Dr. Lloyd Minor - Research, Publications and Training
Lloyd B. Minor, MD
Dean of Stanford University
School of Medicine,
Professor of Otolaryngology
(Head and Neck Surgery),
Professor of Bioengineering and
of Neurobiology, by
courtesy
News Stories about Superior Canal Dehiscence Syndrome
- Medical
mystery: How can some people hear their own eyeballs move?
(Scientific American) -
The musician who heard too much
(ABC 20/20) - Surgery
saves man from hearing his own eyeball move
(MSNBC) - Man
cured of hearing his eyeballs move
(BBC)
Complexity as a Driver of Innovation and Discovery: Lessons Learned from the Vestibular System
Lloyd B. Minor, MD
Otolaryngology Grand Rounds, Oct. 18,
2012
Medical Research and Publications
Dr. Minor is an expert in balance and inner-ear disorders; he has published over 140 articles and chapters and founded a lab focused on vestibular research.
Dr. Minor is perhaps best known for his discovery of superior canal dehiscence syndrome (SCDS), a debilitating disorder characterized by sound- or pressure-induced dizziness. In 1998 Minor and colleagues published a description of the clinical manifestations of the syndrome and related its cause to an opening (dehiscence) in the bone covering the superior canal. He subsequently developed a surgical procedure that corrects the problem and alleviates symptoms.
In recognition of his work in refining a treatment for Méniêre's disease, another balance disorder, Minor received the Prosper Méniêre Society's gold medal in 2010.
A good overview of SCDS, Prosper Méniêre's disease and other advances by Dr. Minor.
Dr. Minor's Papers Published on Superior Canal Dehiscence Syndrome
- Minor, L.B., Solomon, D., Zinreich, J.S., and Zee, D.S. (1998). Sound-and/or pressure-induced vertigo due to bone dehiscence of the superior semicircular canal. Archives of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 124: 249-258.
- Minor, L.B. (2000). Superior canal dehiscence syndrome. American Journal of Otology 21: 9-19.
- Carey, J.P., Minor, L.B., and Nager, G.T. (2000). Dehiscence or thinning of bone overlying the superior semicircular canal in a temporal bone survey. Archives of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 126: 137-147.
- Cremer, P.D., Minor, L.B., Carey, J.P., and Della Santina, C.C. (2000). Eye movements in patients with the superior canal dehiscence syndrome align with the abnormal canal. Neurology 55: 1833-1841.
- Streubel, S.O., Cremer, P.D., Carey, J.P., Weg, N., and Minor, L.B. (2001). Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials in the diagnosis of superior canal dehiscence syndrome. Acta Otolaryngologica Supplement 545: 41-49.
- Minor, L.B., Cremer, P.D., Carey, J.P., Della Santina, C.C., Streubel, S.O., and Weg, N. (2001). Symptoms and signs in superior canal dehiscence syndrome. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 942: 259-273.
- Hirvonen, T.P., Weg, N., Zinreich, S.J., and Minor, L.B. (2003). CT high-resolution findings suggest a developmental abnormality underlying superior canal dehiscence syndrome. Acta Otolaryngologica 123: 477-481.
- Minor, L.B. (2005). Clinical manifestations of superior semicircular canal dehiscence. Laryngoscope 115: 1717-1727.
- Potyagaylo, V.L., Della Santina, C.C., Minor, L.B., Carey, J.P. (2005). Superior canal dehiscence is not due to cephalic displacement of the labyrinth. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1039: 498-502.
- Limb, C.J., Carey, J.P., Srireddy, S., and Minor, L.B. (2006). Auditory function in patients with surgically treated superior semicircular canal dehiscence. Otology & Neurotology 27: 969-980.
- Carey, J.P., Migliaccio, A.A., and Minor, L.B. (2007). Semicircular canal function before and after surgery for superior canal dehiscence. Otology & Neurotology 28: 356-364.
- Welgampola, M.S., Wyrie, O.A., Minor, L.B., and Carey, J.P. (2008). Vestibular-evoked myogenic potential thresholds normalize upon plugging superior canal dehiscence. Neurology 70: 464-472.
- Crane, B.T., Minor, L.B., and Carey, J.P. (2008). Three-dimensional computed tomography of superior canal dehiscence syndrome. Otology & Neurotology 29: 699-705.
- Crane, B.T., Minor, L.B., and Carey, J.P. (2008). Superior canal dehiscence plugging reduces dizziness handicap. Laryngoscope 118: 1809-1813.
