BookAndrei Fernandes Joaquim, Enrico Ghizoni, Helder Tedeschi, Mauro Augusto Tostes Ferreira, editors.
Summary: The aim of this book is to provide clinicians and medical students with basic knowledge of the most common neurosurgical disorders. There is a vast array of signs and symptoms that every clinician should recognize as neurosurgical affectations, allowing them to identify when to refer the patient to a neurosurgeon. In this text, the editors intend to bridge the gap between clinical medicine and neurosurgery, making neurosurgical practice understandable to a wider medical public. The book provides a smooth transition from neuroanatomy, neurophysiology and neurological examination to neurosurgery, focusing more on the knowledge underlying neurosurgical practice rather than on surgical technique. The core of the book is composed of chapters discussing each of the most important medical conditions that deserve neurosurgical intervention, providing key information on diagnosis, clinical aspects, disease management, surgical procedures and prognosis. Moreover, complementary discussion of the frontiers and advances in neurosurgery are also covered. In this sense, this book has two main goals and intended audiences. First, and primarily, it is intended for clinicians in a wide array of non-surgical medical specialties (such as general practitioners, neurologists, pediatricians, oncologists and others) aiming to give an overview on important characteristics and initial management of the most prevalent disorders treated by neurosurgeons. Second, and to a lesser degree, it is intended to be used as a practical guide for medical students who are initiating their study in neurosurgical sciences. Fundamentals of Neurosurgery - A Guide for Clinicians and Medical Students intends to be a comprehensive guide for all non-neurosurgeons who want to broaden their knowledge of neurosurgery. .
Contents:
Intro; Foreword; Preface; Acknowledgments; Contents; Contributors;
1: Neuroanatomy Applied to Clinical Practice; Introduction; Objective; The Central Nervous System; Morphological Aspects of the Encephalon or Telencephalon; The Brain; The Frontal Lobe; The Temporal Lobe; The Parietal Lobe; The Occipital Lobes; The Insular Lobes; The Limbic Lobe; The Diencephalon; The Basal Nuclei; The Cerebellum; The Brainstem; Vascularization; Suggested Readings and References;
2: Basic Neuroimaging; Computed Tomography; Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI); T1; T2; FLAIR; Fat Suppression T1 Postcontrast (Gadolinium)Advanced Sequences; Susceptibility Sensitive Sequence (T2, SWI); DWI and DTI; MR Perfusion-Weighted Imaging; Spectroscopy; Steady-State Gradient Echo Acquisition for CSF Cisternography (FIESTA, CISS); MR Angiography;
3: The Basic Neurological Examination; Introduction; Objective; Rationale for Diagnosis in Neurology/Neurosurgery; The Neurological Examination; Eloquent Brain Areas; Consciousness and Cognition; Gait and Balance; Muscular Examination; Sensory Evaluation; Pupil Examination; Coma; Cranial Nerves; Conclusion; Suggested Readings and References
4: Intracranial HypertensionDefinition; Background; Pathophysiology; Physical Examination and Clinical Features; Additional Work-Up and Monitoring; Treatment; General Management; First Level Measures; Second-Line Measures; Suggested Readings and References;
5: Traumatic Brain Injury Overview and Practice Parameters; Traumatic Brain Injury; Mechanism; Severity; Clinical Evaluation; First Step: Bedside Physical Exam; General Examination; Neurological Examination; Special Considerations in Examining TBI Patients; Pupils; Motor Function Imaging and Diagnostic Procedures First Steps and ConsiderationsComputed Tomography; Intracranial Lesions (Fig. 5.1a); Epidural Hematoma (Fig. 5.1b); Subdural Hematoma (Fig. 5.1c); Contusions/Intracerebral Hemorrhage (Fig. 5.1d); Penetrating Injury (Fig. 5.1e); Treatment; Medical Versus Surgical Management; Medical Therapy; Blood Pressure and Oxygenation; Airway; Cardiopulmonary; Hyperosmolar Therapy; Prophylactic Hypothermia; Infection Prophylaxis; Deep Venous Thrombosis Prophylaxis; Intracranial Pressure Monitoring; Intracranial Pressure Monitor Technology Treatment Thresholds and Optimal Cerebral Perfusion PressureBrain Oxygenation Monitoring and Threshold for Treatment; Anesthesia, Analgesics, and Sedatives; Nutrition; Antiseizure Prophylaxis; Hyperventilation; Steroids; Surgical Therapy; Indications for Surgery; Special Consideration: Surgery for Diffuse Brain Injury or ICP control; Special Considerations: Penetrating Head Injury; Ongoing Care Beyond Initial Interventions; Imaging Modalities That May Assist in Prognosis and Other TBI-Related Care; Computed Tomography Angiography; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Clinical Electrophysiology