress or a defect in the ability of cells to respond to replication stress leads to chronic damage in renal epithelial cells and kidney failure in ciliopathies. The major contributions of this dissertation are: (1) We validated NEK8 as a high confidence hit from a previously described unbiased siRNA screen designed to uncover genes that help maintain genome stability during DNA replication stress. (2) Cells lacking NEK8 form spontaneous DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) which further accumulate when replication forks stall. (3) NEK8 acts at the replication fork to regulate fork dynamics and replication origin firing, particularly under conditions of replication stress. (4) NEK8 functions in the ATR pathway, interacting with ATR and other components of the replication checkpoint, and it suppresses S-phase CDK activity during replication to prevent premature origin firing. (5) NEK8 mutations, which produce kinase-inactive protein or juvenile cystic kidneys (jck), abolish the interaction of NEK8 with ATR and fail to prevent DNA damage accumulation in NEK8-deficient cells. (6) Disruption of NEK8, as well as replication stress induced by aphidicolin, perturbs both ciliogenesis and spheroid structure in a 3D assay that models renal kidney architecture and NPHP. This study therefore provides the first direct evidence that replication stress contributes to renal ciliopathies and mechanistic insight into how it does so. Furthermore, it identifies a new critical component of the replication stress response: NEK8.

The p53 protein plays a critical role in tumor suppression, as evidenced by its high mutation rate in human tumors and the observation that p53-null mice get cancer with 100% penetrance. p53 is a stress sensor that responds to cellular assaults, such as DNA damage or serum starvation, by inducing downstream effector functions, including apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. p53 itself is a transcription factor that promotes its downstream functions through its ability to transcriptionally activate downstream targets genes, although p53 also has transactivation-independent functions. However, the role that p53 plays in development and the role its target genes play in development and tumor suppression are not well defined. First, we sought to analyze the role of p53 transcriptional activation in development. Using knock-in mice expressing a p53 transactivation domain mutant (p5325,26,53,54), which does not bind Mdm2, we found that developmental defects caused by unrestrained p53 require p53's transactivation ability, as p5325,26,53,54/- mice are viable. Surprisingly, we also found that expression of p5325,26,53,54 in the presence of wild-type p53 induces embryonic lethality and a spectrum of phenotypes characteristic of a congenital syndrome known as CHARGE, including coloboma, inner and outer ear malformations, heart outflow tract defects, and craniofacial defects. We find that p5325,26,53,54 mutant protein is able to stabilize and hyperactivate wild-type p53, driving p53 to inappropriately induce target gene expression and trigger cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis during development. We further find that p53 is activated in CHD7-mutant CHARGE syndrome patient samples and upon genetic ablation of Chd7 in mouse cells. Additionally, p53-heterozygosity is able to partially rescue Chd7 null embryonic phenotypes, indicating that Chd7 deficiency provokes p53 activation and p53-dependent phenotypes. Thus, through the use of p5325,26,53,54 mice, we have uncovered a critical role for transactivation in provoking developmental defects induced by unrestrained p53 and revealed a novel and critical role for p53 in promoting human CHARGE syndrome. Subsequently, we sought to uncover the role of the p53 family as a whole, including the two related transcription factors p63 and p73, in development. While p53 null mice are viable, p63 null mice are perinatal lethal with epidermal and limb defects and p73 null mice typically die within the first two months of life and manifest neuronal defects. To determine if the absence of more severe developmental phenotypes is due to redundancy between the p53 family members, we bred and analyzed compound knockout mice. Analysis of compound knockout embryos revealed viability of all double knockout embryos (p53p63, p53p73, and p53p63) and five allele knockout embryos (double knockout and heterozygous for the remaining gene) during embryogenesis with the only defects detected being accounted for by loss of single p53 family members. Surprisingly, we also identified a single viable triple knockout at E10.5 with normal morphology except for hypoplastic cardiac cushions. Thus, these results suggest that p53 family members are neither critical nor redundant for relatively normal development. We next sought to determine the role of the p53 target gene Siva in both development and tumorigenesis. Our lab previously identified Siva as a p53 target gene critically important for p53-dependent apoptosis. Here we generated a Siva knockout mouse strain using gene-trap technology. Analysis of homozygous Siva mutant mice, revealed mid-gestational embryonic lethality associated with both embryonic and extra-embryonic defects, including developmental delay and defects of neural tube closure, yolk sac vasculature, and chorioallantoic fusion. The defects associated with Siva deficiency resembled those in embryos with loss of key components of TGF [beta]/SMAD signaling pathways, and notably, Siva null embryos displayed reduced SMAD protein levels and aberrant SMAD target gene expression. Thus, loss of Siva results in embryonic lethality associated with defects in SMAD signaling. Due to the embryonic lethality associated with Siva loss, we went on to generate a conditional Siva knockout mouse strain for studies of Siva in tumor suppression. Using a Kras-dependent non-small cell lung cancer model, we found surprisingly that Siva is necessary for efficient tumorigenesis in this model, as Siva-deficiency results in reduced tumor number and tumor burden. Additionally, Siva knockdown in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines resulted in reduced proliferation and tumorigenic potential. Furthermore, Siva loss inhibited mTOR signaling, induced autophagy, and reduced mitochondrial respiration, suggesting that Siva is necessary for normal metabolic function to promote proliferation. Moreover, Siva levels have prognostic ability for human non-small cell lung cancer patient survival. Therefore, our findings reveal that the p53 target gene Siva enables Kras-dependent lung cancer development and is necessary for oxidative phosphorylation, and that Siva levels could be used to estimate the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer patient survival. Collectively, these results significantly expand our knowledge of the role of p53, the p53 family, and the p53 target gene Siva in development as well as the role of Siva in tumorigenesis. We found that unrestrained p53 results in developmental defects resembling CHARGE syndrome and that compound loss of the p53 family members does not promote profound developmental phenotypes other than those observed in single mutants. Moreover, we found that Siva is necessary for both proper embryonic development and efficient non-small cell lung cancer tumor development through roles in SMAD signaling and metabolism, respectively.

The ubiquitous parasite Toxoplasma gondii has developed an exquisite arsenal of effectors to support its intracellular lifestyle and its persistence within its diverse hosts. In order to survive and resist clearance, this obligate intracellular parasite must contend with the host immune response. Different strains of the parasite vary dramatically in their interaction with the immune system, and studying these strain differences has furthered our understanding of the spectrum of host-pathogen interactions and led to the identification of parasite effectors. The work described here dissects the interactions between different strains of the parasite and host macrophages: innate immune cells that paradoxically both serve as a niche for parasite replication and defend the host against parasite infection. Chapter 1 introduces Toxoplasma, the immune response to infection, and discusses the role of known parasite effectors. Experiments described in Chapter 2 identify a novel secreted parasite factor, GRA25, which modulates cytokine secretion in macrophages and controls parasite virulence in mice. In Chapter 3, high throughput methods are used to characterize the transcriptional and phosphorylation landscape of macrophages infected with different Toxoplasma strains. These analyses demonstrate that a secreted polymorphic tyrosine kinase, ROP16, directs murine macrophage polarization towards an alternatively activated phenotype. They also reveal that Toxoplasma parasites activate the Type I interferon response, a response classically associated with cytosolic pathogens. Chapter 4 describes work demonstrating that Toxoplasma strain-specifically modulates the innate immune response via secretion of a parasite factor, MAF1, which recruits host mitochondria to the parasitophorous vacuole. Finally, Chapter 5 discusses the future directions and implications of this work in the broader context of host-pathogen interactions.

Innovations in catheterization techniques and embolization agents have considerably contributed to the development of endovascular occlusion techniques in arterial and venous trunks as much as distal parenchymal capillar beds. Mini invasive therapies, endovascular embolization and chemo-embolization now constitute valuable therapeutic alternatives in various fields: on a purely palliative or on a curative basis in oncology, but also in traumatology, functional diseases, and for the treatment of benign tumors, or when dealing with post-operative complications. As in-depth and detailed descriptions of these techniques are all ready available in specialized books, our ambition is to provide a basic handbook for the young vascular radiologists in training and a checklist for the more experienced interventional radiologists, by providing for each of the constantly increasing indications a synthetic approach of the technique and its expected results. The first part of this book relates to the tool box (the materials) and the procedure techniques as well as the physiopathological requirements for carrying out embolization; the second part is an analytical description of the main situations and anatomo-clinical strategies. This handy book should to be a valuable memory aid for clinicians and interventional radiologists, readily available in the multidisciplinary staff rooms and in angiography suites.