- Agrawal, Y., Migliaccio, A.A., Minor, L.B., and Carey, J.P. (2009). Vestibular hypofunction in the initial post-operative period after surgical treatment of superior canal dehiscence. Otology & Neurotology 30: 502-506.
- Agrawal, Y., Minor, L.B., Schubert, M.C., Janky, K.L., Davalos-Bichara, M., and Carey, J.P. (2012). Second-side surgery in superior canal dehiscence syndrome. Otology & Neurotology 33(1): 72-77.
- Tavassolie, T.S., Penninger, R.T., Zuñiga, M.G., Minor, L.B., and Carey, J.P. (2012). Multislice computed tomography in the diagnosis of superior canal dehiscence: How much error, and how to minimize it? Otology & Neurotology 33(2): 215-22.
- Crane, B.T., Carey, J.P., McMenomey, S., and Minor, L.B. (2010) Meningioma causing superior canal dehiscence syndrome. Otology & Neurotology 31: 1009-1010.
Dr. Minor's Papers Published on Méniêre's Disease
- Minor, L.B. (1999). Intratympanic gentamicin for control of vertigo in Méniêre's disease: Vestibular signs that specify completion of therapy. American Journal of Otology 20: 209-219.
- Carey, J.P., Minor, L.B., Peng, G.C., Della Santina, C.C., Cremer, P.D., and Haslwanter, T. (2002). Changes in the three-dimensional angular vestibulo-ocular reflex following intratympanic gentamicin for Méniêre's disease. Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology 3: 430-443.
- Carey, J.P., Hirvonen, T.P., Peng, G.C., Della Santina, C.C., Cremer, P.D., Haslwanter, T., and Minor, L.B. (2002). Changes in the angular vestibulo-ocular reflex after a single dose of intratympanic gentamicin for Méniêre's disease. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 956: 581-584.
- Wu, I.C. and Minor, L.B. (2003). Long-term hearing outcome in patients receiving intratympanic gentamicin for Méniêre's disease. Laryngoscope 113: 815-820.
- Minor, L.B., Schessel, D.A., and Carey, J.P. (2004). Méniêre's disease. Current Opinion in Neurology 17: 9-16.
- Lustig, L.R., Yeagle, J., Niparko, J.K., and Minor, L.B. (2003). Cochlear implantation in patients with bilateral Méniêre's syndrome. Otology & Neurotology 24: 397-403.
- Migliaccio, A.A., Della Santina, C.C., Carey, J.P., Niparko, J.K., and Minor, L.B. (2005). The vestibulo-ocular reflex response to head impulses rarely decreases following cochlear implantation. Otology & Neurotology 26: 655-660.
- Park, H.J., Migliaccio, A.A., Della Santina, C.C., Minor, L.B., and Carey, J.P. (2005). Search-coil head thrust and caloric tests in Méniêre's disease. Acta Otolaryngologica 125: 852-857.
- Lin, F.R., Migliaccio, A.A., Haslwanter, T., Minor, L.B., and Carey, J.P. (2005). Angular vestibuloocular reflex gains correlate with vertigo after intratympanic gentamicin treatment for Méniêre's disease. (click "Get password") Annals of Otology, Rhinology, & Laryngology 114: 777-785.
- Minor, L.B. (2005). Evaluation of vestibular function. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Ménière's Disease and Inner Ear Homeostasis Disorders. Los Angeles: House Ear Institute Publications, 91-92.
- Boleas-Aguirre, M.S., Lin, F.R., Della Santina, C.C., Minor, L.B., and Carey, J.P. (2008). Longitudinal results with intratympanic dexamethasone in the treatment of Ménière's disease. Otology & Neurotology 29: 33-38.
- Nguyen, K.D., Minor, L.B., Della Santina, C.C., and Carey, J.P. (2009). Time course of repeated intratympanic gentamicin for Méniêre's disease. Laryngoscope 119:792-798.
- Nguyen, K.D., Minor, L.B., Della Santina, C.C., and Carey, J.P. (2009). Vestibular function and vertigo control after intratympanic gentamicin for Méniêre's disease. Audiology & Neurotology 14: 361-372.
- Crane, B.T., Minor, L.B., Della Santina, C.C., and Carey, J.P. (2009). Middle ear exploration in patients with Méniêre's disease who have failed outpatient intratympanic gentamicin therapy. Otology & Neurotology 30: 619-624.
- Campbell, C.A., Della Santina, C.C., Meyer, N.C., Smith, N.B., Stone, E.M., Fushima, K. Califano, J., Carey, J.P., Hansen, M.R., Gantz, B.J., Minor, L.B., and Smith, R.J. (2010). Polymorphisms in KCNE1 or KCNE3 are not associated with Ménière's disease in the Caucasian population. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A 152A: 67-74.
