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  • Book
    Mauro Monteiro Correia, Michael A. Choti, Flavio G. Rocha, Go Wakabayashi, editors.
    Contents:
    Intro
    Preface
    Contents
    Contributors
    1: Surgical Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases (CRLM)
    Historical Aspects
    References
    2: The Biology of Colorectal Liver Metastases
    Introduction
    Colorectal Carcinogenesis
    Colon Cancer Stem Cells and the Hierarchical Organization Model
    CRC Molecular Classification Subtypes and the Role of Stroma
    Endothelial Cells and Angiogenesis
    Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and Colorectal Cancer (CRC): Extravasation
    Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs)
    Extravasation and Metastatic Dormancy
    Immune System Conclusion
    References
    3: Molecular Biomarkers for the Management of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases
    Introduction
    KRAS
    BRAF
    TP53
    PIK3CA
    APC
    SMAD4
    Microsatellite Instability
    Circulating Tumor Cells
    Conclusion
    References
    4: Diagnosis of Colorectal Liver Metastases
    Definition
    Follow-Up After Treatment of the Primary Tumor
    Clinical Diagnosis
    Laboratory Diagnosis
    Biological Diagnosis
    Imaging Diagnosis
    Methods
    Ultrasonography
    Contrasted Ultrasonography
    Computed Tomography
    Positron Emission Computed Tomography (PET-CT) Magnetic Resonance Imaging
    Magnetic Resonance with Specific Hepatobiliary Contrast
    Intraoperative Ultrasound
    Typical Presentation of Hepatic Colorectal Metastases
    Particular Situations
    Small Hepatic Lesions
    Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Imaging Workup
    Final Recommendation
    References
    5: Role of Imaging in the Management of Patients with Potentially Resectable CRLM
    Introduction
    Role of Imaging in Detection of CRLM
    Ultrasound
    Computed Tomography (CT)
    Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
    Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Role of Imaging in Surgical Planning for CRLM
    Vascular Assessment
    Liver Volumetry
    Conclusion
    References
    6: Staging Classifications of Colorectal Liver Metastases
    Introduction
    Prognostic Factors for CRLM Patients Undergoing Liver Resection
    Staging System for CRLM
    TNM Cancer Staging System for Colon and Rectum Cancer
    Japanese Staging System for CRLM
    Risk Scoring Systems for CRLM Patients Undergoing Liver Resection
    Validation Study of Risk Scoring Systems for CRLM Patients Treated with Liver Resection
    New Aspects of the Prognostic Score System Nomogram to Predict Prognosis of Resected CRLM
    Conclusion
    References
    7: Prognostic Factors of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis
    Introduction
    Factors Related to the Patient
    Factors Related to Primary Tumor
    Factors Related to Liver Tumor
    Conclusion
    References
    8: Clinical Scoring Systems for Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases
    9: What Is the Impact of Positive Margins in the Liver?
    Introduction
    Early Scoring Systems
    Contemporary Scoring Systems
    Validation and Comparison of Existing Scoring Systems
    Should I Use a Scoring System? If So, Which One? When Should I Use a Scoring System?
    Conclusion
    References
    Digital Access Springer 2020