This detailed volume illustrates the transformative nature of systems and complexity sciences for practice, research, education, and health system organization. Researchers highlight the fresh perspectives and novel approaches offered by these interdisciplinary fields in addressing the complexities of global, national, and community health challenges in the 21st century. With the implications that these emerging fields hold for health still relatively underexplored, researchers from a wide variety of disciplines, including physiological, social, environmental, clinical, prevention, educational, organizational, finance, and policy domains, aim in this book to suggest future directions in health care and highlight recent advances in basic and clinical physiology, education, policy-making, and leadership. Among the topics discussed: • Impact of genomic heterogeneity on bio-emergent properties • Harnessing Big Data to improve health services • Decision-making of women in violent relationships • Co-producing healthcare interventions • A socio-ecological solution to physician burnout Embracing Complexity in Health: The Transformation of Science, Practice, and Policy is a highly relevant resource to practitioners in the field, students, instructors, and policy makers, and also should find an engaged audience among health and disease researchers, healthcare planners, health system financiers, health system administrators, health services administrators, health professional educators, and other health professionals. The trans- and interdisciplinary natures of health and health care are fostering a broad discourse amongst all concerned with improving patient care in an equitable and sustainable way. .

Immune privilege of stem cells / Naoki Ichiryu and Paul J. Fairchild -- Immunogenicity of in vitro maintained and matured populations : potential barriers to engraftment of human pluripotent stem cell derivatives / Chad Tang, Irving L. Weissman, and Micha Drukker -- Hematopoietic and nature killer cell development from human pluripotent stem cells / Zhenya Ni, David A. Knorr, and Dan S. Kaufman -- Evaluation of immunogenicity of rat ES-cell derived endothelial cells / Martina Seifert and Juliane Ladhoff -- Interaction of ES cell derived neural progenitor cells with natural killer cells and cytotoxic T cells / Casimir de Rham and Jean Villard -- Strategies to generate induced pluripotent stem cells / Michael Hayes and Nicholas Zavazava -- Differentiation and lineage commitment of murine embryonic stem cells into insulin producing cells / Sudhanshu P. Raikwar and Nicholas Zavazava -- Mouse ES cell-derived hematopoietic progenitor cells / Eun-Mi Kim, Gohar Manzar, and Nicholas Zavazava -- Directed differentiation of embryonic stem cells to the T-lymphocyte lineage / Haydn C.-Y. Liang, Roxanne Holmes, and Juan Carlos Zúñiga-Pflücker -- Development of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from mouse embryonic stem cells, in vitro, supported by ectopic human HOXB4 expression / Sandra Pilat, Sebastian Carotta, and Hannes Klump -- Histone modification profiling in normal and transformed human embryonic stem cells using micro chromatin immunoprecipitation, scalable to genome-wide microarray analyses / Angelique Schnerch, Shravanti Rampalii, and Mickie Bhatia -- Combined total proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis of human pluripotent stem cells / Junjie Hou ... [et al.] -- Transcriptional regulatory mechanisms that govern embryonic stem cell fate / Satyabrata Das and Dana Levasseur.

This book focuses on modules and emergence with self-organization in the life sciences. As Aristotle observed so long ago, the whole is more than the sum of its parts. However, contemporary science is dominated by reductionist concepts and tends to neglect the non-reproducible features of complex systems, which emerge from the interaction of the smaller units they are composed of. The book is divided into three major parts; the essays in part A highlight the conceptual basis of emergence, linking it to the philosophy of science, systems biology and sustainability. This is subsequently exemplified in part B by applying the concept of emergence to various biological disciplines, such as genetics, developmental biology, neurobiology, plant physiology and ecology. New aspects of emergence come into play when biology meets the technical sciences, as revealed in a chapter on bionics. In turn, part C adopts a broader view, revealing how the organization of life follows a hierarchical order in terms of scalar dimensions, ranging from the molecular level to the entire biosphere. The idea that life is primarily and exclusively shaped by processes at the molecular level (and, in particular, by the information encoded in the genome) is refuted; rather, there is no hierarchy with respect to the level of causation in the cross-talk between the levels. In the last two chapters, the evolutionary trend toward ever-increasing complexity in living systems is interpreted in terms of the Gaia hypothesis sensu Lovelock: the entire biosphere is viewed as a functional unit (or 'holobiont-like system') organized to develop and sustain life on Earth.

This book addresses the emergence of biophilic design, a form of design that looks at peoples intrinsic connection with nature. There is no denying that biophilic design is rapidly expanding globally as an effective response to pressing issues in urban areas and built environments. From being a term few had heard of in 2012, when the authors research began, to one that is currently trending in a broad range of disciplines, the story of its emergence has never been properly told. The story of the emergence of biophilic design is the story of a social movement and how a gathering of people with a common interest and passion can spark a global trend. The book and the stories within are not only engaging but also informative and educational, offering readers an in-depth understanding of what biophilic design is all about, and how to promote its implementation in their own built environment. Hopefully, they will inspire people to act, to campaign and to implement initiatives in their urban environment, with the confidence that they are capable of making a difference. The author spent three years researching the emergence of biophilic design, and why and how it was driven by certain people who championed the concept. Part of the authors research involved a three-month tour of ten North American cities, during which she interviewed 26 key players. These people ranged from community leaders, landscape architects, and academics, to the CEOs of NGOs and government leaders. The result is a collection of stories that illustrate the evolution of biophilic design, and how it was frequently born from a passion for, belief in and love of nature, as well as a response to an urban crisis.

This is the second edition (in two volumes) of a well-received book that reflects current practices in the management of neurological emergencies. It was written bearing in mind the needs of first-contact physicians, who may be neurology trainees, neurology consultants, or interns. Special attention has been paid to various aspects of managing patients at the emergency department, from taking a good clinical history, to completing a quick and focused clinical examination, to investigating and commencing treatment. Neurological emergencies are unique in that they appear abruptly, generally follow a volatile course, and require a prompt yet balanced response. The management of neurological emergencies has been a major challenge in the past, and today, early and aggressive approaches are generally recommended. Exploring these and other aspects, the book offers a valuable asset for all practitioners seeking answers to the questions that inevitably arise while attempting to manage such critical situations.

Preface -- Glossary -- Part I. Neuromuscular Disease: Recent Progress in Diagnosis and Therapy -- Neuromuscular Disease: An Overview -- Tetanus -- Guillain-Barré Syndrome -- Porphyria -- Vasculitis -- Myasthenia Gravis -- Botulism -- Malignant Hyperthermia -- Rhabdomyolysis -- Periodic Paralysis.-Part II. Case Studies -- Case Study: Atypical GBS -- Part III. Differentiated Decisional Algorithms -- Differentiated Decisional Algorithms Based on the Technical and Organizational Characteristics of the Hospital Receiving the Clinical Case.

This comprehensive book addresses the acute emergencies in neuromuscular disease from a novel perspective, focusing on clinical management and treatment of these disorders rather than the more traditional neuropathology, neurogenetics, and neurophysiology approaches. The book fills the gap in guidelines by providing an evidence-based guidance for the clinical adult or pediatric neurologist confronted by an acutely ill patient in a potentially life-threatening situation. The book is structured according to pathophysiological principles, but each chapter is strictly organised around case vignettes that emphasize clinical relevance allowing the non-specialist to access complex scientific backgrounds. The electronic supplementary material and multimedia are provided as an integral tool to facilitate accessibility and understanding of a notoriously difficult field of neurology. Finally, the role of patients, who are increasingly involved in many management decisions, is highlighted in a chapter on ethical issues discussing withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining therapy, patient end-of-life values, wishes and preferences, and on advanced directives. The publication is aimed equally at the non-specialist neurologist in frontline clinical practice confronted by a rare disorder needing immediate management decisions, at the clinical specialist referring for guidance in specific management aspects, and at the specialist researcher keen to maintain clinic relevance.