- Agrawal, Y. and Minor, L.B. (2010). Physiologic effects on the vestibular system in Ménière's disease. Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America 43: 985-993.
- Gazquez, I., Lopez-Escamez, J.A., Morena, A., Campbell, C.A., Meyer, N.C., Carey, J.P., Minor, L.B., Gantz, B.J., Hansen, M.R., Della Santina, C.C., Aran, I., Soto-Varela, A., Santos, S., Batuecas, A., Perez-Garrigues, H., Lopez-Nevot, A., Smith, R.J., and Lopez-Nevot, M.A. (2011). Functional variants in NOS1 and NOS2A are not associated with progressive hearing loss in Ménière's disease in a European Caucasian population. DNA Cell Biology 30: 699-708.
Other Significant, Highly Cited Papers by Dr. Minor *
- Burchard, K.W., Minor, L.B., Slotman, G.J., and Gann, D.S. (1983). Fungal sepsis in surgical patients. Archives of Surgery 118(2): 217-221.
- Burchard, K.W., Minor, L.B., Slotman, G.J., and Gann, D.S. (1984). Staphylococcus epidermidis sepsis in surgical patients. Archives of Surgery 119(1): 96-100.
- Minor, L.B., and Goldberg, J.M. (1990). Influence of static head position on the horizontal nystagmus evoked by caloric, rotational and optokinetic stimulation in the squirrel monkey. Experimental Brain Research 82(1): 1-13.
- Minor, L.B., McCrea, R.A., and Goldberg, J.M. (1990). Dual projections of secondary vestibular axons in the medial longitudinal fasciculus to extraocular motor nuclei and the spinal cord of the squirrel monkey. Experimental Brain Research Volume 83(1): 9-21
- Minor, L.B. and Goldberg, J.M. (1991). Vestibular-nerve inputs to the vestibulo-ocular reflex: A functional-ablation study in the squirrel monkey. Journal of Neuroscience 11: 1636-1648.
- Glasscock, M.E., Hays, J.W., Minor, L.B., Haynes, D.S., and Carrasco, V.N. (1993). Preservation of hearing in surgery for acoustic neuromas. Journal of Neurosurgery 78(6): 864-870.
- Strasnick, B., Glasscock, M.E., Haynes, D., McMenomey, S.O., and Minor, L.B. (1994). The natural history of untreated acoustic neuromas. Laryngoscope 104(9): 1115-1119.
- McMenomey, S.O., Glasscock, M.E., Minor, L.B., Jackson, C.G., and Strasnick, B. (1994). Facial nerve neuromas presenting as acoustic tumors. American Journal of Otology 15(3): 307-312.
- Lysakowski, A., Minor, L.B., Fernandez, C., and Goldberg, J.M. (1995). Physiological identification of morphologically distinct afferent classes innervating the cristae ampullares of the squirrel monkey. Journal of Neurophysiology 73(3): 1270-1281.
- Minor, L.B. (1998). Gentamicin-induced bilateral vestibular hypofunction. Journal of the American Medical Association 279(7): 541-544.
- Gillespie, M.B., and Minor, L.B. (1999). Prognosis in bilateral vestibular hypofunction. Laryngoscope 109(1): 35-41.
- Hullar, T.E., and Minor, L.B. (1999). High-frequency dynamics of regularly discharging canal afferents provide a linear signal for angular vestibuloocular reflexes. Journal of Neurophysiology 82(4): 2000-2005.
- Minor, L.B., Lasker, D.M., Backous, D.D., and Hullar, T.E. (1999). Horizontal vestibuloocular reflex evoked by high-acceleration rotations in the squirrel monkey. I. Normal responses. Journal of Neurophysiology 82: 1254-1270.
- Lasker, D.M., Backous, D.D., Lysakowski, A., Davis, G.L., and Minor, L.B. (1999). Horizontal vestibuloocular reflex evoked by high-acceleration rotations in the squirrel monkey. II. Responses after canal plugging. Journal of Neurophysiology 82(3): 1271-1285.
- Lasker, D.M., Hullar, T.E., and Minor, L.B. (2000). Horizontal vestibuloocular reflex evoked by high-acceleration rotations in the squirrel monkey. III. Responses after labyrinthectomy. Journal of Neurophysiology 83: 2482-2496.
- Hirvonen, T.P., Carey, J.P., Liang, C.J., and Minor, L.B. (2001). Superior canal dehiscence - Mechanisms of pressure sensitivity in a chinchilla model. Archives of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery 127(11): 1331-1336.
