BookCheorl-Ho Kim.
Summary: This book presents the latest knowledge and the most recent research results in the field of ganglioside biochemistry. The early chapters cover all relevant background on sialic acids and their biosynthesis, on N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), which cannot be synthesized by humans, and on general aspects of ganglioside research. Ganglioside adsorption, disorders of ganglioside degradation, and the regulation of gangliosides are thoroughly discussed. A major focus of the book is the role of gangliosides in cancer. Here, the discussion encompasses, for example, the biological importance, antigenicity, and immunological actions of tumor-associated gangliosides (TAGs), the significance of different glycolipids and gangliosides as TAGs, and emerging anti-cancer vaccine strategies. The ability of sialic acids and TAGs of tumor cells to escape immunosurveillance and immunoediting also receives detailed attention. The significance of sialic acids in regulation of the complement system is explained, and the closing chapter focuses especially on the role of sialyl T antigen in cancer. The book will be of value for all who are interested in functional glycobiology and glycomic studies.
Contents:
Intro
Preface
Carbohydrates: The Third Life Chain
Contents
Chapter 1: Glycosylation
1.1 General Aspect of Glycosylation
1.2 Classification of Protein Glycosylation and Posttranslational Modification
1.3 Glycosyltransferases
1.3.1 ABO Blood Type Model of Glycosyltransferases and Historical View
1.3.2 Enzyme Properties of Glycosyltransferases
References
Chapter 2: N-Glycan and O-Glycan Glycosylation in Eukaryotes
2.1 Dolichol-Linked Oligosaccharide (DLO) Biosynthesis for Initial Supplies in N-Glycans
2.2 N-Glycan Glycosylation in ER 3.5 Sulfotransferases for Modification of Carbohydrates
References
Chapter 4: Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDG) of N-Glycoprotein
References
Chapter 5: Neuraminic Acids/Sialic Acids (N-acetyl- and N-glycolylneuraminic Acid)
5.1 Sialic Acids for Differentiation Between Animal and Plant Kingdom
5.2 Outlined Biological Function of Sialic Acids
5.3 Structural Diversity of Sialic Acid Species
5.4 Emerging SA-Containing Glycosphingolipids and Evolutional Occurrence of Methyl-SAs from Deuterosome Echinoderms During the...
References 7.6 Human Serum IgG Antibodies Kill Cultured Primary Leukemia Cells Fed with NeuGc Species
7.7 DCs Behavior During the Acquisition of NeuGc
7.8 The Functions of SA Residue and SA-Linked Carbohydrate Chain
References
Chapter 8: Gangliosides
8.1 General Aspects in Current Gangliobiology
8.1.1 The Immune Suppression and Escape Capacity of Cancer Gangliosides
8.1.2 Regulation of Growth Factor (GF)-GF Receptor (GFR)-Mediated Functions by Gangliosides in the Tumor Microenvironment
8.1.3 Gangliosides Inhibit Cell Cycle and Signaling Chapter 6: Biosynthesis of Sialic Acid
6.1 Hexosamine Pathway and CMP-SA Biosynthesis
6.2 Enzyme Properties of GNE, GFPT, and PGM3 and Utilization of Synthesized SA
References
Chapter 7: Neu5Gc (N-Glycolylneuraminic Acid)
7.1 Enzymatic Synthesis of Neu5Gc
7.2 Expression of Neu5Gc-Forming CMAH in Animals, But Not Humans
7.3 Biological Functions of the NeuGc in Normal System and Xeno-System
7.4 Tumor Immunogenicity of NeuGc Incorporation
7.5 Evolutionary Defense Mechanism of Neu5Gc Biosynthesis in Parasite Infection