The second edition of Emergencies in Obstetrics and Gynaecology provides a practical and accessible guide to all emergency situations encountered in obstetrics and gynaecology, from the immediately life-threatening to the smaller but urgent problems that may arise. Designed around the symptoms and signs with which the patient presents to the hospital, this handbook explains how to arrive at a differential diagnosis and how to prevent, manage, or treat an emergency. The 'Obstetric emergencies' section covers topics from early pregnancy through to post-delivery complications, whilst the 'Gynaecologic emergencies' section addresses those issues that could potentially pose a threat to a women's fertility or even her life. Addressing new topics on issues that have become more prevalent, such as substance misuse in pregnancy, and violence against women and children, the second edition of Emergencies in Obstetrics and Gynaecology is an essential read. A new topic on 'preoperative assessment' outlines how to manage consent, the risks, benefits, and what the patient should expect. -- Provided by publisher.

This handbook on orbital, lacrimal and eyelid emergencies deals with such situations in a practical manner guiding the ophthalmologists in accurate handling and making them more proficient and confident in managing vision and life-threatening emergencies. With 51 chapters and more than 150 images, this book covers all the eye emergencies that generalist and specialist ophthalmologists can expect to come across in their day to day practices. It can be argued that the orbit can no more be called 'Pandora's Box' because of the unpredictable nature of its contents. This perception has changed over the years due to the advent of improved diagnostic, in particular, imaging techniques. However, since medical residency provides very little exposure to orbital and adnexal disorders, most clinicians are inexperienced and unsure about their management. Facing an emergency situation where improper management can rapidly worsen the condition leading to blindness or even death of the patient is every ophthalmologist's nightmare. The emergent nature of these conditions does not always provide for a leeway to refer these patients to an orbit and oculoplasty specialist, who are few and far between. By the time the patient reaches his destination, his vision maybe irrevocably lost. The legal implications of such mismanagement can be significant too. This book is a quick and essential resource to manage and refer eye emergencies with confidence. .

This comprehensive guide answers commonly asked questions about neurosurgical conditions related to brain and spinal cord. Emergency Approaches to Neurosurgical Conditions fills the gap which arises after a diagnosis is made on the loved one, explaining the basics of neurosurgical diseases and their management. Emergency Approaches to Neurosurgical Conditions concentrates on the brain and spine, both in surgery and radiotherapy, as well as congenital and accident-related conditions. This comprehensive book which is part of a book-set including Comprehensive Guide to Neurosurgical Conditions, informs the reader on various symptoms to look for, and helps with the management of brain and spine surgery in chapters written by reputed neurosurgeons to help the physicians, the patients and their families.

The emergency care system in the U.S. / Jesse M. Pines and Jameel Abualenain -- Ten common misconceptions about emergency department care / Dana Kindermann and Robert Shesser -- International perspectives on emergency care / Jameel Abualenain, Drew Richardson, David Mountain, Samuel Vaillancourt, Michael Schull, Phillip Anderson, Eric Revue, Brijal Patel, Ali Pourmand, Hamid Shokoohi, Shingo Hori, Lit-Sin Quek, and Suzanne Mason -- Human factors in emergency care / Raj M. Ratwani, A. Zach Hettinger, and Rollin J. Fairbanks -- Information technology in emergency care / Adam Landman and E. Gregory Marchand -- Telehealth and acute care / Sara Paradise, Michael Shu, and Neal Sikka -- Simulation in emergency care / Claudia Ranniger, Keith E. Littlewood -- Emergency care workforce projections / James Scott, Rachelle Pierre-Mathew, and Drew Maurano -- U.S. emergency and disaster response in the past, present, and future : the multi-faceted role of emergency healthcare / Joseph A. Barbera and Anthony G. MacIntyre -- Emergency public health / Rebecca Katz, Anthony MacIntyre, and Joseph Barbera -- The role of the emergency department in care coordination / Emily R. Carrier -- Payment reform in emergency care / Janice Blanchard, Stephanie Donald, and Nathan Seth Trueger -- The legal framework for hospital emergency care / Sara Rosenbaum -- The future of emergency care / Robert Shesser and Dana Kindermann.

This book provides an up-to-date, comprehensive review of every aspect of emergency chest radiology in patients who are admitted to emergency departments with chest trauma or chest pain. The aim is to offer an unsurpassed source of practical information on imaging diagnosis of acutely ill and injured patients with this symptomatology. To this end, the wide spectrum of chest and cardiovascular emergencies are systematically categorized and typical imaging manifestations of these emergent conditions are illustrated in superb detail, with particular attention to the role of state of the art imaging techniques. The book will be an ideal resource for all members of the emergency team, general and emergency radiologists, radiology residents, and medical students.

This book is a rapid reference guide for all levels of medical staff working in emergency and acute care settings, but may also benefit nursing professionals and medical students. In this book, the readers will find diagnostic checklists, organised according to potential emergency presentations and classified under body systems, including atypical presentations, lists of differential diagnoses and guidance to pattern recognition. The book aims to help the reader achieve the correct diagnosis in an emergency setting, which continues to remain a challenge, given the variety of potential clinical presentations. Diagnostic failure is the largest reason for delays in provision of appropriate treatment and the largest source of clinical complaints and untoward incidents.

This comprehensive book provides practical guidance on the care of the critical patient in the emergency department. It focuses on the ED physician or provider working in a community hospital where, absent the consulting specialists found in a large academic center, the provider must evaluate and stabilize critically ill and injured patients alone. Structured in an easily accessible format, chapters present fundamental information in tables, bullet points, and flow diagrams. Emergency medicine scenarios covered across 38 chapters include acute respiratory failure, spinal cord Injuries, seizures and status epilepticus, care of the newborn, and end-of-life care. Written by experts in the field, Emergency Department Critical Care is an essential resource for practicing emergency physicians and trainees, internists and family physicians, advance practice nurses, and physicians assistants who provide care in emergency departments and urgent care centers.

Obstetrical emergencies can be among the most stressful events an emergency physician will face in their entire career. The purpose of this book is to provide an evidence-based, practical approach to the wide spectrum of obstetric complications an emergency physician must be prepared to manage throughout all trimesters pregnancy as well as postpartum, including complications of assisted reproductive technology, bleeding, precipitous delivery and preterm labor. Clinical pearls and pitfalls are highlighted throughout. The approach to the pregnant patient with trauma, non-pregnancy-related abdominal pain, or in cardiac arrest is discussed. Updates in the classification and management of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are presented. Recent controversies surrounding the use of anti-emetics for first trimester nausea and vomiting and the use of a beta-hCG discriminatory zone for the evaluation of pregnancy of unknown location are also addressed. Obstetrical support services vary widely between different facilities, and Emergency Department Management of Obstetric Complications is written for emergency clinicians in all practice settings. This book provides useful information for daily practice as well as preparation for rarely encountered and potentially life-threatening events.

Emergency Department Technicians (EDTs) play a vital role in actively supporting the medical team in today’s hospitals, and the role continues to expand in light of staffing shortages and increased emergency department volumes. The Emergency Department Technician Handbook is a reliable, comprehensive resource in this increasingly important field, filling a timely need in EDT workforce development for both technicians and educators. Concise, readable text, along with high-quality clinical photos and a video library that depict procedures and patient positioning, make this new handbook a must-have resource in every emergency department.

Ethical aspects of public health emergency preparedness and response / Bruce Jennings and John D. Arras -- Justice, resource allocation, and emergency preparedness: issues regarding stockpiling / Norman Daniels -- Vulnerable populations in the context of public health emergency preparedness planning and response / Madison Powers -- Public engagement in emergency preparedness and response: ethical perspectives in public health practice / Ruth Gaare Berheim -- Professional, civic, and personal obligations in public health emergency planning and response / Angus Dawson -- Research in public health crisis: the integrative approach to managing the moral tensions / Alex John London.

There is a growing need for a book on emergency general surgery in the elderly, as adults age 65 and older are the fastest growing segment of the population worldwide, and their number is expected to double to 89 million between now and 2050. Based on these changing demographics, it is expected that there will be a concurrent rise in the demand for a variety of surgical services, including vascular surgery (with a projected growth of 31%) and general surgery (with a projected growth of 18%), as well as in all sub-disciplines of surgery (thoracic, cardiac, oncology, hepatobiliary, transplant, plastic colorectal, orthopedic, gynecologic, urology and neurosurgery). In addition, older surgical patients often require a different level of care than younger patients during the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative phases. Many of our geriatric population have multiple chronic illnesses beyond the one for which surgery is required, and therefore are prone to developing postoperative complications, functional decline, loss of independence, and other undesirable outcomes. In response, this book offers surgeons, geriatrists and nurses state-of-the-art surgical approaches and essential information on the complex perioperative care of the elderly.

