BookJean-Louis Vincent, editor.
Summary: The Annual Update compiles reviews of the most recent developments in clinical intensive care and emergency medicine research and practice in one comprehensive book. The chapters are written by well recognized experts in these fields. The book is addressed to everyone involved in intensive care and emergency medicine, anesthesia, surgery, internal medicine, and pediatrics.
Contents:
Intro
Contents
Abbreviations
Part I: Sepsis and the Immune Response
1: The Role of Mitochondria in the Immune Response in Critical Illness
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Mitochondrial Machinery That Mediates and Regulates Immune Responses in Critical Illness
1.2.1 Metabolic Reprogramming
1.2.2 Mitochondrial ROS and mtDNA
1.2.3 Succinate and Itaconate
1.2.4 Mitochondrial Dynamics
1.3 Immunometabolism: The Perfect World Scenario vs. the Critical Illness Scenario
1.4 Potential of Mitochondria-Targeting Therapy in Critical Care 1.5 Challenges of Applying Mitochondria-Targeting Therapy in Critical Care
1.6 Conclusion
References
2: Immunomodulation by Tetracyclines in the Critically Ill: An Emerging Treatment Option?
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Immunopathogenesis of Sepsis
2.3 Immunopathogenesis of ARDS
2.4 Mechanisms of Action of Tetracyclines in ARDS
2.4.1 In Vivo Models
2.4.1.1 Effects on Inflammatory Cytokines and NLRP3 Inflammasome Caspase-1 Signaling
2.4.1.2 Effects on MMPs
2.4.1.3 Effects on Neutrophil Transmigration
2.4.2 Human Data 2.5 Mechanisms of Action of Tetracyclines in Sepsis
2.5.1 In Vitro Models
2.5.1.1 Effects on Cytokine and Chemokine Production
2.5.1.2 Effects on Arachidonic Acid Metabolites and NO Production
2.5.2 In Vivo Models
2.5.2.1 Effects on MAPK Signaling Pathways and Inflammatory Mediators
2.5.2.2 Effects on Organ Dysfunction
2.5.3 Human Data
2.6 Future Research Perspectives
2.7 Conclusion
References
3: Hit Early: Blocking Interleukin-1 in the Treatment of COVID-19 Pneumonia
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Cytokines and Disease Progression in COVID-19 3.3 Contribution of Monocytes and Macrophages in Early Cytokine Response
3.4 How Can Early Activation of IL-1 Be Identified?
3.5 SAVE Strategy: Early Blockade of IL-1 Guided by Biomarkers
3.6 Conclusion
References
4: Hemoadsorption Therapy During ECMO: Emerging Evidence
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Devices and Implementation
4.3 Hemoadsorption in Combination with ECMO
4.4 Hemoadsorption in Severe COVID-19 Supported with ECMO
4.5 Discussion and Outlook
4.6 Conclusion
References
Part II: Respiratory Issues 5: The Forgotten Circulation and Transpulmonary Pressure Gradients
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Pulmonary Vessel Anatomy
5.3 Pulmonary Vascular Dysfunction
5.4 Pulmonary Circulation and Its Components
5.4.1 The Transpulmonary Driving Pressure: A Small Gradient with Big Importance
5.4.2 Pulmonary Vascular Resistance and 'Closing Pressures'
5.5 Measuring the Transpulmonary Pressure Gradient
5.6 The Evolving Role of Pulmonary Arterial Compliance
5.7 Relevant Clinical Scenarios in Critical Illness
5.7.1 Pulmonary Hypertension
5.7.2 Right Ventricular Dysfunction