BookNir Sterer, Mel Rosenberg.
Summary: One-fifth of adults suffer from bad breath, and it can be a tell-tale disease indicator. Yet most health professionals remain ill-informed about the condition. This illustrated text combines basic research with clinical approaches to diagnosis and treatment.
Contents:
Intro
Contents
1: Introduction
2: Breath Odors of Oral Origin (Oral Malodor)
2.1 Oral Malodor and the Tongue
2.2 Oral Malodor, Gingival Health, and Periodontal Disease
2.3 Oral Malodor and Dental Restorations
2.4 Oral Malodor and Oral Dryness
References
3: Biochemical and Microbial Aspects of Oral Malodor Production
3.1 The General Role of Bacteria in Breath Odors
3.2 The Bacterial Origin of Oral Odors
3.3 Metabolic Factors Affecting Malodor Production
3.4 Biochemical Aspects
3.4.1 Metabolism 3.4.2 Malodorous Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the Oral Cavity
3.5 Microbial Aspects
3.5.1 Malodor-Producing Microorganisms
References
4: Odor Perception
4.1 Olfactory Psychophysics
4.2 Odor Mixtures
4.3 Odor Perception and Odor Evaluation Panels
References
5: Breath Odors of Nasal and Pharyngeal Origin
5.1 Chronic Sinusitis
5.2 Chronic Caseous Tonsillitis
5.3 Foreign Bodies
5.4 Craniofacial Anomalies
References
6: Breath Odors and the Gastrointestinal Tract
6.1 Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) 9.1 Pre-appointment Instructions
9.2 Patient Interview
9.3 Examination
9.3.1 Organoleptic Measurements
9.3.2 Oral VSC Quantification
9.3.3 Examination of the Oral Cavity
9.3.4 Biochemical and Microbial Assays
References
10: Self-Assessment of Breath Odors
References
11: Breath Odors, Prevalence, Gender, and Age
11.1 Prevalence
11.2 Gender
11.3 Age
References
12: Psychological Aspects of Breath Odors
12.1 Halitophobia
12.2 Olfactory Reference Syndrome (ORS)
12.3 Back to Halitophobia
References
13: Oral Malodor Management 13.1 Mechanical Therapy
13.2 Chemical Therapy
13.3 Professional Treatment
References
14: History of Breath Odors
14.1 Culture and Folklore
14.2 Early Scientific and Medical Literature
14.3 Modern History
References
15: Future Prospects
References