Introduction to emergency imaging -- Brain -- Head and neck -- Spine -- Chest -- Abdomen and pelvis -- Musculoskeletal -- Pediatrics.

This book presents a comprehensive and modern approach to the imaging of nontraumatic and traumatic emergencies in pregnant patients. Readers will find a careful review of the relevant imaging-related clinical literature, explanation of imaging appropriateness criteria and guidelines, and enlightening discussion of current controversies in the emergency imaging of obstetric patients. The opening chapter discusses general principles of emergency imaging during pregnancy and offers an overview of an evidence-based approach to imaging interpretation. The remainder of the book describes specific applications of ultrasound, MRI, radiography, and MDCT for the imaging of common as well as less common acute brain, spine, thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic conditions during pregnancy. Clear guidance is offered on the unique challenges that may be encountered during such imaging. Emergency Imaging of Pregnant Patients is written by a group of leading North American and European emergency and trauma radiology experts. It will be of value to emergency and general radiologists, to emergency department physicians and related personnel, to obstetricians and gynecologists, to general and trauma surgeons, and to trainees in all of these specialties.

The global population is aging rapidly, and as a result emergency abdominal surgery for acute abdomen in the elderly has become a global issue. Demographic changes in the population have also altered the profile of emergency abdominal surgery, with typical causes of acute abdomen in the elderly including acute cholecystitis, incarcerated hernia, bowel obstruction and appendicitis. In these patients, recovery from surgery is often complicated, leading to longer hospital stays compared with younger patients. Laparoscopy in the emergency setting is well established and offers a number of advantages over open surgical approaches, such as reduced postoperative pain, length of hospital stay and complication rates. While laparoscopic surgery for acute diverticulitis has become more widespread, in other conditions, like small bowel obstruction and perforated peptic ulcer, laparotomy is still used in about 70% of cases. Further, despite the urgent need for knowledge regarding surgical treatment of acute abdomen in the elderly, there is still a lack of evidence in this relevant clinical field. This book analyzes the management strategies and critically evaluates the outcomes of laparoscopic emergency surgery for acute abdomen in the elderly according to the principles of evidence-based medicine. Discussing each topic clearly, and promoting the use of emergency laparoscopy in elderly patients, the book is intended for young general surgeons and surgeons in training with at least a basic knowledge of surgery for acute abdomen. It is also useful as a quick reference tool during on-call shifts.

The diagnosis and treatment of infectious disease represents a large and very important part of emergency medicine practice. Challenges faced by acute care practitioners on a daily basis range from the definitive treatment and discharge of a patient with a simple abscess, to recognition of a rare infection in a traveler, to resuscitation and stabilization of a patient with septic shock. In this second edition of Emergency Management of Infectious Diseases, we have endeavored to produce a practical, clinically oriented, systems-based overview of the most important infectious diseases encountered in emergency practice. Our textbook covers the gamut of common viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections. For each disease, we briefly discuss microbiology, pathophysiology, and epidemiology, but the emphasis is on emergent diagnosis and treatment. The narrative is supplemented with photographs and tables highlighting key diagnostic findings and current antimicrobial recommendations, including dosing. Acute care practitioners also act as sentinels for outbreaks of communicable and emerging infections, and are likely to be the first to encounter victims of biological weapons. In this edition, we include chapters on recent emerging infections such as Ebola and Zika, as well as rare but deadly infectious agents that can be weaponized, such as anthrax and smallpox. We hope that our textbook can be of use to every type of practitioner that cares for patients with infectious diseases, including emergency physicians, primary care physicians and specialists, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, residents, and medical students. We thank the many nationally and internationally respected clinicians, educators, and researchers who contributed, and hope that this second edition of Emergency Management of Infectious Diseases will prove an invaluable reference for practitioners confronting the spectrum of infectious disease.--Preface

"The idea of writing this book was born in early 2016; we knew that the road would be bumpy, yet exciting! We are thrilled to introduce the first edition of our manual to assist healthcare providers in managing our very unique patients with various hardware devices. These "hi-tech" devices help our patients breathe, walk, hear, and do a host of other essential activities of daily living. Importantly, when these patients seek emergency care due to device malfunction, infections, or other complications, it is crucial that the medical provider know how to manage both the patient, as well as the device"-- Provided by publisher.

Emergency medical service providers serve as the primary immediate response to emergencies of all kinds, including natural disasters and acts of terrorism in the United States, with states serving as the regulatory agencies responsible for training, scope of practice, and continuing education for potential and working EMS providers. This text serves as a comprehensive guide to individuals in training to become emergency medical service providers and complements Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) and Emergency Medical Responder (EMR) courses as the primary classroom text consistent with National EMS Curriculum Standards and other industry guidelines. Each chapter addresses a relevant organ system and its physiology, methods of assessment, treatment recommendations, along with a case study to illustrate the topics at hand. So much of what is involved in emergency medical services is based on practical and applicable knowledge of situations, and these case studies will provide students with exposure to the field work they will be responding to. Written with the context of COVID-19 implications in mind, this is first EMT text of its kind produced after the onset of the pandemic, with considerations and citations from national and international emergency medicine journals to incorporate guidelines and best-practices in light of shifting conditions and expectations.

Emergency Medical Services: Clinical Practice and Systems Oversight is the official textbook of the National Association of EMS PhysiciansTM (NAEMSPTM) National EMS Medical Directors Course and PracticumTM. Now paired with a companion website featuring self-assessment exercises, audio and video clips of EMS best practices in action, and more, this essential study aid guides students through the core knowledge they need to successfully complete their training and begin their careers as EMS physicians. Emergency Medical Services: Clinical Practice and Systems Oversight consists of: Volume 1: Clin.

"Emergency Medical Services: Clinical Practice and Systems Oversight is the official textbook of the National Association of EMS Physicians. National EMS Medical Directors Course and Practicum. Now paired with a companion website featuring self-assessment exercises, audio and video clips of EMS best practices in action, and more, this essential study aid guides students through the core knowledge they need to successfully complete their training and begin their careers as EMS physicians. Emergency Medical Services: Clinical Practice and Systems Oversight consists of: Volume 1: Clinical Aspects of EMS Volume 2: Medical Oversight of EMS Companion website featuring supportive self-assessment exercises, audio and video clips"-- Provided by publisher.

Be prepared to manage increasingly prevalent problems seen in the ED, such as emergent complications of fertility treatment and management of patients who have had bariatric surgery. Deliver high-quality care to your younger patients with expanded pediatrics content. Stay up to date with new chapters on Clotting Disorders and Hemophilia, Patient-Centered Care, Health Disparities and Diversity in Emergency Medicine, Cost-Effectiveness Analysis, Antibiotic Recommendations for Empirical Treatment of Selected Infectious Diseases, and Cardiac Emergency Ultrasound: Evaluation for Pericardial Effusion & Cardiac Activity.

Chest pain and cardiac dysrhythmias -- Shortness of breath -- Abdominal and pelvic pain -- Trauma, shock, and resuscitation -- Fever -- Poisoning and overdose -- Altered mental status -- Gastrointestinal bleeding -- Musculoskeletal injuries -- Headache, weakness, and dizziness -- Pediatrics -- Vaginal bleeding -- Ultrasound in the emergency department -- Environmental exposures -- Eye pain and visual change -- Prehospital, disaster, and administration -- Wound care -- Endocrine emergencies -- Psychosocial disorders -- Emerging infections.

