Dissection of nasal fossae, nasal pharynx, and palate

Nasal septum and left nasal fossa; branches of sphenopalatine ganglion, left superolateral view

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Image #72-4

Dissection of nasal fossae, nasal pharynx, and palate Nasal septum and left nasal fossa; branches of sphenopalatine ganglion, left superolateral view The left orbit has been removed except for the remnant of the medial orbital margin (frontal process of maxilla) which has been preserved for purposes of orientation. The nasolacrimal duct (9) has been opened. The left maxillary sinus has been resected except for its floor (14). The mucosa of the lateral wall of the left nasal fossa (4) and the nasal conchae (13,19) have been partially removed to expose the nasal fossa. Part of the mucosa of the septum and floor of the nasal fossa has been removed. A window has been cut through the hard palate and the anterior palatine nerve and major palatine artery dissected. The left ethmoidal air cells have been removed and the left sphenoid sinus opened. 1 . Crista galli 2 . Anterior ethmoidal artery 3 . Frontal sinus 4 . Edge of nasal mucosal membrane (of lateral wall) 5 . Perpendicular lamina of ethmoid bone 6 . Nasal mucosal membrane (of septum; epithelium removed to expose underlying venous plexus) 7 . Nasal septal cartilage 8 . Area of septum in which cartilage and bone were deficient, probably as a result of surgery 9 . Upper pointer: Infraorbital margo Lower pointer: Nasolacrimal duct (opened) 10 . Nasal vestibule 11 . Incisive canal 12 . Upper pointer: Nasopalatine nerve and posterior septal nasal artery Lower pointer: Cut edge of palatum durum 13 . Upper pointer: Communicating nasal meatus Lower pointer: Inferior nasal concha 14 . Maxillary sinus [Highmore] 15 . Cribrosal lamina of ethmoid bone 16 . Right optical nerve (II) 17 . Posterior ethmoid artery 18 . Left sphenoidal sinus 19 . Left pointer: Medial nasal concha Right pointer: Posterior nasal septal artery 20 . Rami nasales posteriores superiores [laterales] ganglii sphenopalatini 21 . Maxillary nerve (turned postero-inferiorly to expose sphenopalatine ganglion) 22 . Pharyngeal branch of sphenopalatine ganglion 23 . Left pointer: Sphenopalatine ganglion Right pointer: Pterygopalatine canal nerve [Vidius] 24 . Sphenopalatine nerves 25 . Upper pointer: Posterior lateral nasal artery Lower pointer: Sphenopalatine artery 26 . Posterior palatine nerve 27 . Palatine levator veli muscle 28 . Palatine tensor veli muscle 29 . Major palatine artery (bony pterygopalatine canal removed) 30 . Posterior superior alveolar nerves 31 . Anterior palatine nerve * . [Legend above restored translation from Latin]