Historical Overview of Chemical Carcinogenesis -- Multistage Carcinogenesis -- Tobacco Smoke Carcinogens and Lung Cancer -- Mechanisms of Estrogen Carcinogenesis: Modulation by Botanical Natural Products -- Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines: Potential Human Carcinogens -- Aflatoxin and Hepatocellular Carcinoma -- Metabolic Activation of Chemical Carcinogens -- Detoxication of Chemical Carcinogens and Chemoprevention -- Covalent Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-DNA Adducts: Carcinogenicity, Structure, and Function --Oxidation and Deamination of DNA by Endogenous Sources -- Lipid Peroxide-DNA Adducts -- Chemical Carcinogenesis and Epigenetics -- Nucleotide Excision Repair from Bacteria to Humans: Structure-Function Studies -- Base-Excision Repair: Role of DNA Polymerase ss in Late-Stage Base Excision Repair -- O⁶-Alkylguanine-DNA Alkyltransferase -- Bypass DNA Polymerases -- Mutagenesis: The Outcome of Faulty Replication of DNA -- p53 and Ras Mutations in Cancer and Experimental Carcinogenesis.