"The trusted resource that asks the right questions so that you'll will be equipped with the answers. Emergency Medicine : PreTest® is the perfect way to ensure that you are prepared for the Emergency Medicine shelf exam. Written by clerkship faculty and reviewed by students who know what it takes to pass, Emergency Medicine : PreTest® is perfect for clerkship exam review and the USMLE Step 2CK. You'll find hundreds of high-yield questions, along with targeted answers explaining both correct and incorrect choices. This new edition has been heavily revised to reflect the latest information and practice, including a new chapter on professionalism, communication and ethics. 570 USMLE-style Q & A cover core topics on the clerkship exam. Complete explanations explain each answer option. Answer discussions highlight essential topics for high-yield review. Tested and reviewed by students who know what it takes to pass."--Taken from back cover

The number of natural and man-made disasters has risen dramatically over the last decade. Natural disasters, industrial accidents and terrorist attacks represent major incidents, often involving multiple casualties. In such cases, health professionals face multiple challenges because the type of medical care required differs from what is taught and provided in their everyday hospital duties. The aim of this book is to inform and prepare healthcare professionals for the challenges posed by major incidents, so that they can act effectively in medical teams sent on humanitarian missions or into conflict zones. It offers a holistic and horizontal approach covering all stages of the disaster management cycle. The book is divided into 5 sections: section 1: prehospital emergency services; section ii: hospital response; section iii: management of incidents; section iv: after the disaster; and section v: evaluation, ethical issues, education and research. Healthcare providers will find essential information on the special medical considerations in both prehospital and hospital disaster settings, medical management of disaster response, recovery, mitigation and preparedness. The book offers an interdisciplinary and interprofessional approach, and was written by prominent researchers and experienced practitioners.

This state-of-the-art book provides a concise and up-to-date review of key emergency medicine topics in a predominantly visual format along with extensive practice questions to assist in preparing for the emergency medicine board exams. It is comprised of numerous illustrations, created by Dr. Joseph Violaris, which are specifically tailored toward the visual learner studying and preparing for board exams in emergency medicine. The book is organized by organ system, with chapters on ophthalmology, cardiology, pulmonology, gastroenterology, nephrology, orthopedics, immunology, and more. Special chapters that conclude the book are dedicated to trauma, pediatrics, toxicology, environmental disorders, and epidemiology. Each chapter contains a visual learning guide followed by board practice questions at the end to reinforce topics addressed in the illustrations. Emergency Medicine Board Review for the Visual Learner is an essential guide for medical students, residents, and fellows in emergency and internal medicine studying for board exams as well as EM physicians and related professionals preparing for recertification.

"This book is written and designed to provide medical educators in emergency medicine with resource for integrating medical simulation into their teaching practices. Material is provided in the form of clinical cases which are drawn from a diverse group of faculty authors from a range of major teaching centers. The cases provide readers with a full spectrum of pathology. Moreover, each case is formatted and annotated so that it can be tailored to novice or advanced learners, and easily deployed in a diversity of settings. Valuable "tips or tricks" accompany images patient data. Overall, this book is deal for use by EM educators as part of a tailored teaching and assessment portfolio"--Provided by publisher.

Trauma is a leading cause of death and disability around the world, and the leading cause of death in those aged under forty-five years. Conditions such as airway obstruction, hemorrhage, pneumothorax, tamponade, bowel rupture, vascular injury, and pelvic fracture can cause death if not appropriately diagnosed and managed. This essential book provides emergency physicians with an easy-to-use reference and source for traumatic injury evaluation and management in the emergency department. It covers approaches to common, life-threatening, and traumatic diseases in the emergency department, for use on shift and as a reference for further learning. Each chapter includes a succinct overview of common traumatic injuries, with evaluation and management pearls and pitfalls. Highly illustrated with images from one of the busiest trauma centers in the US, and featuring expert contributions from a diverse set of attending physicians, this is an essential text for all emergency medicine practitioners.

This book is a practical guide to the radiologic evaluation of acute musculoskeletal injuries of the upper and lower extremities in children. It covers the detection of more subtle and frequently missed fractures and injuries such as buckle fractures, Salter Harris I and II fractures, and epiphyseal and metaphyseal fractures. It also emphasizes the assessment of soft tissues and periarticular fat pads, which can lead to discovery of the sites of bony injuries. Other pathologies that affect the musculoskeletal system, such as infections and tumors, are also discussed. It includes over 600 magnetic resonance, computed tomography, ultrasound, and radiographic images organized by anatomic region.

This book is an invaluable resource for the diagnosis and management of neurological illnesses in the emergency setting. It emphasizes the quality of prognosis to be contingent on the prompt management of these illnesses... Emergency Neurology, Second Edition is an excellent reference for neurologists, emergency room physicians, internists, neurology residents, emergency medicine residents, and internal medicine residents.

"The process of triage occurs in a variety of settings around the world, from the battlefield to the private medical office. Each venue may have different goals and practices are dependent upon the location of the incident or place of service, patient care needs and available medical resources., A triage process is essential to assist the care provider in prioritizing the needs of those seeking care, working to minimize or prevent a delay in care to the patient with the highest acuity risk. Triage methods and sources have evolved over many decades, and now address the needs of different practice settings"-- Provided by publisher.

Emergency Orthopedics is a practical, up-to-date, and comprehensive manual on the diagnosis and treatment of emergency injuries and disorders of the locomotor system. Its problem-based structure, with each chapter addressing a particular symptom, is designed to allow the reader to rapidly locate hands-on advice. For each symptom, facts and findings that will assist in diagnosis are highlighted. Possible diagnoses are suggested according to the ICD-10 code, and the proposed treatment recommendations consider both short- and long-term aspects. The text is supported by exceptionally instructive illustrations, e.g., of examination techniques and reduction maneuvers. The author has extensive practical experience in emergency rooms as well as in sports medicine, research, and education. This book will be a treasure trove of information for all who work in the emergency room and will also be very useful for general practitioners, physiotherapists, and chiropractors.

This handbook provides a comprehensive, yet succinct guide to the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of various musculoskeletal/extremity disorders in the emergency department. It covers a wide variety of common patient presentations, advanced imaging interpretation, proper anesthetic implementation, and associated extremity reduction/immobilization techniques. Richly illustrated, it assists clinical decision making with high-yield facts, essential figures, and step-by-step procedural instruction. Emergency Orthopedics Handbook is an indispensable resource for all medical professionals that manage emergent orthopedic, musculoskeletal, and local extremity injury care.

The editors are leaders in the development of the modality, and have assembled a team of experts to write the individual chapters in this authoritative text, covering all areas of this exciting and rapidly-developing field. The book also covers the basic ultrasound applications meaning it is ideal both for practitioners who are just beginning in ultrasound scanning and those who have many years of experience.

"The field of emergency psychiatry is complex and varied, encompassing elements of general medicine, emergency medicine, trauma, acute care, the legal system, politics and bureaucracy, mental illness, substance abuse and addiction, current social issues, and more. In one comprehensive, highly regarded volume, Emergency Psychiatry: Principles and Practice brings together key principles from psychiatric subspecialties as well as from emergency medicine, psychology, law, medical ethics, and public health policy. Leading emergency psychiatrists write from their extensive clinical experience, providing evidence-based information, expert opinions, American Psychiatric Association guidelines, and case studies throughout the text. This fully up-to-date second edition covers all of the important issues facing psychiatry residents and practitioners working in today's emergency settings, or who encounter psychiatric emergencies in other medical settings. Provides complete, invaluable information on every aspect of today's emergency psychiatry, including the areas of community, consultation/liaison, psychotherapy, substance abuse, psychopharmacology, disasters, children, geriatrics, administration, forensics, and much more. Reflects significant recent advances and changes in perspectives regarding crisis and emergency mental health care. Features a newly reorganized format covering Models and Standards of Patient Care, Research, and Education; General Principles of Care; Staffing and Support; Common Presenting Problems; Special Populations; and Policy and Special Topics. Includes new chapters on psychiatric boarding, staffing models, and inclusion of the family in crisis care, as well as additional special population chapters on college students, transgender individuals, prisoners, and immigrants and refugees. Covers specific approaches to common problems, such as alignment of the approach to agitation with Project BETA recommendations, and includes evidence-based management and treatment throughout. Discusses special topics such as legal issues that emergency mental health providers must be aware of, emergency telepsychiatry, best practices for working with police and law enforcement, crisis phone services, and disaster psychiatry"-- Provided by publisher.