- Cullen, K.E., and Minor, L.B. (2002). Semicircular canal afferents similarly encode active and passive head-on-body rotations: Implications for the role of vestibular efference. Journal of Neuroscience, 22(11): RC226.
- Della Santina, C.C., Cremer, P.D., Carey, J.P., and Minor, L.B. (2002). Comparison of head thrust test with head autorotation test reveals that the vestibulo-ocular reflex is enhanced during voluntary head movements. Archives of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 128: 1044-1054.
- Belden, C.J., Weg, N., Minor, L.B., and Zinreich, S.J. (2003). CT evaluation of bone dehiscence of the superior semicircular canal as a cause of sound- and/or pressure-induced vertigo. Radiology 226(2): 337-343.
- Minor, L.B., Carey, J.P., Cremer, P.D., Lustig, L.R., Streubel, S.O., and Ruckenstein, M.J. (2003). Dehiscence of bone overlying the superior canal as a cause of apparent conductive hearing loss. Otology & Neurotology 24: 270-278.
- Carey, J.P., Hirvonen, T.P., Hullar, T.E., and Minor, L.B. (2004). Acoustic responses of vestibular afferents in a model of superior canal dehiscence. Otology & Neurotology 25(3): 345-352.
- Della Santina, C.C., Potyagaylo, V., Migliaccio, A.A., Minor, L.B., and Carey, J.P. (2005). Orientation of human semicircular canals measured by three-dimensional multiplanar CT reconstruction. Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology, 6(3), 191-206.
- Hullar, T.E., Della Santina, C.C., Hirvonen, T.P., Lasker, D.M., Carey, J.P., and Minor, L.B. (2005). Responses of irregularly discharging chinchilla semicircular canal vestibular-nerve afferents during high-frequency head rotations. Journal of Neurophysiology 93: 2777-2786.
- Hirvonen, T.P., Minor, L.B., Hullar, T.E., and Carey, J.P. (2005). Effects of intratympanic gentamicin on vestibular afferents and hair cells in the chinchilla. Journal of Neurophysiology 93(2): 643-655.
- Sadeghi, S.G., Minor, L.B., and Cullen, K.E. (2006). Dynamics of the horizontal vestibuloocular reflex after unilateral labyrinthectomy: response to high frequency, high acceleration, and high velocity rotations. Experimental Brain Research 175(3): 471-484.
- Sadeghi, S.G., Minor, L.B., and Cullen, K.E. (2007). Response of vestibular-nerve afferents to active and passive rotations under normal conditions and after unilateral labyrinthectomy. Journal of Neurophysiology 97(2): 1503-1514.
- Agrawal, Y., Carey, J.P., Della Santina, C.C., Schubert, M.D., and Minor, L.B. (2009). Disorders of balance and vestibular function in US adults: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001-2004. Archives of Internal Medicine 169: 938-944.
- Welgampola, M.S., Migliaccio, A.A., Myrie, O.A., Minor, L.B., and Carey, J.P. (2009). The human sound-evoked vestibulo-ocular reflex and its electromyographic correlate. Clinical Neurophysiology 120(1): 158-166.
- Sadeghi, S.G., Minor, L.B., and Cullen, K.E. (2010). Neural correlates of motor learning in the vestibulo-ocular reflex: Dynamic regulation of multimodal integration in the macaque vestibular system. Journal of Neuroscience 30: 10158-10168.
Education, Training and Appointments
- 2012 — Dean, Stanford University School of Medicine
- 2009 — Provost and Senior Vice President for Academic Affairs, The Johns Hopkins University; University Distinguished Service Professor, Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
- 2003 — Andelot Professor and Director (chair), Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Otolaryngologist-in-Chief; The Johns Hopkins Hospital
- 2002 — John E. Bordley Professor, Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
- 2001 — Professor, Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Neuroscience and of Biomedical Engineering (secondary appointments), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
- 1997 — Associate Professor, Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Neuroscience and of Biomedical Engineering (secondary appointments), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
- 1995 — Assistant Professor, Department of Biomedical Engineering (secondary appointment), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
- 1993 — Assistant Professor, Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Neuroscience (secondary appointment), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
- 1992 — Clinical Fellow, The Otology Group and The EAR Foundation in Nashville, TN (Otology and Neurootology)
- 1988 — Resident, Division of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Chicago Medical Center
- 1984 — Research Fellow, Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Sciences (Vestibular Neurophysiology), University of Chicago
- 1982 — Resident, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center
- 1982 — M.D., Brown University
- 1979 — Sc.B., Brown University