BookPrakash Kumar Sarangi, Sonil Nanda and Pravakar Mohanty, editors.
Summary: The concerns relating to global warming, climate change, and increasing energy demands have led to significant research towards the development of alternative energy to substitute the fossil energy sources. Biomass-based energy or biofuels are highly promising due to many perceptible environmental and socio-economic advantages. Cutting-edge academic research and advanced industrial product development have created tremendous scope for the implementation of biofuels at a global scale to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions and supplement the escalating energy demands. The prime focus of this book is to provide an overview of the different technologies utilized to harness the chemical energy from plant-based non-edible biomass and other organic wastes in the form of solid, liquid, and gaseous biofuels. The opportunities and challenges of different biomass conversion technologies, especially biomass-to-liquid, biomass-to-gas and gas-to-liquid routes, as well as biomass pretreatments, densification, anaerobic digestion, reforming, transesterification, supercritical fluid extraction, microalgal carbon sequestration, life-cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis have been comprehensively discussed in this book. This book is an amalgamation of fifteen different chapters each with distinctive investigations and a collective focus relating to the transition from fossil fuels towards carbon-neutral biofuels. This book serves as a benchmark for academic and industrial researchers involved in exploring the true potentials of plant residues and waste organic matter to produce alternative renewable fuels. To realize the real promises of bioenergy, this book attempts to assess the biorefining approaches, biofuel production and application, and environmental sustainability.
Contents:
Intro; Preface; Contents; Contributors; About the Editors;
1: A Broad Introduction to First-, Second-, and Third-Generation Biofuels; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 First-, Second-, and Third-Generation Biomass Sources; 1.3 Bioethanol; 1.4 Biobutanol; 1.5 Bio-oil; 1.6 Algal Oil; 1.7 Biodiesel; 1.8 Hydrogen; 1.9 Biomethane; 1.10 Aviation Fuel; 1.11 Conclusions; References;
2: Densification of Agricultural Wastes and Forest Residues: A Review on Influential Parameters and Treatments; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Effects of Moisture Content; 2.3 Effects of Pelletization Temperature. 2.4 Effects of Pelletization Pressure (Applied Force)2.5 Effects of Particle Size; 2.6 Effects of Binders and Extractives; 2.7 Biomass Pre-treatments; 2.7.1 Steam Explosion; 2.7.2 Biomass Torrefaction; 2.8 Pellet Post-treatments; 2.8.1 Pellet Coating; 2.8.2 Pellet Torrefaction; 2.9 General Risk Evaluation for Handling and Storage of Biomass Pellets; 2.9.1 Dust Formation; 2.9.2 Self-Ignition and Self-Heating; 2.9.3 Formation of Off-Gases; 2.10 Conclusions; References;
3: An Overview on the Application of Ligninolytic Microorganisms and Enzymes for Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass. 3.1 Introduction3.2 Composition of Biomass; 3.3 Biological Pretreatment of Biomass: An Overview; 3.4 Application of Lignin-Degrading Microorganisms for Pretreatment of Biomass; 3.5 Application of Ligninolytic Enzymes for Pretreatment of Biomass; 3.6 Factors Affecting Biological Pretreatment of Biomass; 3.7 Conclusions; References;
4: Role of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) in the Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass for an Integrated Biorefinery ... ; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Lignocellulosic Feedstocks; 4.3 Biomass Pretreatment Processes; 4.4 Biological Pretreatment. 4.11.7 Bioethanol Production4.11.8 Carbon Dioxide Sequestration; 4.11.9 Chemical Extraction; 4.12 Technical Assessment of NADES; 4.13 Future Perspective; 4.14 Conclusions; References;
5: Recent Developments and Challenges of Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol Fermentation; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol (ABE) Fermentation Process; 5.3 Challenges and Possible Outcomes in the ABE Fermentation; 5.4 Conclusions; References;
6: Current Advancements, Prospects and Challenges in Biomethanation; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Methanotrophs; 6.3 Bioremediation via Methanotrophy. 4.5 Physical Pretreatment4.6 Physicochemical Pretreatment; 4.7 Chemical Pretreatment; 4.8 Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES): Synthesis and Mechanism; 4.9 Types of NADES Reagents; 4.9.1 Hydrophilic; 4.9.2 Hydrophobic; 4.10 Physicochemical Properties of NADES; 4.10.1 Structure; 4.10.2 Viscosity; 4.10.3 Density; 4.10.4 Conductivity; 4.10.5 Thermal Properties; 4.10.6 Polarity; 4.11 Functional Properties of NADES; 4.11.1 Specificity; 4.11.2 Toxicity and Biodegradability; 4.11.3 Recyclability; 4.11.4 Biocatalysis; 4.11.5 Biorefinery and Bioprocessing; 4.11.6 Production of Reducing Sugars.