Imaging of Acute Aortic Conditions -- Emergencies of the Biliary Tract -- Acute Appendicitis -- Imaging of Small Bowel -- Imaging of Bowel Obstruction -- Imaging of Acute Colonic Disorders -- Imaging of Genitourinary Emergencies -- Imaging of Acute Conditions of Male Reproductive Organs -- Imaging of Blunt and Penetrating Abdominal Trauma -- Acute Nontraumatic Imaging in the Liver and Spleen -- Imaging of Acute Pancreas -- Imaging of Acute Obstetric Disorders -- Imaging of Acute Gynecologic Disorders -- Emergency Radionuclide Imaging of the Thorax and Abdomen -- Imaging of Neck Emergencies -- Imaging of Acute Head Emergencies -- Imaging of Facial Fractures -- Stroke and Its Imaging Evaluation -- Imaging of Acute Orbital Pathologies -- Imaging of Upper Extremity -- Lower Extremity Trauma -- Imaging of Spinal Trauma -- Imaging of Nontraumatic Mediastinal and Pulmonary Processes -- Imaging of Acute Thoracic Trauma -- Imaging of Lines and Tubes -- Imaging of Pediatric Emergencies.

Traumatic and nontraumatic emergencies of the brain, head, and neck / Glenn Barest, Asim Z. Mian, Rohini N. Nadgir and Osamu Sakai -- Chest trauma / Ryan T. Whitesell and Laura Avery -- Abdomen trauma / Joshua W. Stuhlfaut, Christina A. LeBedis, and Jorge A. Soto -- Extremity trauma / Rathachai Kaewlai and Ajay Singh -- Extremities : nontrauma / Luis E. Diaz -- Imaging evaluation of common pediatric emergencies / Jennifer C. Talmadge, Sarah Sarvis Milla, and Sarah Dantzler Bixby -- Traumatic and nontraumatic spine emergencies / Glenn D. Barest and Margaret N. Chapman -- Nontraumatic emergency radiology of the thorax / Alejandra Duran-Mendicuti, Scott White, Salvatore Viscomi, Michael Stella, and Aaron Sodickson -- Nontrauma abdomen / Stephan W. Anderson, Brian C. Lucey, and Jorge A. Soto -- Pelvic emergencies / Brian C. Lucey -- Vascular emergencies / Russ Kuker, Carlos A. Anaya, Ana Maria Gomez, and Felipe Muner -- Emergency nuclear radiology / Anna K. Chacko and Rashmikant B. Shah.

This book provides an up-to-date, systematic review of all facets of emergency radiology in patients with chest trauma or pain with the aim of equipping the reader with a detailed knowledge of the various radiological patterns, which is essential in order to make a prompt diagnosis under circumstances when time is of critical importance. To this end, the indications, value, and results of the various emergency imaging modalities, including sonography and interventional radiology, are described and illustrated in the full range of blunt chest injuries and nontraumatic chest emergencies. Technological aspects, protocols tailored to the mechanism of injury, and post-processing techniques are also extensively covered. Emergency Radiology of the Chest and Cardiovascular System will be of value to general and interventional radiologists, radiology residents, radiology technicians, and all physicians and surgeons who work in emergency care -- Cover.

This book provides an up-to-date, systematic review of all facets of emergency radiology in patients with head and spine injuries. The aim is to equip readers with a detailed knowledge of the various radiological patterns that may be encountered, thereby facilitating prompt diagnosis under circumstances in which time is of crucial importance. The indications, value, and results of the various emergency imaging modalities, including interventional radiology, are described and illustrated in the full range of traumatic and nontraumatic head and spine emergencies. In addition, basic management principles and technological aspects are fully explained, and protocols tailored to the mechanism of injury are presented. Emergency Radiology of the Head and Spine will be of value to neuroradiologists, interventional neuroradiologists, neurosurgeons, emergency radiologists, emergency physicians, radiology residents, radiology technicians, and all physicians and surgeons who work in emergency care.

This manual explains how to make the right decisions on the timing and selection of investigations and surgical procedures in emergency and urgent surgical settings and describes the most widely used procedures step by step with the aid of high-quality illustrations. The goal is to address the situations that can arise in almost any emergency department throughout the world, enabling the surgeon on call to acquire or sharpen the knowledge and skills needed to deal with acute surgical problems in the most appropriate way. The reader will gain a sound understanding of the most efficient diagnostic modalities, pre-, intra-, and postoperative decision-making, and surgical techniques and issues in particular circumstances. The manual stems from an initiative by members of the European Society of Trauma and Emergency Surgery (ESTES) and the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) to set up and formalize Emergency Surgery Courses to provide specific training in emergency and acute care surgery. It represents a didactic accompaniment to the course that will guide the beginner and maintain a certain degree of standardization among the more experienced.

This book is aimed at surgeons faced with the immediate management of acute surgical problems in a variety of resource settings. The topics covered are common in both developed and developing countries as well as in tropical and non-tropical settings. The book offers an introduction to trauma, which includes primary, secondary and tertiary surveys, trauma resuscitation, and multidisciplinary care followed by a short section on acute burns management and a discussion of a range of specific surgical topics including various of acute abdomen, upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding, perianal conditions, oncological issues that require acute intervention, abdominal wall problems, urological emergencies and neck swellings. It also addresses the rational use of antibiotics and medications and the role of high dependency units. Each chapter includes a flow chart algorithm with multiple endpoints that relate to the resource situations available to the surgeon. The book is of interest to clinicians dealing with changes in acute surgery and the increasing disparity between developed and developing countries.

This comprehensive, multi-authored book covers all aspects of surgery on obese patients in emergency conditions. Obesity is a metabolic disease affecting a high percentage of world population. It involves marked anthropometric changes, affecting surgical practice and altering patients' ability to react to surgical stress. The prevalent comorbidities also affect the rate of complications and mortality after surgery. The obesity paradox, the ability of obese patients to survive emergency operations in spite of an increased risk of complications, is an effect of the widespread development of "Obesity Science". This volume discusses this science, examining the frailty of the obese patients and the main comorbidities that affect clinical practice, as well as the most frequent emergency situations after trauma, inflammatory diseases and the complications of bariatric surgery. With contributions from leading experts, it provides clinicians with detailed and updated information for better practice in this emerging field of surgery.

Regional anesthesia of the upper limb / I. Baeckelmans, E. Colling, J.-P. Galeazzi, J. Welter -- Emergency microsurgery of the upper extremity / Adrian Ooi, Amitabha Lahiri, Aymeric YT Lim -- Instrumentation and technical equipment / G. Dautel -- Injury assessment and operative strategy / M. Merle, A. Lim -- Sprains and dislocations of the fingers / F. Dap, M. Merle, T. Jager, A. Lim ; in collaboration with M. Isel -- Dislocations and fracture-dislocations of the carpometacarpal joints of the digits and the thumb / Ph. Chardel, Th. Jager, A. Lim -- Metacarpal and phalangeal fractures / by M. Merle, Th. Jager ; in collaboration with M. Isel, Iallemand, A., Lim, A., Durand, Ph. Voche -- Revascularization / G. Dautel -- Finger and hand soft tissue defects / G. Dautel -- Flexor tendon injuries / by M. Merle, Th. Jager, A. Lim ; in collaboration with M. Isel -- Injuries of the extensor apparatus / by M. Merle, A. Lim Th. Jager, L. Vaienti ; in collaboration with M. Isel, C. Camps, A. Durand -- Temporary amputations and permanent amputations / G. Dautel -- Nail trauma / G. Dautel -- Nerve injuries / M. Merle and A. Lim ; in collaboration with Th. Jager, L. Vaienti -- Digital replantations / G. Dautel, Ph. Voche -- Hand replantations / G. Loda -- The "tissue bank" / G. Dautel -- Dressing / G. Dautel and E. Lee -- Surgical treatment of hand infections / Th. Jager and R. Srisena.

This volume provides an overview of the current evidence-based medical and surgical practice in emergency conditions in colorectal cancer patients. It offers a multidisciplinary perspective, taking into account the specific characteristics of colorectal cancer patients, the necessary pre-operative assessment, the endoscopic and radiological management, and the surgical treatments. Each chapter is supplemented with tables, figures, key-point boxes, schematic representations, and decision-making trees that serve as easy-to-use tools to apply in the different scenarios requiring acute care. Recommendations for best practice and the main reference articles are included for each topic, as well as numerous illustrated clinical cases with cilnical and empirical evidence regarding the surgical management of colorectal cancer. Specific technical aspects of the different surgical interventions and approaches (e.g., open surgery, laparoscopy, and robotics) are also detailed. This book is intended for residents and emergency surgeons, as well as all practictioners who treat colorectal cancer patients, such as gastroenterologists, oncologists, and radiologists.

