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  • Book
    American Association of Critical-Care Nurses ; [edited by] Tonja M. Hartjes.
    Contents:
    Professional caring and ethical practice
    Pulmonary system
    Cardiovascular system
    Neurologic system
    The renal system
    Endocrine system
    Hematologic and immune systems
    Gastrointestinal system
    Multisystem disorders
    Psychosocial aspects of high acuity and critical care
    Care of patients with special needs.
    Digital Access ClinicalKey Nursing 2018
  • Article
    Scott A, Hill AE, Chakrabarti MK, Carruthers B.
    Br J Anaesth. 1978 Apr;50(4):331-8.
    Five patterns of ventilation have been compared in dogs: (1) spontaneous ventilation at ambient pressure (SV); (2) intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV); (3) spontaneous ventilation at 0.98 kPa positive airway pressure, delivered from a non-rebreathing circuit incorporating a 5-litre reservoir bag and fresh-gas flow of twice the minute volume (CPAP (bag)); (4) spontaneous ventilation at 0.98 kPa positive airway pressure, with the reservoir bag replaced by a weighted bellows (CPAP (bellows)) and (5) IPPV with 0.98 kPa positive end-expiratory pressure (CPPV). CPAP significantly decreased the rate of respiration compared with SV. CPAP (bellows) resulted in a significant increase in tidal volume. Mean oesophageal pressure, right atrial pressure, pulmonary wedge pressure and pulmonary artery pressure increased during IPPV, CPAP (bag), CPAP (bellows), and CPPV compared with SV. There were no significant changes in mean systemic arterial pressure, cardiac output, PaO2, PaCO2, CaO2, (CaO2-CVO2), PAO2-PAO2) or pulmonary venous admixture. Under the conditions of this study oxygen transport was not altered by positive airway pressure ventilation.
    Digital Access Access Options