This book focuses on the placement of vascular access devices under emergent conditions, including the techniques and devices needed to achieve successful device deployment in even the most critically-ill patient. Up-to-date references and evidence for best practices are provided, informing both the novice and experienced healthcare provider. Each chapter is meticulously researched, including individual chapters focusing upon peripheral intravenous, intraosseous, central venous, and ultrasound-guided catheter placement. Device selection and emergent decision-making are discussed at length, including such crucial determinants as infusion flow rates, device limitations, issues with medication incompatibility, complications of line placement, and the relative indications and contraindications associated with various vascular access approaches. Emergent Vascular Access is an essential resource for any healthcare provider who places or manages vascular access devices in critically-ill patients, including emergency and ICU physicians, residents, rapid response providers, EMS paramedics, patient care technicians, medical students, and nurses.

The book will provide insights into epidemic and emerging mycoses in various animal groups. The different categories of pathogens and outbreak fungi are discussed. In an introductory chapter, the reader will be provided basic information on fungal infections that are non-transmissible, infections from a common environmental source known as sapronoses, and zoophilic fungal pathogens in various animal species and populations, worldwide. Chapter 2 details the vocabulary and terminology that is required in the scientific literature in order to maintain clarity of expression to the field of Mycology. Chapters 3 to 9 discuss epidemic mycoses with a reservoir in animals and occasional outbreaks, including dermatophytoses, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, paracoccidioidomycosis, adiaspiromycosis and similar diseases, blastomycosis, and paracoccidioidomycosis ceti (lacaziosis/lobomycosis). Chapters 10 to 15 comprise emerging mycoses in animals that include feline sporotrichosis, lethargic crab disease, emergence of C. gattii in animals and zoonotic potential, white-nose syndrome in hibernating bats, chytridiomycosis in frogs and salamanders and aspergillosis in cats. The last chapter is about treatment possibilities, antifungal use in veterinary practice, and emergence of resistance. The book will address medical and veterinary mycologists, microbiologists, veterinarians, infectious disease specialists, epidemiologists, ecologists, public health scientists from academia and industry as well as graduate students, PhD students and postdocs in the field.

The role of HLA in MS susceptibility and phenotype -- Sex-based differences in multiple sclerosis (Part I): biology of disease incidence -- Sex-based difference in multiple sclerosis (MS): Part II: rising incidence of multiple sclerosis in women and the vulnerability of men to progression of this disease -- The role of environment and lifestyle in determining the risk of multiple sclerosis -- Evidence for an association between Vitamin D and multiple sclerosis -- Photoimmunology and multiple sclerosis -- Modelling MS: chronic-relapsing EAE in the NOD/Lt mouse strain -- Developing biomarkers for MS -- Helminth Therapy for MS -- Self-assembling peptides form immune suppressive amyloid fibrils effective in autoimmune encephalomyelitis -- Index.

Preface- emerging viruses: from early detection to intervention -- How to tackle natural focal infections: from risk assessment to vaccination strategies -- Human-animal interface: the case for influenza interspecies transmission -- Bats and emerging infections: an ecological and virological puzzle -- The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus- a continuing risk to global health security -- Emerging Zika virus infection: a rapidly evolving situation -- Syrian hamsters as a small animal model for emerging infectious diseases: advances in immunologic methods -- Enabling rapid response to the 2014-2016 ebola epidemic: the experience and the results of the National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzai -- Prioritization of high consequence viruses to improve European laboratory preparedness for cross-border health threats -- The potential of social media and internet-based data in preventing and fighting infectious diseases: from internet to Twitter -- Erratum: Emerging Zika virus infection: a rapidly evolving situation -- Index.

This book, which is the first volume of the book series-Livestock Diseases and Management, summarizes the prominence and implications of the emerging and transboundary animal viruses. Although the livestock plays an important role in the economy of many countries, the emerging and transboundary animal viral diseases possess a serious risk to the animal-agriculture sector and food security globally. The book describes the precise and up-to-date information on animal viral diseases which have emerged in the recent past or are re-emerging due to various environmental factors and those which are not bounded in restricted national boundaries and attained the transboundary status. The chapters summarize the recent advancements in the molecular state-of-art tools towards the development of diagnostics, prophylactics, and therapeutics of these viruses. It also explicitly describes the challenges imposed by the emerging and transboundary viral infections and our preparedness to counter them.

Ch. 1. Quantitative radiology: applications to oncology -- Ch. 2. The intricate role of CXCR4 in cancer -- Ch. 3. Recent advances in nanoparticle-based nuclear imaging of cancers -- Ch. 4. Molecular-genetic imaging of cancer -- Ch. 5. Real-time fluorescence image-guided oncologic surgery -- Ch. 6. Cerenkov Imaging -- Ch. 7. Molecular imaging of the tumor microenvironment for precision medicine and theranostics -- Ch. 8. Tracking cellular and immune therapies in cancer -- Ch. 9. Developing MR probes for molecular imaging -- Ch. 10. Clinical translation of molecular imaging agents used in PET studies in cancer -- Index.

This book mainly focuses on advances made over the past 10 years on the exposure, metabolism, transformation, toxicity, molecular mechanism and biomarkers of emerging chemicals in humans. Emerging chemicals' pollution is a hot issue in the field of environmental health. Emerging chemicals refer to a class of compounds widely existing in the environment and potentially harmful to the ecological environment and human health. They are also the preferred substances for future environmental control. The list of emerging chemicals include human drugs and personal care products (PPCPs), endocrine disruptors (EDC), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), veterinary drugs and nanomaterials. However, the environmental and health hazard characteristics of most emerging chemicals are not clear. The aim of this book is to stimulate further research in new directions by providing novel and provocative insights into the exposure assessment and potential mechanisms of emerging chemicals in humans. It also offers a state-of-the-art report on recent discoveries concerning emerging chemicals and where the field is going.

Neuro-oncology is one of the most exciting and rapidly evolving areas of oncology. In recent years there has been a remarkable increase in activity in the field, from basic science through to the clinic. This is reflected by advances in the understanding of the biology of CNS malignancies which have informed the development of novel and successful therapies. In this environment it is essential to facilitate communication and understanding of new ideas and concepts. Emerging Concepts in Neuro-Oncology is written with this in mind: to encourage collaboration across traditional boundaries and promote translational research for patient benefit. The book moves from concepts in the scientific basis of neuro-oncology in part one, through models of brain cancer in part two, to emerging concepts in clinical practice in part three, with a focus on translational research. This book will be an essential read for neuroscience researchers, cancer researchers, neurosurgeons and clinical oncologists as well as anyone with an interest in this exciting, dynamic field.

"This volume reviews the current state of research on immune checkpoints and offers novel concepts. It discusses the two most important immune checkpoints: T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death-1 (PD-1). It shows that antagonistic antibodies against these two molecules are highly effective in the treatment of various cancers and that PD-1 and CTLA-4 have been linked to the suppression of T-cell receptor signaling and co-stimulatory molecules. Further, the volume examines other agents, a number of cells, receptors and signaling molecules, that are also involved in the regulation of T-cell activation and extends the concept of immune checkpoints to 'molecules and cells that negatively regulate T-cell activation'. Playing essential roles in immune homeostasis, they could offer new targets for cancer immunotherapy, and for the therapy of autoimmune diseases. Written by internationally respected scientists, this book will appeal to basic scientists, clinicians, drug development researchers, and advanced students alike." -- Back cover.

Emerging contaminants are chemical and biological agents for which there is growing concern about their potential health and environmental effects. The threat lies in the fact that the sources, fate and toxicology of most of these compounds have not yet been studied. Emerging contaminants, therefore, include a large number of both recently discovered and well-known compounds such as rare earth elements, viruses, bacteria, nanomaterials, microplastics, pharmaceuticals, endocrine disruptors, hormones, personal care products, cosmetics, pesticides, surfactants and industrial chemicals. Emerging contaminants have been found in many daily products, and some of them accumulate in the food chain. Correlations have been observed between aquatic pollution by emerging contaminants and discharges from wastewater treatment plants. Most actual remediation methods are not effective at removing emerging contaminants. This first volume presents comprehensive knowledge on emerging contaminants with a focus on analysis, toxicity, antibiotic resistance and human health.

Athletes are always aiming to be faster, better, stronger. New techniques to enhance their sporting performance have increasingly been linked to use of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) and other hard-to-detect substances like performance-enhancing drugs. This book offers a timely analysis of the new challenges posed by this phenomenon in the anti-doping community. The authors present the first comprehensive perspective on the rapidly shifting doping scenario and reflect on use, regulation, policy, and market structure of NPS used in sports. They highlight the challenges with the list of prohibited substances and methods in and out of competition. They also evaluate how methods to detect new drugs present an ongoing battle for doping control as they have to be adapted constantly. Topics covered within the chapters include: Contamination of Sports Supplements with Novel Psychoactive Substances Untested Supplement Use Among Athletes: An Overlooked Phenomenon? International Drug Control: Protecting the Health of the Athlete Analysis of New Chemical Entities in a Sport Context Emerging Drugs in Sport establishes a clear benchmark on the policy discussion, drawing from available evidence and sources, including athletes' personal experiences, to generate a fact-based resource that informs a research as well as wider audience. The book is essential reading for those working in anti-doping, substance misuse, sports, ethics, and human enhancement. It also is useful for policy-makers, legislative personnel, and other professionals with an interest in protecting clean sport.

As we know, rapid industrialization is a serious concern in the context of a healthy environment and public health due to the generation of huge volumes of toxic wastewater. Although various physico-chemical and biological approaches are available for the treatment of this wastewater, many of them are not effective. Now, there a number of emerging ecofriendly, cost-effective approaches utilizing microorganisms (bacterial/fungi/algae), green plants or their enzymes, and constructed wetland treatment systems in the treatment of wastewaters containing pollutants such as endocrine disrupting chemicals, toxic metals, pesticides, dyes, petroleum hydrocarbons and phenolic compounds. This book provides a much-needed, comprehensive overview of the various types of wastewater and their ecotoxicological effects on the environment, humans, animals and plants as well as various emerging and eco-friendly approaches for their treatment. It provides insights into the ecological problems and challenges in the treatment and management of wastewaters generated by various sources.

A global perspective on the management and prevention of emerging and re-emerging diseases Emerging infectious diseases are newly identified or otherwise previously unknown infections that cause public health challenges. Re-emerging infectious diseases are due to both the reappearance of and an increase in the number of infections from a disease that is known, but which had formerly caused so few infections that it was no longer considered a public health problem. The factors that cause the emergence or re-emergence of a disease are diverse. This book takes a look at the worl

West Africa 2013: Re-examining Ebola / Daniel G. Bausch, Amanda Rojek, and Mikiko Senga -- Preparing for Serious Communicable Diseases in the United States: What the Ebola Virus Epidemic Has Taught Us / Bruce S. Ribner and Jay B. Varkey -- Ebola Virus Disease: Therapeutic and Potential Preventative Opportunities / Robert Fisher and Luciana Borio -- Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) / Sonja A. Rasmussen, Amelia K. Watson, and David L. Swerdlow -- The Emergence of Enterovirus D-68 / Kevin Messacar, Mark J. Abzug, and Samuel R. Dominguez -- The Role of Punctuated Evolution in the Pathogenicity of Influenza Viruses / Jonathan A. McCullers -- Measles in the United States since the Millennium: Perils and Progress in the Post-Elimination Era / Anne Schuchat, Amy Parker Fiebelkorn, and William Bellini -- Chikungunya Virus: Current Perspectives on a Re-Emerging Virus / Clayton R. Morrison, Kenneth S. Plante, and Mark T. Heise -- Zika Virus Disease / Werner Georg Slenczka -- West Nile Virus Infection / James J. Sejvar -- Mobilization of Carbapenemase-Mediated Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae / Amy Mathers -- Antimicrobial Resistance Expressed by Neisseria gonorrhoeae: A Major Global Public Health Problem in the 21st Century / Magnus Unemo, Carlos del Rio, and William M. Shafer -- Bordetella holmesii: Still Emerging and Elusive 20 Years On / Laure F. Pittet and Klara M. Posfay Barbe -- Cronobacter spp. / Brian P. Blackwood and Catherine J. Hunter -- Clostridium difficile Infection / Jae Hyun Shin, Esteban Chaves-Olarte, and Cirle A. Warren -- Emerging Tick-Borne Bacterial Pathogens / Tahar Kernif, Hamza Leulmi, Didier Raoult, and Philippe Parola -- Bordatella pertussis / Delma J. Nieves and Ulrich Heininger -- Invasive Infections with Nontyphoidal Salmonella in Sub-Saharan Africa / Barbara E. Mahon and Patricia I. Fields -- Fungal Infections Associated with Contaminated Steroid Injections / Carol A. Kaufman and Anurag N. Malani -- Emerging Fungal Infections in the Pacific Northwest: the Unrecognized Burden of Coccidioides immitis and Cryptococcus gattii / Shawn R. Lockhart, Orion McCotter, and Tom M. Chiller -- The Emerging Amphibian Fungal Disease, Chytridiomycosis: A Key Example of the Global Phenomenon of Wildlife Emerging Infectious Diseases / Jonathan E. Kolby and Peter Daszak -- Arteminsinin-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum Malaria / Rick M. Fairhurst and Arjen M. Dondorp.

This book deals with the fundamentals of key physiological mechanisms involved in the development and growth of fish larvae. Chapters included show how the environmental and nutritional conditions are affecting the developmental process from its molecular basis and how these same conditions also influence the final characteristics of late larvae and fry. This volume provides recent findings on the importance of environmental rhythms, some specific nutrients and the adequate microbial environment in the developmental processes including recent results of current research projects.

Emerging Nanotechnologies in Immunology: The Design, Applications and Toxicology of Nanopharmaceuticals and Nanovaccines aims to deliver a systematic and comprehensive review of data concerning the nature of interaction and nano-related risks between the nanopharmaceuticals currently in the pipeline of S&T development for skin, ocular and nasal drug delivery, including absorption, toxicity, and the ability to distribute after systemic exposure. The book's contributors address a representative set of the broad spectrum of nanopharmaceutics presently being used, including cationic lipid nanoparticles, polymeric PLGA, PLA nanoparticles, biomacromolecules-based nanoparticles, and other scaffolds tissue-engineered skin substitutes. In addition, regulation and risk are also covered since the safety of these nanopharmaceuticals still represents a barrier to their wide and innovative use.

Contributors -- About the editor -- Preface / Willm Mistral -- Changing perspectives on problematic drug use / Richard Velleman -- Formulating effective alcohol policy : not as simple as it sounds / Robin Davidson -- Binge drinking : consumption, consequences, causes and control / Willm Mistral -- A picture tells a thousand stories : young women, mobile technology and drinking narratives / Rebecca Brown -- Exploring emerging perspectives on gender and drug use / Karenza Moore and Fiona Measham -- Embracing children and families in substance misuse treatment / Lorna Templeton -- In their own right : developing confidential services for children and young people affected by parental alcohol and drug use / Louise Hill -- Screening for alcohol use disorders / Lesley Smith -- From comorbidity to multiple health behaviour change / Amanda Baker, Sarah Hiles, Louise Thornton, Amanda Searl, Peter Kelly and Frances Kay-Lambkin -- Counselling in intensive structured day treatment : the co-production of recovery / Tim Leighton -- Movements towards recovery / Willm Mistral and Stephen Wilkinson -- How current drug laws impede research and clinical treatments / David Nutt -- Index.

"The transformation of nursing as a profession is moving at lightning speed into the next decade. There is a call to nurses across the country to prepare for the National Academy of Medicine's 2020-2030 Future of Nursing consensus study. It will serve to recommend nursing's focus on in the next decade to meet the pressing challenge to decrease health disparities in the United States. Nurses, 4 million strong, are the largest population of practicing clinicians, the most significant users of health information technology, and required early health IT adopters"-- Provided by publisher.

"This is the first book to cover emerging technologies and clinical evidence in the field of brachytherapy. The book is divided into 5 sections, with each section having multiple chapters to adequately cover all issues of interest: 1) Emerging Physics Technologies, 2) Emerging Imaging Technologies, 3) Emerging Clinical Evidences, 4) The Brachytherapy Suites of the Future, Today, and 5) Is Brachytherapy a Competitive Modality? The book is an outstanding resource for all medical physicists, medical doctors, residents and students who wish to keep abreast of emerging technologies in brachytherapy, and plan ahead so that new technologies can be adopted in-clinic as soon as they are released"-- Provided by publisher.